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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Data on the incidence of childhood cancer in Queensland during the 10-year period 1979-88 are presented. During this period, 786 cases were registered. The average annual crude and age-standardized (to the world population) incidence rates for both sexes were 12.63 and 13.30 per 100,000 respectively. The incidence of cancer in males is unusually high, as is the sex ratio of 1.57. ALL accounted for 78% of all leukaemias. There appears to have been a decline in the incidence of Hodgkin's disease, especially in older children, compared with an earlier Queensland series. Ewing's tumour remains commoner than osteosarcoma. Some modifications to the classification scheme for childhood cancer are proposed. The most important of these is the omission of Langerhans-cell histiocytosis, which is not now regarded as a neoplasm.
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PMID:Childhood cancer incidence in Queensland, 1979-88. 235 80

The International Agency for Research on Cancer has coordinated a worldwide study of childhood cancer incidence, with data provided by contributors from over 50 countries. We present here the results on lymphomas from this study and other sources. Hodgkin's disease had a relatively high incidence in North Africa and West Asia and a low incidence throughout East Asia. In populations of predominantly European origin, the highest rates tended to be in warmer countries of lower latitude. In industrialised Western countries, the incidence increased steeply with age and was low in childhood compared with that in young adults whereas elsewhere the increase in incidence between childhood and adults aged 20-34 was much less marked. The age-distribution of Hodgkin's disease in childhood appears to be related to levels of socio-economic development but the total incidence seems to be determined more by ethnic and environmental factors. The highest incidence of Burkitt's lymphoma occurred in tropical Africa and Papua New Guinea. Elsewhere, Burkitt's lymphoma was rare, though the incidence was higher in Spain, North Africa and the Middle East than in other areas. In most Western countries, a third of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas may be Burkitt's. There was no consistent pattern in the incidence of other non-Hodgkin lymphomas except for a tendency towards higher rates around the Mediterranean and in some Latin American registries.
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PMID:International variations in the incidence of childhood lymphomas. 237 49

Among a cohort of 10,106 three-year survivors of childhood cancer, 90 second primary tumours (SPTs) were observed. Within 25 years of 3-year survival about 4% developed a SPT, about 6-fold expected, the relative risk not varying much with increasing follow-up. Following genetic retinoblastoma we observed 30-fold the expected number of SPTs, and over 400-fold the expected number of osteosarcomas. The risk of SPT in the absence of radiotherapy and chemotherapy (inherent risk) following genetic retinoblastoma was 13-fold expected and over 200-fold the expected number of osteosarcomas were observed. There was evidence that both radiotherapy and cyclophosphamide were associated with an increased risk of SPT. After all first primary tumours (FPTs) excluding retinoblastoma we observed almost 5-fold the expected number of SPTs. The inherent risk was 4-fold expected, the relative risks associated with radiotherapy but no chemotherapy, and both radiotherapy and chemotherapy were 6- and 9-fold expected respectively. There were about 20-fold the number of malignant bone tumours expected, most were osteosarcoma; also 7-fold the number of central nervous system tumours expected. There were 8 basal cell carcinomas and it seems likely that radiotherapy was involved in the development of some of these. Radiotherapy appears to have been involved in the development of many of the SPTs observed following all FPTs excluding retinoblastoma, particularly after CNS tumours, Wilms' tumour and Hodgkin's disease. Currently there is insufficient follow-up to examine the risk following chemotherapy. After acute leukaemia there was 20-fold the expected number of central nervous system tumours, though this is based on only 3 cases; whether therapy is directly involved in their development is uncertain. The risks we report are rarely greater than those reported in previous large-scale studies; in most instances they are substantially less. It is very unlikely that many SPTs were missed with our follow-up system so alternative explanations require further investigation; in particular it is possible the lower risks in our data compared to series treated in the United States may be explained, in part, by less combination therapy and lower doses of radiotherapy.
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PMID:Incidence of second primary tumours among childhood cancer survivors. 282 73

Survival from cancer of children whose cancer was diagnosed during the 30 years 1954-83 was analysed. The study was population based with nearly 3000 cases covering about 30 million child years at risk. When survival during the three decades 1954-63, 1964-73, and 1974-83 was compared striking improvements were observed. For all childhood cancer five year survival increased from 21% in the first decade to 49% in the third decade. During the first and third decades five year survival rates for acute lymphocytic leukaemia increased from 2% to 47%, Hodgkin's disease from 44% to 91%, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma from 18% to 45%, Wilms's tumour from 31% to 85%, and germ cell tumours from 10% to 64%. Twenty patients developed second primary tumours, but otherwise there were few late deaths. Less than 1% of children who survived without a relapse for 10 years subsequently died of their initial cancer. Survival from childhood cancer is no longer rare, and people who have been cured of cancer during childhood should be accepted as normal members of society.
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PMID:Improvements in survival from childhood cancer: results of a population based survey over 30 years. 284 Jan 71

In a case-control study of childhood cancer a dose-response relationship was found between the number of cigarettes smoked per day by the mother during pregnancy and cancer risk in the offspring. When all tumour sites were considered the cancer risk was 50% higher for the most exposed group than for the controls. The risk was doubled for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, and Wilms' tumour. These findings provide further evidence for the harmful effects of cigarette smoke on the growing fetus.
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PMID:Maternal smoking during pregnancy and risk of childhood cancer. 287 71

