Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty pediatric patients with malignant disease were studied by whole body gallium scans. Seven had Hodgkin's disease, five had soft tissue sarcomas, three had neuroblastomas, two had Wilm's tumors, and one each had a hepatoblastoma, embryonal cell carcinoma, and sacrococcygeal teratoma. Of 50 sites studied, there was a true positive result in 17%, and in 58% there were false negative results. The method served best in patients with Hodgkin's disease, where the true positive rate was 64%. In no instance did the gallium scan affect the clinical management of a patient.
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PMID:Gallium-67 scans in children with solid tumors. 17 78

Supranormal temperatures inhibit selectively the growth of malignant cells more than that of normal cells. The autoradiographic determination of the 3H-thymidine-labelling-index (LI) in vitro is a suitable method for the examination of thermosensitivity of individual human tumours. 44 solid tumours of children (Wilms' tumours, neuroblastomas, osteogenic sarcomas, non-Hodgkin-Lymphomas and other tumours) were studied by the temperatures 37.5 and 42.5 degrees C/120 min, with this method. 90% of the histologically undifferentiated tumours showed a highly significant inhibition of the 3H-thymidine incorporation between 28.6 and 79.9% with an average of 51.1%. In 4 histologically mature tumours (carcinoma of the adrenal cortex, malignant hepatoblastoma, fibrosarcoma, hamartoblastoma) no significant decrease of the LI was present. The inhibition of incorporation with hyperthermia cannot be correlated with the primary magnitude of the LI with normothermia. In 1 neuroblastoma a 75% rise of the LI was found possibly due to exogenic caused thermotolerance. The individuality of the reaction towards heat may contribute to the biological characterization of tumours.
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PMID:The effect of hyperthermia 42.5 degrees C on the incorporation of 3H-thymidine into the DNA of solid tumours in childhood. 51 52

Cancer has been closely associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection but this is less frequent in children. Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas represent the most frequently reported single tumor. The authors report seven cases of malignant tumors resulting from the analysis of all (n = 1321) children enrolled in the Italian Register for HIV Infection in Children. Tumors were distributed as follows: non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma (four cases); and Kaposi's sarcoma, hepatoblastoma, acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (one case each). Hepatoblastoma had never been previously reported in HIV-infected children. Also in the current series, non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma is the most frequent single tumor. Five of the seven cancers belonged to the B-cell line. All but one of the seven children have died. Specific chemotherapy was provided in three cases, with some clinical improvement. The treatment of malignancies in HIV-infected children is hampered by increased risk of opportunistic infections often fatal even in children with apparent remission from the tumor.
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PMID:Malignancies in children with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. The Italian Multicenter Study on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Children. 165 58

Twenty-nine cases of solid malignant tumours in paediatric age group were studied. The incidence of different tumours in order of frequency were lymphomas (37.9%), Wilms' tumour (24.1%), neuroblastoma (17.2%), soft tissue sarcoma (10.4%) and rare tumours (10.4%). Maximum number of tumours occurred in 1-5 years' age group. Male predominance was noted (male:female as 2.2:1). Among the lymphomas, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma outnumbered Hodgkin's lymphoma. Left kidney affection was seen more than the right kidney among cases of Wilms' tumours. Neuroblastomas presented commonly as abdominal masses. All the 3 cases of soft tissue sarcomas were embryonal rhabdomysoarcomas. Rare tumours encountered in the study were ovarian tumours (arrhenoblastoma), endodermal sinus tumours and hepatoblastoma.
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PMID:Pattern of paediatric solid malignant tumours in southern Orissa. 258 29

The Manchester Children's Tumour Registry data for the period 1954-1977 have been analysed. The overall incidence of malignant disease in children aged 0-14 years in the north-west of England is estimated to be 100 per million person-years. The most common disease group is leukaemia, which forms about one third of the total number of cases. Among solid tumours, by far the most common presenting site is the central nervous system, representing nearly a quarter of all neoplasms. Wilms' tumour, neuroblastoma and soft-tissue sarcomas comprise approximately 5%, 6.5% and 6% respectively of the total. The tumours most frequently seen in adults (e.g. carcinoma of colon, lung and breast) are extremely rare in childhood. A significant excess of males was seen in acute lymphoid leukaemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, medulloblastoma and hepatoblastoma. A female excess was found among germ-cell tumours. During the study period significant increases in incidence were seen among acute lymphoid leukaemia and epithelial tumours, and an increase in germ cell tumours approached significance.
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PMID:Incidence of malignant disease in childhood: a 24-year review of the Manchester Children's Tumour Registry data. 625 25

Review of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) smears from 121 pediatric patients with intra-thoracic and intra-abdominal lesions revealed 42 (34.7%) cases of neoplasms, 35 (28.9%) cases of tuberculosis, 12 (9.9%) cases of non-tuberculous inflammations, 4 (3.3%) cases of benign cystic lesions, and 28 (23.1%) inadequate/inconclusive cases. The age of the patients ranged from 20 days to 18 yr. Ultrasound and/or CT study done in 105 cases localized the lesions in following common sites: lungs (19 cases), mediastinum (22 cases), liver (14 cases), intestines (11 cases), and lymph nodes (17 cases). The neoplastic lesions consisted of 39 malignant, one suspicious, and two benign neoplasms. Among the neoplasms, the small round cell tumors were the most frequent (27 cases), followed by germ cell tumors (eight cases) and miscellaneous neoplasms (seven cases). The common small round cell tumors were non-Hodgkins lymphoma (eight cases), hepatoblastoma (seven cases), neuroblastoma (five cases), and nephroblastoma (three cases). A combined clinical, imaging, and FNA cytology approach was found to be useful in arriving at a tissue diagnosis.
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PMID:Fine-needle aspiration diagnosis of intra-thoracic and intra-abdominal lesions: review of experience in the pediatric age group. 826 43

