Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study is aimed at comparison of patients with extranodal lymphomas based on pathohistological findings differences (MALT vs non-MALT) as well as regarding gastric and non-gastric localization, and determining the significance of clinical-laboratory parameters with respect to therapeutic response and length of survival. A total of 56 patients with extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the gastrointestinal tract were evaluated over a 5-yr period. Regarding the localization of the disease, the stomach was most frequently affected, 39 patients (70%); followed by small and large intestines, 17 patients. As for the pathohistological findings, MALT lymphoma accounted for 70%, DLBCL 25%, while other subtypes accounted for 5%. Patients' distribution was analyzed according to CS based on both Ann Arbor and Lugano systems; however, the difference obtained between the groups was not statistically significant in both staging types of patients. Statistically significant difference in patients' distribution was not found with respect to IPI index, bone marrow infiltration, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, or histological subtype and localization. Difference in survival between patients according to the pathohistological type was not statistically significant also according to the type of the affected gastrointestinal tract organ. Statistical significance of difference according to survival probability was obtained based on age (survival is longer in patients over 55 yr of age); according to CS and according to Ann Arbor and Lugano classifications (the patients with lower CS live significantly longer); according to IPI index (the survival is significantly longer in patients with lower probability: IPI-0,1, and 2), as well as patients free of bone marrow infiltration whose survival is also significantly longer.
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PMID:Primary extranodal lymphomas of gastrointestinal localizations: a single institution 5-yr experience. 1672 Sep 23

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) accounts for 30% of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and is known to comprise heterogeneous groups. We previously reported that CD5+ DLBCL is a clinically distinct subgroup of these tumors that is associated with poor prognosis. In our current study, we have used gene expression profiling technology in an attempt to identify new markers and to further characterize the biological features of CD5+ DLBCL. Candidate genes, which showed the greatest difference in expression between 22 CD5+ and 26 CD5- DLBCL cases, were selected from our screening and subjected to clustering analysis. This resulted in identification of a specific mRNA profile (a CD5 signature) for CD5+ DLBCL. The CD5 signature included downregulated extracellular matrix genes such as POSTN, SPARC, COL1A1, COL3A1, CTSK, MMP9 and LAMB3, and comprised upregulated genes including TRPM4. We tested this CD5 signature for its potential use as a relevant marker for CD5+ DLBCL and found that it did indeed recognize this subgroup. The tumors identified by the CD5 signature contained most of the CD5+ DLBCL cases and some CD5- DLBCL cases. Moreover, the subgroup of cases with this CD5 signature showed a poorer prognosis. The subsequent application of the CD5 signature to the analysis of an independent series of DLBCL microarray data resulted in identification of a subgroup of DLBCL cases with a similar clinical outcome, further suggesting that the CD5 signature can be used as a clinically relevant marker of this disease.
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PMID:Expression profiling analysis of the CD5+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma subgroup: development of a CD5 signature. 1685 81

The metastasis-suppressing role of the nm23 gene in the metastatic spread of malignant tumor is still debated. We examined the nm23-H1 protein expression and gene mutation in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas to compare with the clinicopathologic parameters. The expression of nm23-H1 protein was immunohistochemically examined in 150 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas; 85 diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DL-BCL), 18 marginal zone B cell lymphomas (MZL), 3 mantle cell lymphomas, 25 peripheral T cell lymphomas, not otherwise specified (TCLNOS), and 19 NK/T cell lymphomas (NK/T). Eighty-one cases (58 DLBCL, 6 MZL, 4 TCLNOS, and 13 NK/T) were studied for nm23-H1 gene mutation in exon 1 to 5. The high expression of nm23-H1 protein was associated with the high IPI score (p=0.019) and the low survival rate of the patients (p=0.0039). The gene mutation of nm23-H1 was detected in 10.3% of DLBCL and 30.7% of NK/T; but none in MZL and TCLNOS. The mutation was found in exon 1 in 5 cases, exon 2 in two cases, exon 4 in one case and both exon 1 and 2 in two cases. Our results suggest that the expression of nm23-H1 protein can be used as a poor prognostic marker in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, and the mutational change of gene may operate in the lymphomagenesis.
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PMID:nm23-H1 protein expression and gene mutation in 150 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. 1689 7

