Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Patients with non-Hodgkins lymphoma undergoing autologous bone marrow harvest were studied in a prospective, randomized fashion. All patients received a general anesthetic consisting of intravenous thiopental, fentanyl, and vecuronium and were ventilated with oxygen and isoflurane. Group I (19) patients also were ventilated with nitrous oxide (70%) whereas patients in Group II (19) did not receive nitrous oxide. Bone marrow samples were obtained at the beginning and end of the harvest. Viability of bone marrow mononuclear cells was assessed with a colony-forming unit-granulocyte macrophage (CFU-GM) assay, CFU-GM growth is a marker for myeloid progenitor cells and is dependent on intact deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis. Rate of neutrophil engraftment after autologous bone marrow transplantation was also studied. Both groups of patients were statistically similar in age, weight, anesthetic duration, CFU-GM counts at both sample draws, and the time for successful engraftment. There appears to be no difference in bone marrow viability as assayed by both CFU-GM colony growth and engraftment in human bone marrow exposed to a general anesthetic with nitrous oxide.
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PMID:Is nitrous oxide safe for bone marrow harvest? 789 33

A retrospective study was undertaken to assess the factors affecting the yield of peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collections after chemotherapy. Fifty-five patients with malignancies, observed in 4 Italian Institutions from January 1987 to June 1991 were eligible for evaluation. This series included 19 non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 11 multiple myeloma, 9 ovarian cancer, 7 Hodgkin disease, 7 acute non-lymphocytic leukemia, 1 acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 1 neuroblastoma. Five hundred and twenty two PBSC collections were performed on 55 patients after a median of 18 days after the start of chemotherapy. The yields of PBSC collections were related to the dose of cytoreductive chemotherapy exploited for PBSC mobilization and to the number of circulating white blood cells, colony forming unit granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM) and the percentage of monocytes at the time of collection. Forty-eight patients out of 55 transplanted (87%) had rapid, complete and sustained engraftment. Three patients (5%) died of transplant related complications.
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PMID:Autologous blood stem cell collection after chemotherapy in patients with sensitive and refractory malignancies: a multicenter retrospective study. 791 30

Patients with cancer can now benefit from intensive drug dosage. Intensive drug dosage has become more effective because of the availability of better anti-emetics, hematopoietic growth factors such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), granulocyte CSF (G-CSF), erythropoietin, etc. and improvements in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We have evaluated the clinical and cost effectiveness of GM-CSF in patients undergoing autologous bone marrow transplantation (AuBMT) for Hodgkin's disease. Administration of GM-CSF after AuBMT enhances myeloid and platelet recovery and is cost effective in the treatment of patients with relapsed Hodgkin's disease who received intensive chemotherapy and AuBMT. We also describe the use of various new therapeutic approaches with emphasis on clinical and cost benefit. Further work is needed to improve the route and duration of growth factor(s) infusion and the timing of the various treatments.
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PMID:GM-CSF as an adjunct to autologous bone marrow transplantation. 845 76

One hundred and twenty-eight patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), Hodgkin's disease (HD), and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) previously reported from a phase III trial of rhGM-CSF or placebo following autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) were investigated for the development of late toxicities. Median follow-up is 36 months. No apparent long-term deleterious effects on BM function were observed. Moreover, disease-free survival and overall survival were similar for patients on both treatment arms, arguing for the long-term safety of recombinant human granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF). The only factors predictive for both a high risk of relapse over time and mortality were having the diagnosis of ALL and/or undergoing ABMT in resistant relapse. We attempted to identify clinical variables before BM harvest, at the time of marrow infusion, or events within the first 100 days posttransplant, which might predict speed of neutrophil recovery in the setting of placebo or rhGM-CSF administration after ABMT. Only previous exposure to agents that deplete stem cells led to a significant delay in neutrophil recovery, suggesting their avoidance in patients who may undergo ABMT. Nevertheless, even those patients benefited from rhGM-CSF. For all patients, rhGM-CSF and agents that deplete stem cells were the strongest independent predictors for neutrophil engraftment. With the increasing use of newer hematopoietic growth factors both alone and in combination, long-term follow-up is essential to confirm the same safety that we report with rhGM-CSF.
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PMID:Long-term follow-up of a phase III study of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor after autologous bone marrow transplantation for lymphoid malignancies. 846 75

