Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

For blood progenitor cell (BPC) mobilization, standard-dose VIP chemotherapy consisting of etoposide, ifosfamide and cisplatin has previously shown effective tumor reduction in solid tumor patients and sufficient progenitor cell mobilization for autologous blood cell transplantation. Mobilization chemotherapy regimens in multiple myeloma (MM) predominantly consist of melphalan or cyclophosphamide that induce marked cytopenia and considerable variability of progenitor cell collection. We studied whether in MM (n = 13), BPCs were efficiently and reproducibly mobilized with etoposide (500 mg/m2) and ifosfamide (1500 mg/m2), followed by daily s.c. G-CSF (5 micrograms/kg). In parallel, patients with solid tumors or non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (n = 28) treated with etoposide (500 mg/m2), ifosfamide (1500 mg/m2) and cisplatin (150 mg/m2) and identical dosing of G-CSF were analyzed. Before chemotherapy (day 0), on day 7 after chemotherapy and on days of leukapheresis (day 9-14), leukocyte numbers, mononuclear cells (MNCs), CD34+ cells and coexpression of lineage markers were analyzed. Median blood leukocyte numbers were 28,100/microliters (range, 19,600-40,400) on day 10 in myeloma patients and progressively declined over the next 4 days. In contrast, in solid tumor and lymphoma patients leukocyte numbers constantly increased from a median of 12,400/microliters (range, 6000-22,000) to 30,000/microliters (range, 16,300-63,300) between day 10 and day 13 after chemotherapy. Similar to leukocyte counts, median MNC numbers decreased in myeloma patients with successive leukaphereses, but steadily increased in solid tumor and lymphoma patients over the same period. CD34+ cell numbers in the blood peaked between day 9 and 11 (median: 40/microliters) in myeloma patients and then declined. In the solid tumor and lymphoma group, median CD34+ counts in the blood peaked on day 12 after mobilization chemotherapy (median: 100/microliters). The median CD34+ yield per leukapheresis in the myeloma group was 2.2 x 10(6)/kg (range, 1.5-4.7) on day 10, and fell steadily to 0.95 x 10(6)/kg on day 12, whereas in solid tumor/NHL patients median CD34+ cell yields remained between 3.5 and 3.7 x 10(6)/kg from day 10 to day 12 after mobilization chemotherapy (P < 0.001). To obtain sufficient cell numbers for engraftment a median of 2 (range, 1-3) mobilization chemotherapy cycles were needed in MM compared to 1 (range, 1-10) in solid tumor or lymphoma patients, with a median of 5 (range, 2-8) leukaphereses in MM compared to 1 (range, 1-10) (P < 0.05). Taken together, we found that for patients with MM, VP16 and ifosfamide efficiently and predictably mobilizes progenitor cells into the PB with > or = 3 x 10(6)/kg CD34+ cells collected after one to two mobilization chemotherapy cycles.
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PMID:Blood progenitor cell (BPC) mobilization studied in multiple myeloma, solid tumor and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients after combination chemotherapy and G-CSF. 918 98

Cytogenetic aberrations resulting in deletion of 3p are common in solid tumors, indicating the presence of tumor suppressor genes (TSG) on this chromosome arm. The present study was undertaken to investigate 3p loss in hematologic disorders. Ten acute myeloid leukemias (AML), two myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), one Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), three acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL), one chronic lymphoproliferative disorder (CLD), and three non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) with abnormalities leading to 3p deletions were identified, constituting 2.9% of AML, 0.7% of MDS, 1.0% of CML with changes in addition to t(9;22), 1.5% of ALL, 4.2% of CLD, and 1.1% of NHL with cytogenetic abnormalities analyzed at our Department. Among 19042 karyotypically aberrant published cases, 1.2% of 6260 AML, 1.3% of 2285 MDS, 0.8% of 840 chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMD), 0.7% of 1894 CML with additional aberrations to t(9;22), 0.6% of 3589 ALL 2.4% of 1602 CLD, 4.5% of 178 Hodgkin disease (HD), and 3.1% of 2394 NHL displayed partial loss of 3p (0.6-4.5%; P < 0.001); the majority occurring together with other abnormalities. The frequencies of 3p loss did not differ significantly among the MDS, ALL, and CLD morphologic subgroups, between B and T cell ALL, CLD, and NHL, among low-, intermediate-, and high-grade NHL, or between therapy-related MDS and de novo MDS, whereas the incidence of 3p deletions was higher in treatment-associated AML (P < 0.001) than in de novo AML and varied among the AML FAB groups (P < 0.001). The most frequently deleted chromosome bands were 3p25 in AML, 3p26 in MDS, 3p14 in CMD, 3p25, 3p23, and 3p21 in CML, 3p26 and 3p25 in ALL, 3p26 and 3p25 in CLD, 3p26 in HD, and 3p26 in NHL. These deletion hot spots are more distal than those reported in most solid tumor types, suggesting that different TSG are involved in hematologic malignancies and solid neoplasms.
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PMID:Deletion of chromosome arm 3p in hematologic malignancies. 926 71

