Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

C receptor type 1 (CR1, CD35) is present in a soluble form in plasma (sCR1). Soluble CR1 was measured with a specific ELISA assay in normal individuals and in patients with different diseases. The mean serum concentration of sCR1 in 31 normal donors was 31.4 +/- 7.8 ng/ml, and was identical in plasma. An increase in sCR1 was observed in 36 patients with end-stage renal failure on dialysis (54.8 +/- 11.7 ng/ml, p < 0.0001), and in 22 patients with liver cirrhosis (158.3 +/- 49.9 ng/ml, p < 0.0001). The mean sCR1 levels dropped from 181 +/- 62.7 to 52.1 +/- 24.0 ng/ml (p < 0.001) in nine patients who underwent liver transplantation, and was 33.5 +/- 7.3 in 10 patients with functioning renal grafts, indicating that the increase in sCR1 was reversible. Soluble CR1 was elevated in some hematologic malignancies (> 47 ng/ml), which included B cell lymphoma (12/19 patients), Hodgkin's lymphoma (4/4), and chronic myeloproliferative syndromes (4/5). By contrast, no increase was observed in acute myeloid or lymphoblastic leukemia (10) or myeloma (5). In two patients with chronic myeloproliferative syndromes, sCR1 decreased rapidly after chemotherapy. The mean concentration of sCR1 was not significantly modified in 181 HIV-infected patients at various stages of the disease (34.8 +/- 14.4 ng/ml), and in 13 patients with active SLE (38.3 +/- 19.6 ng/ml), although in both groups the number of CR1 was diminished on E. There was a weak but significant correlation between sCR1 and CR1 per E in HIV infection and SLE (r = 0.39, p < 0.0001, and r = 0.60, p < 0.03 respectively). In vitro, monocytes, lymphocytes, and neutrophils were found to release sCR1 into culture supernatants. In vivo, sCR1 was detected in the serum of SCID mice populated with human peripheral blood leukocytes. The sCR1 levels correlated with those of human IgG (r = 0.97, p < 0.0001), suggesting synthesis of sCR1 by the transferred lymphocytes. The mechanisms underlining the increased levels of sCR1 and its biologic consequences remain to be defined.
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PMID:Circulating soluble CR1 (CD35). Serum levels in diseases and evidence for its release by human leukocytes. 833 53

A new human T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma cell line of the T-cell receptor (TCR) gamma/delta lineage has been derived from the peripheral blood of a patient with a subcutaneous T-cell lymphoma in leukemic phase. The cell line (Karpas 384) initially had the same characteristics as malignant cells from the patient. Both the original tumor and the cell line failed to express any T-cell differentiation antigens other than very weak cell-surface expression of CD3 and cytoplasmic CD7; with continued growth in vitro, surface CD3 became undetectable in the presence of maintained strong cytoplasmic expression. The cell line has a complex karyotype with six abnormal chromosomes exhibiting not only t(7;14) (p13;q11.2) but also inv7(p13;q22.1), t(1;2)(q11;q35), t(2;1;14) (q35;q11-q32.1;q22.1), interstitial deletion 12(q24.1q24.3), and an unidentified marker chromosome. DNA blot analysis showed that TCR C beta and TCR J alpha-C alpha DNA sequences were in germline configuration in all restriction endonuclease digests. TCR gamma sequences showed biallelic V gamma 9-J gamma P-C gamma 1 rearrangements, the TCR gamma rearrangement detected in the majority of normal TCR gamma/delta bearing cells. Use of a range of TCR delta probes showed biallelic deletion of both J delta 1 and J delta 2, but three rearranged fragments when probed with a 3' C delta genomic probe. Similar breakpoints at 7p13 have been reported in a wide range of hematologic malignancies. Molecular cloning of the t(7;14)(p13;q11.2) translocation breakpoint in this cell line may define new DNA sequences of oncogenic potential at the 7p13 locus.
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PMID:A new human T-cell lymphoma cell line (Karpas 384) of the T-cell receptor gamma/delta lineage with translocation t(7:14) (p13;q11.2). 839 14

The finding of epithelioid granulomas has been widely reported in solid tumors and in hematologic malignancies. This phenomenon has been especially well studied in Hodgkin's disease, where its presence has been shown to confer a favorable prognosis. Such granulomas have not, however, been as extensively studied in other forms of hematologic malignancy, particularly in small noncleaved cell lymphoma. We report seven cases of small noncleaved cell lymphoma that were associated with a marked epithelioid granulomatous response. Detailed clinical data, including follow-up, were available in five of the seven patients. Three had localized disease (stage I), whereas two had advanced disease (stages III-A and IV-B, respectively). All five patients achieved a complete remission and are alive without evidence of disease (median follow-up, 6 years). These findings suggest that the epithelioid granulomas may be a manifestation of a host response that confers an improved prognosis in this subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
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PMID:Small noncleaved cell lymphoma associated with florid epithelioid granulomatous response. A clinicopathologic study of seven patients. 837 46