This paper presents an update from the Late Effects Study Group on 292 cases of second malignant neoplasms (SMN) occurring in individuals who were diagnosed with their first neoplasm in childhood. Data are presented regarding the types of first and second neoplasm, the therapy administered, and the predisposing factors. Of the 292 cases (308 SMN), the most common primary was retinoblastoma followed by Hodgkin's disease, soft-tissue sarcomas, and Wilms' tumor. This is not similar to the relative frequency of these cancers in children but rather reflects specific risk factors. Bone sarcomas were the most common SMN among the 208 SMN developing in previously irradiated sites while acute leukemia was the most common SMN unassociated with radiation. Known predisposing conditions to cancer were present in 73 cases; retinoblastoma was the most common of these, followed by neurofibromatosis. There were ten patients with three and three patients with four malignant neoplasms. In 14 patients, the cause of SMN was not suggested by known risk factors as these patients had negative family histories and received no radiation or chemotherapy. We note, therefore, that although most cases of SMN in survivors of childhood cancer can be attributed to radiation, genetic disease, chemotherapy, or combinations of these, unrecognized predisposition or chance may also play a role.
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PMID:Second malignant neoplasms in children: an update from the Late Effects Study Group. 298 46

Modern multidisciplinary treatment of childhood cancer has made extent of disease evaluation important for proper treatment planning. Accurate staging is essential to cooperative group studies and for comparing treatment modalities at different centers. Operative staging plays an important role where clinical or imaging methods are limited, as in abdominal Hodgkin's disease or regional nodal metastasis. Operative staging is carried out either as a special diagnostic procedure, as in lymphoma, or as part of a planned surgical resection of a solid tumor. For lymphomas: Operative staging of abdominal Hodgkin's disease is required where protocols include involved field irradiation and sparing of normal growing tissue in the child. In non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, bulky abdominal tumor may be surgically evaluated after intensive chemotherapy either in delayed primary surgery or in second look procedures. Residual tumor may be excised or tagged with clips for localized irradiation to the tumor sparing normal abdominal organs. For solid tumors: During surgical resection of neuroblastoma, Wilms' tumor and rhabdomyosarcoma, the correct procedure involves regional staging either by formal node dissections or by multiple biopsies to determine extent of spread. Regional node dissections are often part of a correct cancer operation for cure, but also give staging information unobtainable by other methods. The surgeon must plan every procedure carefully with the aim of curing the patient and also deriving maximum information from the operation to enable correct planning of further treatment.
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PMID:The objectives and importance of operative staging of children with cancer. 301 92

To evaluate the outcome of pregnancies occurring after the completion of treatment for Hodgkin's disease in children or adolescents, questionnaires were sent to 93 former patients diagnosed after January 1, 1960, who were currently 18 or more years of age and 5 or more years from the date of diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease. Forty-eight pregnancies were reported by twenty-two of the former patients or their spouses. Fifteen female patients had thirty-three pregnancies, of which three were electively terminated, two aborted spontaneously, four were stillborn, and twenty-four resulted in the birth of full-term infants, one of whom was small for gestational age. The spouses of seven male patients reported 14 pregnancies, of which two aborted spontaneously, three are in gestation, and nine resulted in the birth of full-term infants. Congenital anomalies were diagnosed in 9% (3/33) of the liveborn offspring, a frequency similar to that reported for the general population. The reported anomalies included lacrimal duct blockage, hydrocele, and ventricular septal defect. None of these children has been diagnosed with any type of childhood cancer.
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PMID:Pregnancy outcome following treatment during childhood or adolescence for Hodgkin's disease. 315 72

The medical records of 973 previously untreated patients diagnosed between January 1960 and December 31, 1978 with childhood cancer were reviewed. Siblings in 13 families were diagnosed with cancer 9/12 to 15 years after the diagnosis of cancer in the index sibling. Previously unreported association of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with Hodgkin's disease, neuroblastoma with malignant hemangiopericytoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with malignant melanoma, Wilms' tumor with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease with malignant teratoma of the testis and craniopharyngioma with acute myeloblastic leukemia were identified. Two families appeared to transmit a predisposition to childhood tumors. The data from these families extend previous observations regarding multiple cases of cancer in sibships.
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PMID:Childhood cancer in siblings. 315 35

Trends in the incidence of childhood cancer in Connecticut are reported and analyzed for the period 1935-1979 by 5-year age groups (0-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-19 years), using a log linear model method. A threefold increase (P less than .001) in the incidence of ALL in males 0-4 years of age was observed, with significant increases of smaller magnitude seen in males aged 5-9 and 15-19 and females aged 0-4 and 5-9. The incidence of central nervous system cancers also increased in several age groups for both sexes with the largest increase seen in males 0-4 years old. Significant increases in incidence of large magnitude were also observed for Hodgkin's disease, in males aged 15-19 years and females aged 10-19 years, for neuroblastoma in both sexes at ages 0-4 years, and for testis and ovarian cancer at ages 15-19 years. This study of trends in incidence of childhood cancers by 5-year age groups has revealed significant changes, which would not have been as apparent if broader age groups had been used. These results provide relevant data for investigating the etiology of cancer during infancy, childhood, and adolescence. Trends in Connecticut are compared with findings from other registries in the United States and other countries.
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PMID:Trends in the incidence of childhood and adolescent cancer in Connecticut, 1935-1979. 335 39


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