Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The frequency of involvement of the nervous system (NS) among 266 patients seen at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, with a diagnosis of malignant lymphoproliferative diseases (MLPD) was determined. Only one of these patients who had a solitary spinal-cord involvement by Hodgkin's disease (HD) was considered to have primary lymphoma of NS. In all other cases, NS was only secondarily involved by MLPD. This was most commonly observed in association with Burkitt's lymphoma and occurred in 49.3 and 67% of such patients who were previously untreated or previously treated, respectively. Nervous system (NS) involvement at presentation was much less commonly observed in non-Hodgkin's (NHL), HD and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) at the rate of 6.7, 4.4 and 0% respectively of previously untreated patients. The NS was the site of relapse in 63.6, 43, 12.5 and 0% in BL, ALL, NHL and HD, respectively. Intra-cranial NS disease was identified as a poor prognostic feature as this was associated with a reduction of the probability of prolonged survival from 48% to less than 20% among patients with intra-cranial and/or extra-cranial disease in BL. Management of MLPD with high rate of NS involvement should include effective delivery of chemotherapy into CFS, both by direct injection intrathecally and through filtration across the blood-brain barrier following high-dose intravenous injection of agents like methotrexate or cytosine arabinoside.
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PMID:Management of malignant lymphoproliferative disorders of the nervous system. 609 82

Between 1970 and 1978 33 children with Non-Hodgkin-lymphomas at the age of 2-15 years were treated at the university children's hospital of Jena. 27 patients showed the first appearance of the disease, 6 patients had already been treated in other hospitals and were admitted with relapses. The biopsy material was classified or re-classified after the Kiel-classification. Beside the histological classification the surface markers of the malignant cells of NHL-patients were determined. 20 of 33 children were already in stage IV (Ann-Arbor-classification). Among our patients were 6 lymphoblastic NHL of Brukitt type, 10 of the convoluted cell type and 16 unclassified and one lymphoblastic lymphoma. The main localization of the NHL were mediastinum [15] and the gastrointestinal tract [10]. The therapy consisted of irradiation and chemotherapy (2 protocols) and, in case of an abdominal localization, in the attempt at a radical operation. Patients of stage I and stage II showed a complete remission rate of 50 per cent for 3 years; patients of stages III and IV of 20 per cent only. NHL of the convoluted cell type and of the Burkitt-type proved to have worse three-year-remission rates (16 per cent and 27 per cent) than unclassified lymphoblastic NHL (42 per cent).
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PMID:[Juvenile malignant lymphomas. 2 Non-Hodgkin lymphomas]. 616 13

A panel of monoclonal and heterologous antibodies directed against clearly defined antigens was used to characterize the cellular composition of 57 non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, classified according to the Kiel classification, with a slight modification. The antisera were directed against T-lymphocytes and their subsets (Leu1, Leu2a, Leu3a, TA1), B-lymphocytes and their subsets (BA1, BA2, HLA-DR, CR1, sIg), macrophages (TA1, OKM1, anti-human monocyte 1, HLA-DR, CR1), dendritic reticulum cells (CR1, BA2, HLA-DR), interdigitating reticulum cells (HLA-DR, BA1) and Langerhans cells (OKT6, NA1/34). On the basis of the staining pattern of the neoplastic cells with the antibodies used and the nature and number of admixed cells, in particular T-cell subsets, dendritic reticulum cells and macrophages, the NHL could be divided into groups which correspond to the different diagnostic categories of the Kiel classification. Furthermore, the results underlined the existence of intermediate lymphocytic lymphoma as a separate diagnostic category. Histogenetically, the marker pattern of the neoplastic cells and the number and arrangement of the admixed cells are consistent with the view that at least two different lines of B-cell lymphomas can be recognized. One is related to the germinal centre cell reaction (to which B-lymphoblastic (Burkitt type), centroblastic, centroblastic/centrocytic, centrocytic, and intermediate lymphocytic lymphoma, and polymorphic immunocytoma belong) and the other is related to the plasma cell reaction (including chronic lymphocytic leucaemia and lymphoplasmacytoid immunocytoma), whereas B-immunoblastic lymphoma can originate from either line. Thus, polymorphic immunocytoma is a follicle centre cell lymphoma with differentiation into plasma cells rather than a lymphoplasmacytoid immunocytoma with blastic cells.
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PMID:Characterization of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. A study using a panel of monoclonal and heterologous antibodies. 619 5