Modern combination chemotherapy cures about one third of patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) [3]. Attempts to increase this proportion by more intensive chemotherapeutic regimens have failed so far in randomized trials [4, 5]. Dose intensity has been reported to be important for cure [8]--a factor which can be enhanced by hematopoietic growth factors--but addition of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) to intensive chemotherapy did not improve response on survival in a controlled study published recently [10]. Therefore, we tried to design a regimen which might be more appropriate for combination with growth factors, using pulse chemotherapy rather than continuous treatment and employing drugs of low stem-cell toxicity. Ifosfamide (Ifo) appeared to be ideal because it is effective even in some resistant cases [1] and might act synergistically with anthracyclines by reducing intracellular glutathione levels [9]. Epirubicin (Epi) was favored because of its low hemato- and cardiotoxicity [2]. These drugs, together with etoposide (VP-16) had been found to be very effective in relapsed cases [7]. Methotrexate (Mtx) was added because it penetrates the spinal fluid. Moreover, we chose granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) as an adjunct cytokine because this not only enhances neutrophil regeneration [6] but might also have antitumor effects, as suggested by an uncontrolled study in sarcomas [11]. This report summarizes our experiences regarding feasibility, toxicity, and responses with this new regimen obtained in a pilot study.
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PMID:IEVM chemotherapy with rhGM-CSF support for aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: a pilot study. 847 59

Monoclonal antibody Leu M1 represents a highly specific marker to locate granulocyte antigen in Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's disease. Except the L&H variants of reed-sternberg cells in lymphocyte predominance variety in which antigens are probably sialylated. All the cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were negative with this marker, because of absence of antigen. Therefore this specific marker characterizes granulocyte origin of reed-sternberg cells.
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PMID:Characterization of Reed-Sternberg cells with granulocyte specific monoclonal antibody. 849 1

We have recently reported that the hematologic recovery of patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin's disease (HD) undergoing autologous bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is significantly faster when recombinant human interleukin-3 (rhIL-3) is combined with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) in comparison with patients receiving G-CSF alone. In this paper, we studied the kinetic response and concentration of BM progenitor cells of 17 patients with lymphoid malignancies submitted to autologous BMT and treated with the G-CSF/IL-3 combination. The results were compared with those of five lymphoma patients receiving the same pretransplant conditioning regimen followed by G-CSF alone. rhG-CSF was administered as a single subcutaneous (sc) injection at the dose of 5 micrograms/kg/d from day 1 after reinfusion of autologous stem cells; rhIL-3 was added from day 6 at the dose of 10 micrograms/kg/d sc (overlapping schedule). In both groups (G-CSF- and G-CSF/IL-3-treated patients), cytokine administration was discontinued when the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) was >0.5 x 10(9)/L of peripheral blood (PB) for 3 consecutive days. After treatment with the CSF combination, the percentage of marrow colony-forming units-granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM) and erythroid progenitors (BFU-E) in S phase of the cell cycle increased from 9.3 +/- 2% to 33.3 +/- 12% and from 14.6 +/- 3% to 35 +/- 6%, respectively (p < 0.05). Similarly, we observed an increased number of actively cycling megakaryocyte progenitors (CFU-MK and BFU-MK). Conversely, G-CSF augmented the proliferative rate of CFU-GM (22.6 +/- 0.6% compared to a baseline value of 11.5 +/- 3%; p < 0.05) but not of BFU-E, CFU-MK, or BFU-MK, and the increase of S-phase CFU-GM was significantly lower than that observed in the posttreatment samples of patients receiving IL-3 in addition to G-CSF. The frequency of hematopoietic precursors in the BM, expressed as the number of colonies formed per number of cells plated, was unchanged or slightly decreased in both groups of patients. Because of the increase in marrow cellularity, however, a significant augmentation of the absolute number of both CFU-GM (3605 +/- 712/mL BM vs. 2213 +/- 580/mL; p < 0.05) and BFU-E (4373 +/- 608/mL vs. 3027 +/- 516/mL; p < 0.05) was reported after treatment with G-CSF/IL-3 but not G-CSF alone. Similarly, administration of the cytokine combination resulted in a higher number of CD34+ cells/mL BM, and their concentration was significantly greater than that observed in the posttreatment samples of G-CSF patients. Finally, we investigated the responsiveness to CSFs, in vitro, of highly enriched CD34+ cells, collected after priming with G-CSF in vivo (i.e., after 5 days of G-CSF administration). Our results demonstrated that pretreatment with G-CSF modified the response of BM cells to subsequent stimulation with additional CSFs. The results presented in this paper indicate that in vivo administration of two cytokines increases the proliferative rate and concentration of BM progenitor cells to a greater degree than G-CSF alone. These results support the role of growth factor combinations for accelerating hematopoietic recovery after high-dose chemotherapy.
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PMID:Proliferative response of human marrow myeloid progenitor cells to in vivo treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor alone and in combination with interleukin-3 after autologous bone marrow transplantation. 854 41