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is one of the most critical enzyme in folic acid metabolism, and it converts 5,10-MTHF to 5-MTHF. 5,10-MTHF is required for conversion of uridilate to thymidylate. On the other side, MTHFR enzyme causes methylation of homocysteine into methionine, leading to methylation of DNA. Chemotherapeutic agents have different effects, but DNA is the target for most of them. Because folate is the cornerstone in DNA synthesis, we analysed herein if the polymorphisms in MTHFR gene can alter the susceptibility of lymphoproliferative disease risk and if it has an effect on chemotherapy response. One hundred fifty-six patients with lymphoid malignancies and 82 healthy controls were included into the study. Neither gene frequencies nor allel frequencies were found to increase lymphoproliferative disease risk significantly in both overall group and subgroups. Although it was not statistically significant, we found a 2.7-fold increased risk in acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL)/Burkitt lymphoma patients with TT genotype [odds ratio (OR), 2.7; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.88-8.2] than CC genotype but a 1.7-fold decreased risk with TT genotype in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL; OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.17-1.88) and a 1.8-fold decreased risk in Hodgkin's lymphoma with TT genotype (OR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.10-2.87) than CC genotype. The chemotherapy response was analysed in DLBCL, Hodgkin's lymphoma and ALL/Burkitt's lymphoma because these patients received standard chemotherapy protocols. No significant difference was detected between responder and non-responders according to MTHFR T677C polymorphism, but the patients who had TT genotype respond 1.75-fold worse than CC (OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.07-4.64) in ALL patients (p=0.59), and in DLBCL, CT genotype revealed a 1.8-fold worse response than CC genotype (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.17-1.7), but TT genotype revealed 2.6-fold better response rates than patients with CC genotype (OR, 2.6; 95% CI, 0.26-26.8). As a conclusion, MTHFR C677T polymorphism does not increase the risk of lymphoproliferative disease, and it does not have an effect on chemotherapy response significantly; however, the patients with TT genotype have a slightly increased risk for ALL, and they also respond worse than CC genotype. TT genotype slightly decreases the risk of DLBCL, and the patients have much favorable response rates.
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PMID:Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism in adult patients with lymphoproliferative disorders and its effect on chemotherapy. 1721 21

Telomere length based on terminal restriction fragment (TRF) assay was evaluated in cells of bone marrow, lymph node, or both from 53 non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients: 44 with follicular lymphoma (FL) and 9 with secondary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (S-DLBCL) to FL. The TRF data were correlated with BCL2 gene rearrangement evaluated by nested and long-distance polymerase chain reaction approaches. Peripheral blood cells from 12 healthy donors were studied as controls. Both groups of NHL patients revealed significant telomere shortening compared with controls (8.50 +/- 0.50 kb; P < 0.001), with significantly shorter TRFs in S-DLBCL (3.49 +/- 0.26 kb) than in FL cases (4.09 +/- 0.12 kb; P = 0.047). Patients carrying BCL2 gene rearrangements showed longer telomere length (4.19 +/- 0.14 kb) than those without (3.51 +/- 0.14 kb; P = 0.05). Among patients with FL, telomere length was shortest in patients without t(14;18), intermediate when breakpoints occurred in the minor breakpoint cluster region (3.97 +/- 0.33 kb), and greater when breakpoints occurred in the major breakpoint region (MBR) (4.24 +/- 0.15 kb), with significant differences between MBR and BCL2-negative cases (P = 0.033). Our findings support the existence of alternative genetic pathways involved in the origin of these FL subsets. Even though the number of S-DLBCL cases was small, they showed the shortest telomere length, suggesting that this parameter reflects another genetic alteration involved in the progression from FL to a higher-grade lymphoma.
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PMID:Association between telomere length and BCL2 gene rearrangements in low- and high-grade non-Hodgkin lymphomas. 1707 84

The non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) comprise a heterogeneous collection of lymphoproliferative malignancies, which are most common in people aged over 55 years. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of NHL, accounting for approximately 30% of all new patients. Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the second most common NHL sub-type, and accounts for a further 22% of cases. While the incidence of most other cancers is decreasing, that of NHL is increasing steadily. During the 1970's and 1980's, worldwide NHL incidence rose by 3-4% per year. This rise has slowed in the 1990's, but an annual increase of 1-2% is still being recorded. Over the last five years, the introduction of monoclonal antibodies, and specifically the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, rituximab, has radically changed treatment of B-cell NHL. Rituximab is a genetically engineered chimeric mouse/human monoclonal antibody which binds to the transmembrane antigen, CD20, a non-glycosylated phosphoprotein, located on pre-B and mature B lymphocytes. This antigen is expressed on over 95% of all B cell NHLs, and on normal B cells, but not on haematopoietic stem cells, normal or malignant plasma cells. The Fc domain of rituximab recruits immune effector functions to mediate B cell lysis. Possible mechanisms of cytotoxicity include complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) resulting from C1q binding, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) mediated by one or more of the Fcgamma receptors on the surface of granulocytes, macrophages and NK cells. It is also possible that the binding of rituximab to the CD20 antigen on the cell surface may directly induce apoptosis. For patients with both follicular and diffuse large B-cell NHL, several large scale prospective randomised trials have demonstrated prolongation of remission when rituximab is incorporated into first line treatment, and, in follicular lymphoma, as a component of salvage therapy. As a result of these studies, current European indications for rituximab include: the treatment of previously untreated patients with stage III-IV follicular lymphoma in combination with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone (CVP) chemotherapy; as maintenance therapy in patients with relapsed follicular lymphoma responding to induction therapy with chemotherapy or immuno-chemotherapy; the treatment of patients with diffuse large B cell NHL in combination with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (CHOP) chemotherapy. This paper examines the evidence supporting the use of rituximab in these settings, and places its use into the context of standard clinical practice.
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PMID:The therapeutic use of rituximab in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 1720 82