The authors used E-rosette formation and OKT3 reactivity to determine the percent of T-cells in lymph nodes involved by B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (B-NHL) and by Hodgkin's disease (HD). The percent of helper and suppressor/cytotoxic T-cells was determined by reactivity with OKT4 and OKT8, respectively. T-cells were also analyzed for two signs of activation: acquisition of Ia antigens and loss of acid a-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) activity. The results were compared with those of lymph nodes exhibiting benign lymphoid hyperplasia (BLH). The percentage of T-cells ranged from 50% to 82%, mean 63 +/- 13%, in 25 cases of BLH, and from 6% to 62%, mean 23 +/- 11%, in 51 cases of B-NHL. The OKT4/T8 ratio was 1.0 to 6.2, mean 3.4 +/- 2.2, in the cases of BLH, and 0.5 to 5.1, mean 2.4 +/- 1.3, in the cases of B-NHL. There was no obvious or significant correlation between the percent of T-cells or the OKT4/T8 ratio and the surface immunoglobulin isotype expressed by the neoplastic B-cells, the morphologic category of B-NHL, or the clinical stage of disease. Activated T-cells were less than or equal to 3% in the cases of BLH and B-NHL. Fifteen lymph nodes involved by HD contained 44% to 96%, mean 74%, E+ (T) cells. Five of these 15 cases contained a significant number of E-OKT3+ cells suggesting that E-rosette formation is not always a reliable T-cell marker in HD. Three other cases contained a large number of E+OKT3- cells. The OKT4/T8 ratio ranged from 0.4 to 21.7, mean 6.7 +/- 5.3, in these cases, representing the most significant T-cell subset imbalances in this series. Large numbers of Ia+E+ and/or E+ANAE- cells, presumably activated T-cells, were present in 7 of these 15 cases of HD. These studies demonstrate the wide variation in the percent of T-cells and in the T-cell subset distribution in lymph nodes exhibiting benign lymphoid hyperplasia and in lymph nodes involved by B-cell-derived non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and Hodgkin's disease.
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PMID:T-lymphocyte subpopulations in B-cell-derived non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and Hodgkin's disease. 623 82

Malignant and non-neoplastic cells in 38 cases of highly malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas: 3 centrocytic anaplastic, 18 centroblastic, 13 immunoblastic and 4 lymphoblastic (according to the Kiel classification) were immunophenotyped in cryosections and cell suspensions by means of monoclonal antibodies. Additionally, cell cycle analysis on cell suspensions was performed by DNA flow cytofluorometry. In 33 (87%) lymphomas the malignant cells expressed monoclonal surface immunoglobulin (Ig), which indicated B-cell origin of tumors. In 7 of the 19 B-cell lymphomas tested by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method, cytoplasmic Ig was found. Four lymphomas were of T-cell and one of non-B/non-T-cell origin. In II B-cell and 2 lymphoblastic non-B-cell tumors, common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA) was found. In 25 of 30 studied NHL the malignant cells expressed receptor for transferrin and in 19 of 28 cases a high percentage of cells in S-phase (greater than 10.85%) was found. Number and distribution as well as type of non-B-cells infiltrating B-cell-derived lymphomas varied considerably from case to case. Among these cells Leu 3+ (T helper/inducer) cells predominated. Leu 2+ (T suppressor/cytotoxic) and Leu 7+ (natural killer and killer) cells constituted less numerous groups. Correlation of cytodiagnostic analyses with clinical observations indicates that high content of infiltrating T cells may be a favorable prognostic feature in highly malignant B-cell lymphomas.
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PMID:Characterization of malignant and non-neoplastic cell phenotypes in highly malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas. 631 76

From semithin sections of 12 non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (3 lymphocytic, 3 centrocytic, 3 lymphoblastic, 3 centroblastic m.L.) morphometric parameters of nucleus and cytoplasm, including size, shape, roundness, number and size of nucleoli were measured. Statistical evaluation of the data showed that the lymphoma cells mainly differ in their size, less in their shape. Nucleolar parameters are of greater value than contour features in discriminating the four groups of NHL. With growing grade of malignancy an increasing nuclear and cellular polymorphism was observed. Moreover, measurement of the feature "maximal nuclear diameter" on paraffin sections from 42 further cases showed the possibility of morphometric discrimination of low and high malignant NHL in histopathological diagnostics.
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PMID:Cytomorphometric characterization of NHL(non-Hodgkin's lymphomas) of low and high grade malignancy. 636 93