The author presents sonomorphological characteristics of retroperitoneal neuroblastoma, nephroblastoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and M. Hodgkin abdominis, hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma at the time when the diagnosis was established. The objective of the investigation was to increase the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonic diagnosis of the mentioned malignant tumours of the abdomen and retroperitoneum during the first sonographic examination.
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PMID:[Sonographic image of the most frequent abdominal and retroperitoneal malignant tumors in childhood]. 840 42

Lymphoma represents a major source of morbidity and mortality among AIDS patients. AIDS-associated non-Hodgkin lymphomas (AIDS-NHL) are almost invariably B-cell derived, are classified as high or intermediate grade lymphomas, and display three main histologic types: namely, small non-cleaved cell lymphoma (SNCCL), large cell immunoblastic plasmacytoid lymphoma (LC-IBPL), and large cell lymphoma (LCL). Here we report the in vitro establishment of three new AIDS-NHL cell lines (termed HBL-1, HBL-2, and HBL-3) derived from three AIDS-SNCCL patients differing in primary tumor sites and risk factors for HIV infection. The derivation of the cell lines from the original tumor clones was established by immunophenotypic and molecular genetic analysis. These cell lines display clonal immunoglobulin gene rearrangement, express surface immunoglobulin and B-cell restricted markers, and exhibit a phenotype consistent with SNCCL. Monoclonal Epstein-Barr virus infection was found in only one of the cell lines (HBL-1). Cytogenetic analysis demonstrated the presence of a chromosomal translocation involving the c-myc proto-oncogene and an immunoglobulin locus in all three cell lines. The pattern of genetic lesions detected in HBL-1, HBL-2, and HBL-3 reflects that found in primary AIDS-SNCCL and includes activation of the c-myc oncogene as well as inactivation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene. These cell lines should prove useful in studies of the biological, immunological, and viral factors involved in AIDS-associated lymphomagenesis.
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PMID:In vitro establishment of AIDS-related lymphoma cell lines: phenotypic characterization, oncogene and tumor suppressor gene lesions, and heterogeneity in Epstein-Barr virus infection. 841 24

AIDS-related non-Hodgkin lymphomas (AIDS-NHL) are most frequently derived from B cells and include small non-cleaved cell lymphoma (SNCCL) and diffuse large cell lymphoma (DLCL) and less frequently anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) or body cavity-based lymphoma (BCBL). AIDS-NHL cell lines have proved useful to study AIDS-NHL pathogenesis. In this report, we describe the establishment and molecular characterization of two novel AIDS-NHL cell lines (HBL-4 and HBL-6) derived from lymphomatous effusions. HBL-4 was derived from a patient with SNCCL, whereas HBL-6 was derived from a patient with BCBL. The identity of the cell lines with the original tumor clone was established by immunoglobulin gene rearrangement analysis. Both HBL-4 and HBL-6 carry a monoclonal EBV infection and do not contain HIV. In addition, HBL-6 harbors DNA sequences of the recently identified Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), now formally called human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8). Finally, HBL-4, but not HBL-6, harbors a rearranged c-MYC allele, while the BCL-6 gene displayed a germline configurations in both cell lines. These AIDS-NHL cell lines may prove useful in understanding the biologic events contributing to AIDS-NHL development.
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PMID:Establishment of AIDS-related lymphoma cell lines from lymphomatous effusions. 868 8

CD40 is a membrane glycoprotein expressed on normal and neoplastic B lymphocytes. Stimulation through CD40 regulates important cellular functions, but the effects depend on its membrane density. While extensive studies have characterized CD40 in non-Hodgkin lymphomas of immunocompetent individuals, little is known on the characteristics of this molecule in lymphomas arising in immunocompromised hosts. The aim of this study was to characterize the pattern of CD40 expression in an in vitro model constituted by AIDS small non-cleaved lymphoma (SNCCL) cell lines. The analysis of CD45 isoforms, a group of molecules alternatively spliced during B cell differentiation, has been chosen to correlate this process to the number of CD40 molecules per cell in these cell lines. Since Apo 1/Fas expression is upregulated on B lymphocytes after CD40 ligation and this expression is functionally relevant, we wanted to know whether a different CD40 pattern in AIDS-SNCCL cell lines could influence CD95 expression. We have shown that 3 of these cell lines (PA 682, Es III, and HBL-2) have high membrane CD40 expression (> 100,000 molecules/cell); they release large amounts of soluble CD40 (sCD40) in culture supernatants (>500 pg/ml), are CD45RA/RO double labelled, and express the Apo 1/Fas (CD95) antigen. On the contrary, low CD40 membrane antigen cell lines (BRGIgA, HBL-2, NC 71, AS 283A, and LAM C3+, < 50,000 molecules/cell) release low amounts of sCD40 (<300 pg/ml), are CD45RA+ but CD45RO-, and do not express CD95. EBV has no role in CD40 and CD45 isoform behaviour, because EBV superinfection of the EBV negative, low membrane CD40 HBL-2 cell line does not modify CD40 membrane expression, sCD40 production, or CD45 isoform and CD95 expression. Our data suggest that membrane CD40 in AIDS-SNCCL cell lines might be a key element in the regulation of their pathophysiology by influencing the expression of CD45 isoforms and of CD95, and by the release of its soluble form.
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PMID:High CD40 membrane expression in AIDS-related lymphoma B cell lines is associated with the CD45RA+, CD45RO+, CD95+ phenotype and high levels of its soluble form in culture supernatants. 905 40


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