The stomach is the extranodal site most commonly involved by non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the most common histotype category arising in this organ. This is an aggressive lymphoma usually presenting as limited disease, being associated or not to Helicobacter pylori infection and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-type areas. Histopathological characteristics are similar to those reported for other diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. It occurs more frequently in males with a median age ranging between 50 and 60 years. With an adequate therapeutic strategy, its prognosis is good, with a 5-year overall survival near to 90%. Conservative treatment with anthracycline-containing chemotherapy, followed or not by involved-field radiotherapy has replaced gastrectomy as standard approach against this malignancy. Several questions on the best treatment remain unanswered. Among others, the role of rituximab, consolidation radiotherapy as well as of more conservative approaches like H. pylori-eradicating antibiotic therapy should be better defined.
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PMID:Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the stomach. 1733 19

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is one of the most common subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It is a heterogeneous disease, and a distinctive subgroup of patients with different treatment outcome can be identified based on clinical and molecular prognostic factors. Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) chemotherapy has been the standard systemic therapy for this disease with a cure rate of 40% to 50%, although, more recently, the addition of rituximab has been shown in phase III trials to confer a significant survival benefit in both older and younger patients. To further improve on the treatment outcome of this disease, dose-dense, and/or dose-intense regimens have been developed and tested against CHOP. However, these regimens are not yet accepted as standard therapy because of the increased toxicity as well as the uncertain benefit over CHOP with rituximab. In patients with localized DLBCL, available randomized trials suggest that radiation therapy improves local control and disease-free survival and that the addition of radiation therapy cannot replace inadequate chemotherapy.
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PMID:Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. 1759 63

We diagnosed an aggressive Non-Hodgkin-Lymphoma (diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, DLBCL) in a patient with a fast growing inguinal mass. Only one third of all suspicious inguinal lymph nodes that are investigated histologically are found to be malignant lymphoma. If so, an accurate histopathological evaluation of sufficient neoplastic tissue is critical. Prognosis in DLBCL is highly associated with the IPI score. Overall survival has been improved by the CHOP-R regimen established in 2002, with a disease-free survival exceeding 50%.
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PMID:[Inguinal swelling and ankle edema after inguinal hernia operation]. 1761 38

Dysregulation of the one-carbon metabolic pathway, which controls nucleotide synthesis and DNA methylation, may promote lymphomagenesis. We evaluated the association between polymorphisms in one-carbon metabolism genes and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in a population-based case-control study in Australia. Cases (n = 561) and controls (n = 506) were genotyped for 14 selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 10 genes (CBS, FPGS, FTHFD, MTHFR, MTHFS, MTR, SHMT1, SLC19A1, TCN1, and TYMS). We also conducted a meta-analysis of all studies of Caucasian populations investigating the association between MTHFR Ex5+79C > T (a.k.a., 677C>T) and NHL risk. A global test of 13 genotypes was statistically significant for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL; P = 0.008), but not for follicular lymphoma (FL; P = 0.27) or all NHL (P = 0.17). The T allele at MTHFR Ex5+79 was marginally significantly associated with all NHL (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.98-1.59) and DLBCL (1.36, 0.96-1.93). The T allele at TYMS Ex8+157 was associated with a reduced risk of FL (0.64, 0.46-0.91). An elevated risk of NHL was also observed among carriers of the G allele at FTHFD Ex21+31 (all NHL, 1.31, 1.02-1.69; DLBCL, 1.50, 1.05-2.14). A meta-analysis of 11 studies conducted in Caucasian populations of European origin (4,121 cases and 5,358 controls) supported an association between the MTHFR Ex5+79 T allele and increased NHL risk (additive model, P = 0.01). In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that genetic polymorphisms of one-carbon metabolism genes such as MTHFR and TYMS may influence susceptibility to NHL.
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PMID:One-carbon metabolism gene polymorphisms and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Australia. 1789


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