We have identified the CD95 system as a key mediator of chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in leukemia and neuroblastoma cells. Here, we report that sensitivity of various solid tumor cell lines for drug-induced cell death corresponds to activation of the CD95 system. Upon drug treatment, strong induction of CD95 ligand (CD95-L) and caspase activity were found in chemosensitive tumor cells (Hodgkin, Ewing's sarcoma, colon carcinoma and small cell lung carcinoma) but not in tumor cells which responded poorly to drug treatment (breast carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma). Blockade of CD95 using F(ab')2 anti-CD95 antibody fragments markedly reduced drug-induced apoptosis, suggesting that drug-triggered apoptosis depended on CD95-L/receptor interaction. Moreover, drug treatment induced CD95 expression, thereby increasing sensitivity for CD95-induced apoptosis. Drug-induced apoptosis critically depended on activation of caspases (ICE/Ced-3-like proteases) since the broad-spectrum inhibitor of caspases zVAD-fmk strongly reduced drug-mediated apoptosis. The prototype substrate of caspases, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, was cleaved upon drug treatment, suggesting that CD95-L triggered autocrine/paracrine death via activation of caspases. Our data suggest that chemosensitivity of solid tumor cells depends on intact apoptosis pathways involving activation of the CD95 system and processing of caspases. Our findings may have important implications for new treatment approaches to increase sensitivity and to overcome resistance of solid tumors.
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PMID:Chemosensitivity of solid tumor cells in vitro is related to activation of the CD95 system. 953 69

A 77-year-old man presented with a 2-week history of a painless lump in the left groin. He underwent left radical orchiectomy under a diagnosis of left spermatic cord tumor. The specimen revealed a 5 x 3 cm solid tumor arising in the spermatic cord at the level of the symphysis pubis. On microscopic examination, the tumor was classified as a diffuse, large cell non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma in the Working Formulation, involving a small portion of the upper pole of the left testis. Immunohistochemical stains were positive for LCA and L26. Gallium scan showed increased activity along the left testicular artery in the abdomen. The patient underwent 6 cycles of chemotherapy consisting of cyclophosphamide, vindesine, pirarubicin, prednisone and subsequently the addition of etoposide, which resulted in only temporary improvement. He died with extensive disease 10 months after surgery.
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PMID:[Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the spermatic cord: a case report]. 971 45

Although the first radiation-induced solid tumor was reported as early as 1902, the risk of second tumor has been underestimated by radiation oncologists who treated large numbers of patients with either benign or malignant diseases. Since then, numerous epidemiological studies yielded better knowledge of the risks of radiation-induced malignancies. For instance, radiation-induced tumors are the first cause of death 10 years after treatment for Hodgkin's disease. We present here a literature review of the risks of radiation-tumors in various organs, related to the irradiation dose, age, and associated diseases. The most sensitive organs are the thyroid, central nervous system, breast, bone, and lung, especially in smokers. Higher risks are observed with increasing doses, the shape of the dose-response curve depending on the tumor type, when the irradiation is performed in children or young adults and in patients with retinoblastomas. The risk of radiation-induced tumors should lead the radiation oncology committee to reconsider the dose and technique of irradiation and to reduce the use of ionizing radiation in benign diseases.
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PMID:[Radiotherapy-induced solid tumors: review of the literature and risk assessment]. 974 91

We report a rare complication of a secondary malignant solid tumor in two patients with non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma who developed lung adenocarcinoma after treatments with combination chemotherapies. The first was a case of primary malignant lymphoma of the cervical spinal cord which had been previously treated with radiation to the spinal lesion and combination chemotherapies and entered complete remission. The patient was further treated for relapse with autologous bone marrow transplantation preconditioned with high-dose chemotherapy. Lung adenocarcinoma developed 5.5 years after the initial diagnosis. The second case of malignant lymphoma of lymph nodes did not respond to conventional combination chemotherapies and did not enter remission. Lung adenocarcinoma developed 1 year after the initial diagnosis. The two patients died of lung carcinoma. The clinical profiles of these cases are presented and the causal relationship of primary malignant neoplasms to the second malignant neoplasms is discussed.
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PMID:Second lung adenocarcinoma after combination chemotherapy in two patients with primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 1034 48

