Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifteen primary intracranial reticulum cell sarcomas and five cases with an additional solitary extracranial tumor mass have been studied. For comparison, seven extracranial malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas and normal lymphoid tissue were included. The methods used on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections were an immunoperoxidase technique for the demonstration of intracellular immunoglobulins, microglial staining, Gomori's reticulin, methylgreen-pyronin, Giemsa, diastase resistant PAS, Mallory's PTAH and H&E. Electron microscopy was performed in one primary brain tumor. According to histopathologic criteria all tumors could be classified as malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas, predominantly of the pleomorphic immunocytic or of the immunoblastic type; follicular lymphomas were notably absent. In all cases intracellular immunoglobulins were demonstrable in tumor cells and in a majority of the tumors these were monoclonal. Thus, all malignant lymphomas proved to be of B cell origin with demonstrable cytoplasmic immunoglobulin production. Based on the microglial staining more than half of the malignant lymphomas could also be classified as microgliomas. As a comparable staining was present in non-Hodgkin lymphomas outside the CNS, microglioma characteristics are not associated with intracranial growth.
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PMID:Intracranial malignant lymphomas. A morphologic and immunocytologic study of twenty cases. 36 44

Since the recognition of Kaposi's sarcoma as a manifestation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, subsequent malignancies such as non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma and primary central nervous system lymphoma have been found to be associated with individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and current concepts of pathogenesis are reviewed in this article. In addition, the relation between HIV and other malignancies, including Hodgkin's lymphoma, T-cell lymphomas, and anorectal carcinoma, is discussed. In general, HIV-related malignancies are more aggressive, respond poorly to treatment, and are associated with an extremely high rate of mortality.
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PMID:HIV-related malignancies. 187 28

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare neoplasm, but it is occurring with increased frequency even among apparently immunocompetent patients. Although secondary malignancies frequently involve the lymphoreticular system, PCNSL has been reported as a second neoplasm only once previously. Seven patients are discussed who developed PCNSL after successful treatment for a prior neoplasm. The original cancer was colon (one), breast (one), thyroid (one), Hodgkin's disease (two), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (two). Patients with systemic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were thought to have a separate cerebral lymphoma on the basis of a prolonged disease-free interval from their systemic lymphoma, and the absence of systemic disease, when PCNSL was diagnosed and through subsequent follow-up. The PCNSL developed a median of 10 years after the diagnosis of the first tumor and 6 years after the last evidence of systemic disease. The diagnosis of PCNSL was often delayed because of confusion with brain metastases, and initial shrinkage or disappearance of the lesion after corticosteroids. Formation of PCNSL may be a consequence of treatment for the first malignancy, reflect an unidentified inherent predisposition to neoplastic transformation, or result from the changing epidemiology of PCNSL in the general population. These mechanisms are not mutually exclusive, and a single hypothesis cannot account for all these cases.
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PMID:Primary central nervous system lymphoma as a secondary malignancy. 199 9

From January 1979 to December 1987, 35 cases of primary central nervous system lymphoma (CNS-L) were treated. We recently reviewed these cases focusing on treatment results, treatment modalities, and radiotherapy (RT) or chemotherapy-radiotherapy (CT-RT). Variables such as age, risk factors, presenting symptoms, and histologic condition (all were high-grade or intermediate-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas [NHL]) and radiologic data were similar to those of series reported previously. The median survival time was 36 months (+/- 0.2 months) and the disease-free survival (DFS) time was 16 months (+/- 0.12 months). Twelve of 32 patients evaluable for treatment results experienced a recurrence (all but one occurred in the CNS). The DFS rate was 70% for the CT-RT group and 50% for the RT group (median follow-up time, 24 months). Therapeutic results in CNS-L are discussed with special emphasis on a putative role of CT in the management of this rare type of tumor.
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PMID:Primary lymphoma of the central nervous system. An unresolved therapeutic problem. 229 54

We identified 40 patients with malignant lymphoproliferative diseases (MLD) and HIV infection (seropositive) at a single Spanish university hospital. Thirty-two patients had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), 6 primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCL) and 8 patients Hodgkin's disease (HD). Median age at presentation was 32 years. Four histopathological groups had distinct presenting clinical features: in 93% of the Burkitt-type lymphomas, the lymphoma itself was the AIDS defining criterion, while high and intermediate grade NHL other than Burkitt-like tended to have a more advanced HIV infection, demonstrated by antecedent AIDS criteria in 58% of these patients and a median CD4 positive cell count of 291 mm3; HD occurred in some patients without previous opportunistic infections (7/8 patients) but with median CD4 cells of 105 mm3; PCL occurred in a terminal stage of HIV infection, in patients with a low performance status, and frequent antecedent AIDS criteria. Objective response to chemotherapy could be seen in 62% of NHL patients and 100% of HD. Survival was adversely related to an antecedent diagnosis of AIDS, low performance status, and a primary localization in the central nervous system. Overall median survival was 5 months, but patients without the mentioned three adverse prognostic factors had a median survival of 10 months.
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PMID:Malignant lymphoproliferative diseases in HIV-seropositive patients. A study of 40 cases at a single institution in Spain. 786 39