Splenic fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy has been used mainly in Europe to diagnose nonneoplastic systemic diseases. A few reports have described FNA biopsy of the spleen for the diagnosis of lymphoma. There is a definite paucity of North American reports concerning FNA biopsy for metastatic disease involving the spleen; that probably is a reflection of both the relative infrequency of splenic metastases and concern about potential hemorrhagic complications of the procedure. We report a series of 11 FNA biopsies of the spleen in patients with known carcinoma or hematologic malignancies. The FNA biopsies were performed on eight males and three females with a median age of 45 years and a range of 6-77 years. Six patients had a known hematopoietic malignancy at the time of aspiration (five non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, one acute myelogenous leukemia [AML]). The one patient with Hodgkin's disease had an FNA biopsy of the spleen as part of the initial workup; cytologic impression was atypical lymphoid cells with granulomas suggestive of Hodgkin's disease, which was confirmed by splenectomy. Four patients with carcinoma (two testicular, one lung, one ovarian) had FNA biopsies for the evaluation of splenic nodules; FNA biopsy confirmed metastatic carcinoma in three of these patients. In the entire series splenic FNA biopsy documented malignancy in 6 of the 11 patients. The one patient with AML had Aspergillus identified in the splenic aspirate, while granulomatous inflammation with yeast consistent with Candida was seen in a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. One aspirate demonstrated abscesses without recognizable organisms, and another showed extensive necrosis in a patient with testicular choriocarcinoma. Only one hemorrhagic complication was noted following splenic biopsy. Our experience demonstrates that FNA biopsy of the spleen is a useful and safe procedure in evaluating infectious and neoplastic splenic masses in patients with hematopoietic malignancies and carcinoma.
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PMID:Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the spleen in the evaluation of neoplastic disorders. 846 34

This re-evaluation of a pilot study conducted nearly three decades ago (1965-1970), in which serendipity played a central role in favorable responses of hematologic malignancies to the administration of adoptive lymphocytes from both parents, has been motivated by clearer understanding. Temporary remissions marking LAK cell-driven graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) responses were observed in four of seven acute leukemia patients associated with unique self-limited graft-versus-host (GvH) reactions that were NK cell and cytokine related. Retinopathy not previously reported in a GvH setting was a consistent manifestation in these patients. Cure was achieved in an eighth patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia after she had been given effective chemotherapy, an active role for the adoptive therapy indicated by the occurrence of a week of fever suggesting an abortive GvH reaction. Two of five patients with Hodgkin's disease also experienced favorable responses to parental leukocyte therapy, one exhibiting GvH manifestations almost identical to those seen in the acute leukemia patients when given the adoptive therapy successfully to spur recovery from severe herpes zoster that had interrupted curative radiation therapy. The GvH in the other patient was a more typical one, the key effect being an increase in circulating lymphocytes that may have contributed indirectly to cure with subsequent therapy. These and other attempts to apply GvL responses therapeutically, including those currently in favor, exemplify the shortcomings of partial mitogenic responses to alloactivation, which are dependent on engraftment, limited in scope, excessively toxic, and difficult to control. Treatment with mitogens such as PHA would be a superior alternative because of the abilities of these agents to regulate immune responses by simple modulations of dosage, scheduling, and modes of application.
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PMID:Haplotype donor-generated graft-versus-leukemia responses: serendipity revisited. 854 57

Most hematologic malignancies are rare during the childbearing years with the exception of Hodgkin's lymphoma. However, the continued spread of retroviruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus, in the heterosexual population may result in a substantial rise in viral-induced non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Although pregnancy does not affect the natural course of these illnesses, adequate staging and therapy can be a difficult task. The obstetrician and the consultant hematologist/oncologist must weigh the benefit of immediate treatment while minimizing toxicity to the fetus.
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PMID:Hematologic malignancies during pregnancy. 861 64