Today the majority of children and adolescents diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma will enjoy long-term disease-free survival. As a result, contemporary treatment strategies have focused on reducing therapy for patients with favorable disease presentations and reserved aggressive treatment modalities for patients with relapsed or refractory disease. The desire to avoid late treatment toxicity has prompted refinements in therapy designed to reduce growth impairment, second malignancy, and life-threatening organ dysfunction in long-term survivors. Treatment with radiation therapy alone is recommended only for older patients with localized disease who have achieved skeletal maturity, but requires surgical staging and places greater volumes of normal tissues at risk for late carcinogenesis. Treatment with chemotherapy alone avoids the long-term growth, organ dysfunction, and solid tumor induction associated with high-dose, extended-field radiation. However, these protocols prescribe higher cumulative doses of alkylating agent chemotherapy, which may increase the risk of treatment complications from myelosuppression, gonadal injury, and secondary leukemia. Combined modality therapy regimens have resulted in excellent treatment outcomes and reduced the incidence of treatment sequelae by utilizing lower doses and smaller volumes of radiation therapy and fewer cycles of less toxic chemotherapy in clinically staged children. Risk-adapted therapies using two to four cycles of multiagent chemotherapy and lower radiation doses and volumes have maintained excellent disease-free survival rates in clinically staged patients with localized favorable disease presentations. Novel approaches including compacted dose-intensive multiagent chemotherapy are currently under investigation with the objectives of improving outcome and reducing treatment sequelae in patients with advanced and unfavorable disease.
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PMID:Treatment of pediatric Hodgkin's lymphoma. 1046 31

We herein report a case of renal cell carcinoma coexisting with malignant lymphoma. A 69-year-old male complained of an obstruction of the right nasal cavity due to a solid tumor in the paranasal sinuses. A biopsy of the tumor revealed diffuse, large cell and B cell type non-Hodgkin lymphoma. At the same time, just before the patient was scheduled to receive therapy, a left renal cell carcinoma was found. He therefore underwent a left radical nephrectomy.
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PMID:[Renal cell carcinoma in a patient with malignant lymphoma: a case report]. 1065 19

We report the results of PBPC collection by large-volume leukaphereses and the hematologic recovery after high-dose chemotherapy supported by autologous PBPC reinfusion in a series of cancer patients treated at the Hematological Intensive Care Unit (UCHI) (Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Lisbon). Large volume leukaphereses were used to increase the efficacy of the PBPC collection. This modification of the standard apheresis technique allowed the harvesting, in only one session, of enough progenitors to proceed to transplantation in nearly 2/3 of patients and without significant toxicity. From December 1993 until September 1997, 95 autologous PBSC transplants were performed at the UCHI; 45% were performed in solid tumor patients and 55% in patients with hematologic malignancies. Hematologic recovery was similar to that published in the literature and related to the number of CD34+ cells infused. Patients supported with bone marrow in addition to PBPC showed delayed hematopoietic recovery, probably because the bone marrow harvest was only performed when an insufficient number of PBPC had been collected (2 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/Kg). The speed of hematological recovery differed per diagnosis, being higher in multiple myeloma and solid tumor patients and lower in Hodgkin's disease patients.
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PMID:[The use of peripheral blood progenitor cells as an autologous hematopoietic support in high-dose chemotherapy. II. The experience of the Hematological Intensive Care Unit of the IPOFG. Franciso Gentil Portuguese Institute of Oncology]. 1070 65

Midkine (MK) was originally cloned as a product of a retinoic acid-responsive gene. The rationale for studying MK expression is based on previous reports showing that it transforms 3T3 cells, and that it acts as an autocrine growth factor in Wilm's tumors, and that its overexpression has been associated with worse outcome in bladder carcinoma. Besides bladder carcinoma, its expression was reported in various solid tumors. We investigated the expression of MK protein and/or MK gene in biopsied specimens from 40 patients with primary malignant lymphoma, 21 with Hodgkin's disease (HD) and 19 with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Reed-Sternberg (R-S) cells were stained positive in 10 of 16 HD cases evaluated by immunohistochemical method, whereas 18 of 19 NHL cases did not stain, and one B-cell NHL stained weakly positive. Immunostaining analysis was extended to established cell lines and to normal lymphocytes with or without lectin stimulation or with EB virus transformation. Among hematopoietic cells examined, erythro- or megakaryoblastic leukemia cell lines (K562, MEG-01 and UT7) were positive, while normal lymphocytes (except the EB virus-transformed one) and most myeloid and lymphoid cell lines (except Raji cells) were negative. On the contrary, solid tumor cell lines showed high and strongly positive staining including cell lines derived from of lung gastric, colon, and a pancreatic cancer. Using semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), which is suitable for the detection of weakly expressed mRNA, the relative ratio of MK mRNA to beta-actin mRNA of samples was measured and compared in cases where RNA was available. The mean values of relative ratio (MK/beta-actin) of HD were almost twice as those of NHL samples, peripheral blood T cells, and spleen B cells. Our findings showed that MK is expressed in Reed-Sternberg cells of HD, and that MK might play a role in the pathogenesis of HD.
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PMID:Midkine expression in Reed-Sternberg cells of Hodgkin's disease. 1075 93


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