To evaluate the clinical effects of the administration of recombinant human granulocyte-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) post chemotherapy for patients with advanced-staged intermediate-grade or high-grade non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma (NHL), we conducted this multicenter study and compared the responses between both the regimens, CHOP as a first-generation chemotherapy and ProMACE/CytaBOM as a third-generation chemotherapy, when combined with the rhG-CSF administration. In this multicenter study, where forty patients were registered, patients in both the CHOP and ProMACE/CytaBOM groups were treated with the original regimen designs without the necessity of reducing drug dosages when combined with the administration of rhG-CSF. The administration of rhG-CSF post both of the cytotoxic therapies brought about much higher rates of complete remission in both the groups (CHOP, 75 percent; ProMACE/CytaBOM, 75 percent), as compared with those of the previous study without the rhG-CSF administration. Regarding response rates according to the International prognostic factor index, the CHOP group showed a lower rate of complete remission in patients with risk factors, compared with ProMACE/CytaBOM group. This result suggested that the administration of rhG-CSF may offer one important approach for improving the first-line therapy for aggressive NHL with high risk factors.
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PMID:Administration of rhG-CSF increases complete remission rates after CHOP and ProMACE/CytaBOM for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a pilot study. Hokkaido Study Group of Malignant Lymphoma and rhG-CSF. 859 Aug 51

Autologous bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cell transplantation may carry an increased risk of secondary myelodysplasia (MDS) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), which are already recognized as complications of conventional treatment for lymphoid malignancies. In order to ascertain whether it is possible to detect the evolution of such a clone at an early stage in its development we have studied X-chromosome inactivation patterns (XCIPs) in three informative females who developed abnormal myelopoiesis after high-dose chemotherapy and ABMT. In one patient transplanted for relapsed Hodgkin's disease a leukaemic clone comprising approximately 50% of the patient's myeloid cells was detectable by comparison of peripheral blood granulocyte and T-cell XCIPs when the full blood count and morphology were normal. She presented with AML 7 months later. In two patients transplanted for AML, XCIP analysis was complicated by constitutively skewed Lyonization patterns, nevertheless a progressive alteration could be demonstrated by serial analyses. In one patient a difference was detectable 28 months before presentation with MDS. In the other patient, despite evident mild pancytopenia and alterations in her XCIPs over the past 4 years, she has developed no definitive myelodysplastic features and oligoclonality due to stem cell failure cannot be excluded. These studies show that XCIPs can be used to predict development of MDS/AML in some patients, but the technique is limited by technical variability and frequent constitutional skewing in the haemopoietic system.
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PMID:Demonstration of developing myelodysplasia/acute myeloid leukaemia in haematologically normal patients after high-dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation using X-chromosome inactivation patterns. 861 75

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) as a single agent is increasingly used for the mobilization of peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs) for stem cell transplantation. In patients with perturbed hematopoiesis the mobilizing capacity of G-CSF alone may be inadequate. We have shown in rhesus monkeys that interleukin-3 (IL-3) pretreatment markedly potentiated the increase in PBPC numbers by subsequent administration of granulocyte/macrophage-CSF (GM-CSF). Here we studied the effect of IL-3 pretreatment on G-CSF-induced mobilization of PBPCs in 6 patients with Hodgkin's disease (n = 5) or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (n = 1) who had low progenitor cell numbers because of previous chemotherapy. Patients were treated in cycle 1 with G-CSF at a dose of 5 microgram/kg/d for 5 days and, after a treatment-free interval, received cycle 2 consisting of 5 microgram/kg/d of IL-3 for 7 days followed by G-CSF again at a dose of 5 microgram/kg/d for 5 days. G-CSF alone increased the mean number of circulating colony-forming units-GM (CFU-GM) by 21-fold, the number of burst-forming units-erythroid (BFU-E) by 9-fold, and the number of CFU-mix by 24-fold over pretreatment values. Treatment with 5 microgram/kg/d of IL-3 for 7 days did not mobilize by itself but significantly potentiated G-CSF-induced mobilization of all progenitor cell types leading to a 56-, 15-, and 46-fold increase over baseline of CFU-GM, BFU-E, and CFU-mix numbers, respectively. In 2 patients in whom leukapheresis was performed after G-CSF alone the target number of 2 x 10(6)/kg CD34+ cells was not reached. However, leukapheresis after the IL-3/G-CSF combination obtained > or =2 x 10(6)/kg CD34+ cells in 3 of 6 patients, including both patients who had inadequate collection after G-CSF alone. In one patient adequate function of mobilized progenitors could be shown by the demonstration of rapid trilineage engraftment after infusion of progenitors after myeloablative chemotherapy. Seven-day pretreatment with IL-3 may be a useful mean to augment mobilization of circulating progenitors by G-CSF. The combination of IL-3 and G-CSF seems to allow the procurement of sufficient numbers of PBPCs in some patients who cannot be mobilized adequately by G-CSF alone.
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PMID:Potentiation of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-induced mobilization of circulating progenitor cells by seven-day pretreatment with interleukin-3. 863 89


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