A strong association was found to exist between patterns of lymphoid malignancies and socioeconomic status. B-cell lymphomas and T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia are much more prevalent in developing countries where the chances of acquiring infections especially at a younger age are high. B-cell precursor acute lymphatic leukemia, however, are much more prevalent in the Western world. Many infectious agents are associated with lymphatic malignancies. Epstein-Barr virus is involved in African Burkitt's lymphoma, human immunodeficiency virus-related Burkitt's lymphoma, lymphoproliferative syndrome post-transplantation, and Hodgkin's disease. Other infectious agents which may play a role in lymphoproliferative disorders are human immunodeficiency virus in acquired immune deficiency syndrome-associated lymphoma, human T-lymphotropic virus in adult T-cell lymphoma, Helicobacter pylori in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, theileriosis in lymphoproliferative syndrome in cattle, Avian leukosis virus in chicken bursal lymphoma, and possibly a bacterial infection in immunoproliferative small intestine disease, potentially reversed by antibiotic therapy. The association between infectious agents and hematologic malignancies may be explained by the creation of large populations of activated cells followed by higher occurrences of 'genetic accidents'. This theory may be reinforced in at least some malignancies with the existence of viral proteins which either have complex relationships with key cellular gene products like p53 and Rb which have roles in cell cycle control, or share common motifs with bc1-2, therefore operating as anti-apoptotic elements. Whenever these genes are deranged, cell deoxysibonucleic acid repair or apoptosis are no longer possible, thereby creating a state of genome instability, increased acquisition of mistakes, and increased chances for malignant transformation.
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PMID:Infectious agents and environmental factors in lymphoid malignancies. 881 40

Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin lymphoma or leukemia occurring in a pregnant patient is a rare event. Diagnosis of hematologic malignancies in a pregnant woman usually poses a quandrum of psychological, ethical and medical considerations. All of these situations require a multidisciplinary team. Adequate staging and treatment of hematologic malignancies are complicated by the pregnancy. In the first trimester, termination of the pregnancy should be considered in order to provide the best outcome for the woman and fetus. In this review we have focused on the use of chemotherapy for the pregnant patient. This review reveals that the use of chemotherapy resulted in both objective disease remissions and the subsequent delivery of normal infant.
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PMID:[Management of hematologic malignancies during pregnancy]. 896 58

Patients with non-myeloid hematologic malignancies (including Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, myeloma and acute lymphoid leukemia) or solid tumors underwent cytoreductive conditioning regimens followed by either autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) (n = 343) or transplantation of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) with (n = 44) or without bone marrow (BM) (n = 16). In a randomized double-blind phase III multi-center trial, patients received either granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF, 10 micrograms/kg/day) or placebo by daily i.v. infusion beginning 24 h after bone marrow infusion and continuing until the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) had recovered to > or = 1000/mm3, or for a maximum of 30 days. Median time to neutrophil recovery was significantly shorter in the GM-CSF group (18 vs 27 days, P < 0.001), and more GM-CSF patients had neutrophil recovery by day 30 (70 vs 48%). Median duration of hospitalization was significantly shorter in the GM-CSF group (29 vs 32 days, P = 0.02). GM-CSF significantly reduced the median time to neutrophil recovery in patients receiving bone marrow only (19 vs 27 days, P < 0.001) or PBSC with or without bone marrow (14 vs 21 days, P < 0.001). The overall incidence of adverse events was comparable in the two groups, although more patients in the GM-CSF group discontinued treatment due to adverse events (17 vs 9%, P < 0.001). No difference was noted in infection incidence or time to platelet independence. GM-CSF had no negative impact on time to relapse or long-term survival. These data indicate the positive influence of GM-CSF on neutrophil recovery and hospital stay in patients receiving ABMT for a variety of clinical indications.
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PMID:GM-CSF accelerates neutrophil recovery after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. 897 73

Pathologic rupture of the spleen in hematologic malignancies is rare. We present two cases of splenic rupture which occurred in a man with a secondary high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and a woman with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In a review of the literature, we have been able to identify 136 cases of pathologic splenic rupture since 1861; 34% have occurred in acute leukemias, 34% in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, and 18% in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). We find a male-to-female ratio of 3:1, with considerable differences for the specific diseases encountered. Pathologic rupture of the spleen has happened almost exclusively in adults and the ruptured spleens are generally moderately to severely enlarged. It seems that, apart from splenic infiltration by a hematologic disease, splenic infarcts and coagulation disorders (which have previously been advanced as the most important pathophysiologic factors leading to rupture), male sex, adulthood, severe splenomegaly, and cytoreductive chemotherapy may increase the risk for pathologic splenic rupture. We briefly discuss symptoms preceding the event, diagnostic possibilities, and the outcome with operative and conservative approaches.
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PMID:Pathologic rupture of the spleen in hematologic malignancies: two additional cases. 900 61


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