The present AML protocol which only applies one anthracycline associated with arabinosyl-cytosine gives a first remission plateau of 65% and a 75% survival plateau at five years. Contrary to other teams, we do not apply the allogenic bone marrow graft at the first remission but at the second one. The new protocol comprises application of two anthracyclines, adriamycin and aclacinomycin, a possible autologous bone marrow graft at first remission upon reinforcement, a combination of methotrexate and thioguanine as maintenance chemotherapy and immunotherapy with bestatine. The two protocols respectively applied to the ALL good prognosis and reserved prognosis, give 85% global survival. The autologous bone marrow graft is added at first remission to B or T forms or voluminous CALLA + types. The advantage of CNS radiotherapy is compared with its disadvantages. Bestatine is employed in immunotherapy. The immunoprevention protocol applied to CML blastic crisis (vaccination with a pool of CB blasts) from the second year has prolonged survival of patients suffering from this affection and also treated by splenectomy and hydroxyurea. Allogeneic or autologous bone marrow graft is added to the protocol. The same protocol is applied to not very aggressive LLC and LNH (lymphocytic and centrofollicular with small cleaved nucleus cells) and includes maximum remission induced by chemotherapy followed by immunotherapy (by thymuline and then, if immunity disorders are not corrected, by zinc, then bestatine and finally tuftsin). A similar sequence was applied to the myeloma, comprising MLP-PDN-CPM chemotherapy to induce remission, combination of MLP-PDN and CPM and, if there is resistance, CLB, 6-TG, PDN and TNP. Interferon is appropriate with certain cytopenic forms. A protocol comprising VCR, ADM, PDN, CPM and TNP is applied to centrofollicular NHL with small non cleaved nucleus cells or large cells. As Hoerni and Jones have obtained significant benefits with BCG, its terminal application is compared with that of bestatine. Finally a less mutagenic protocol than MOPP and/or ABVD is proposed for Hodgkin's disease. In this protocol, two cycles alternate, and they combine: a) firstly VCR, PDN, THP-ADM and VPS, and b) secondly VLB, DXM, ACM and TNP with alternatively BLM and PPM between the cycles. This chemotherapy is followed by the same immunorestoration protocol as that applied to LLC and myeloma.
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PMID:[Protocols for the treatment of leukemia and lymphoma: toward escalation or toward reduction of degree?]. 638 Jun 5

Eighteen patients with advanced refractory lymphomas were treated with 2-methyl-hydroxyellipticinium (ellipticinium); there were 14 non-Hodgkin's (NHL) and 4 Hodgkin's lymphomas (HL). Ellipticinium was administered at the dose of 100 mg/m2 daily for 3 days i.v. with courses repeated at 3 week intervals. Preliminary results indicate some antitumor activity of the drug against NHL with minimal toxicity. Of the 16 evaluable patients 1 partial remission and 7 minor responses were noted among the NHL (65%). Myelosuppression was minimal and clinical toxicity was mild. Further evaluation of this drug in untreated patients appears to be warranted.
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PMID:2-Methyl-9-hydroxyellipticinium acetate (ellipticinium) in the treatment of lymphomas. Preliminary results of a phase II study. 653 40

Many changes have taken place in the diagnosis and treatment of non-Hodgkin-lymphomas in childhood during the last years. From 1979 to 1982, the Working Group for Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Immunology of the GDR treated 50 children with NHL according to the LSA2L2-protocol in a multicentric study. The Kiel-classification was applied for histological diagnosis. Main localizations were the mediastinum and abdomen. The treatment resulted in a complete continuous remission of 65% (Stages I and II: 87%, Stages III and IV: 53%) for all patients, independently of the stage. Patients with extranodal tumours and wide-spread abdominal disease had a very bad prognosis with this protocol.
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PMID:Diagnostics and therapy of non-Hodgkin lymphomas in childhood. 654 47

In a group of 241 patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma investigated retrospectively, CNS manifestations occurred in 8%, mainly as meningeosis lymphoblastomatosa. Lymphoblastic and immunoblastic NHL showed the highest risk of CNS infiltration (40.7% and 12.5% respectively). Further risk factors were disseminated stage of the disease, prior involvement of the bone marrow and juvenile age. Characteristic symptoms were eye muscle paresis, paresthesias and pareses of peripheral muscles. The most fruitful diagnostic measure was lumbar puncture. More than 80% of the patients observed with CNS manifestations died within one year. The factor limiting life was less the CNS infiltration itself than the systemic progression. CNS prophylaxis should be incorporated in the treatment plan in patients with lymphoblastic and immunoblastic non-Hodgkin lymphoma at an early stage. In contrast CNS prophylaxis is not justified in uncontrollable systemic non-Hodgkin lymphoma spread.
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PMID:CNS manifestations in non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL). 663 30


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