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with a wide spectrum of benign and malignant diseases. Recent additions to the list include oral hairy leukoplakia; a subset of Hodgkin's lymphomas, particularly those with mixed cellularity histology or those occurring in underdeveloped countries; a subset of diffuse large cell/immunoblastic lymphoma in the immunocompromised, particularly primary central nervous system lymphoma; a subset of peripheral T cell lymphomas; and a subset of gastric carcinomas, particularly undifferentiated carcinomas. There are several distinctive aspects of the biology of the virus that are important in investigations of virus in clinical specimens. The presence of repeated elements in the genome facilitates detection of viral nucleic acids by a variety of hybridization techniques as well as the characterization of the clonality of virus-infected tissues. Latent viral infection is associated with several different patterns of viral gene expression in infected cells. Latent gene products are important because of their growth-regulating and -transforming properties as well as the potent cytotoxic T cell response they elicit. The abundant expression of the EBER RNA transcripts makes possible the sensitive detection of latent infection in EBV-associated tumors. Lytic infection can be inhibited by antiviral nucleoside analogues. Two lytic gene products are of special interest because of their homology to the cellular proteins BCL-2 and interleukin-10. Two viral biotypes or strains with different properties in terms of lymphocyte immortalization and transformation have recently been characterized. Current evidence suggests a differential biotype association with particular malignancies. Characterization of the association of EBV with various disease processes promises to be important for diagnosis and treatment as well as for a better understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of these diabetes.
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PMID:Detection and characterization of Epstein-Barr virus in clinical specimens. 805 85

We analyzed the series of 40 malignant lymphoproliferative diseases (MLD) in HIV positive patients, diagnosed between 1986 and 1993 in a University Hospital in Spain. Median age was 32 years. 52% of the patients belonged to the intravenous drug users risk group, and 30% were homosexual. 26 patients were diagnosed of a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), 8 of Hodgkin's disease (HD) and 6 of a primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCL). The 6 patients with a PCL (median CD4 of 20 cells/mm3, 80% antecedent AIDS criteria) and 13 NHL with histology of immunoblastic, large cell, plasmablastic, and high grade lymphoma non-otherwise specified (median CD4 of 291, 58% with AIDS criteria) tended to appear in patients with a deteriorated clinical and immunological status due to the underlying HIV infection. However, the 14 small non-cleaved cell NHLs appeared in patients without a previous AIDS-defining condition (93% of the cases, p = 0.065 compared with other NHL histologies). Finally, 8 patients with HD had a low CD4 cell count (median 103 cells/mm3, p = 0.049 compared with median CD4 in NHL patients) without other previous AIDS criteria. In conclusion, The presenting characteristics of HIV positive patients with MLD allows to define four subgroups of patients with a high clinicopathological correlation.
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PMID:[Initial clinicopathological manifestations of malignant lymphoproliferative processes in patients with human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity. Study of 40 cases]. 806 Nov 35

Infection with HIV is associated with an increased risk of systemic and primary central nervous system non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Patients with systemic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma usually present with high- or intermediate-grade histology and extranodal dissemination. Although the prognosis for such patients is poor, some patients clearly benefit from combination chemotherapy, and several new treatment approaches appear promising. Primary central nervous system lymphoma usually occurs in patients with more profound immunosuppression and is associated with a dismal prognosis. Selected patients with good performance status may benefit from therapy, particularly if opportunistic infections have been few and nondebilitating. Finally, Hodgkin's disease has been reported in patients with HIV infection, particularly in patients with a history of intravenous drug use, and it is more likely to present with advanced-stage disease and unfavorable histology.
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PMID:Treatment of AIDS-related lymphomas. 854 90

A case of primary intracerebral non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a 67-yr-old immunocompetent female is presented. The histopathological diagnosis was supported by immunohistochemical, flow cytometric and electron microscopic findings, and by clinical staging. This tumor is unusual in its morphological features of a low grade, small lymphocytic lymphoma with plasmacytoid differentiation (Working Formulation Classification), and its association with extensive, local, extracellular, proteinaceous deposits. Primary central nervous system non-Hodgkin's lymphomas are briefly discussed and it is postulated that the extracellular proteinaceous deposits in this case originated from immunoglobulins secreted by the neoplastic cells. To our knowledge the massive degree of local immunoglobulin deposition present in this primary central nervous system lymphoma has not been previously reported in the literature.
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PMID:Primary intracerebral small lymphocytic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with plasmacytoid differentiation, associated with prominent extracellular proteinaceous deposits. 871 83

Human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) has been proposed as a pathogenetic factor for immunosuppression-associated primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). To verify this hypothesis, HHV-8 infection was investigated in 31 persons with PCNSL (16 AIDS-related, 15 AIDS-unrelated) and in 30 persons with systemic B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (B-NHL; 15 AIDS-related, 15 AIDS-unrelated). All subjects with PCNSL scored negative by single-step polymerase chain reaction (PCR), suggesting a tumor virus load of <100 viral copies/200,000 human haploid genome equivalents (HHGE). By applying Poisson assumptions to nested PCR, 16 of 31 persons with PCNSL were devoid of HHV-8 sequences: 1 subject with AIDS and PCNSL had 1-100 viral copies/200,000 HHGE, and 14 with PCNSL had <1 viral copy/200,000 HHGE. Similarly, 10 of 30 persons with systemic B-NHL were devoid of HHV-8 sequences; 20 had <1 viral copy/200,000 HHGE. The extremely low levels of infection rule out a role of HHV-8 in PCNSL pathogenesis and are consistent with HHV-8 infection of bystander cells contaminating the tumor clone.
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PMID:Analysis of human herpesvirus type 8 infection in AIDS-related and AIDS-unrelated primary central nervous system lymphoma. 946 54


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