Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A series of 7 patients with granulocytic sarcoma is presented to illustrate its varied clinical picture. In particular, this condition may present with features which suggest a non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The diagnosis will only be made if a high index of suspicion is maintained and special histopathological methods are used. Granulocytic sarcoma should be treated like an acute myeloid leukaemia.
 ...
PMID:Granulocytic sarcoma: a diagnosis to be considered in unusual lymphoma syndromes. 348 Oct 72

A review of 20 cases of malignant lymphomas and other hematopoietic sarcomas initially localized in the mammary gland permitted us to determine some main clinical and morphologic features. Ages range from 14 to 74 years. Clinical features consist of two principal aspects: a radiologically homogeneous, well circumscribed mass or an inflammatory tumor. After staging, one half of the cases remain localized only in the mammary gland (extranodal stage I). Granulocytic sarcoma, monoblastic sarcoma and Hodgkin's disease are very rare. Non Hodgkin's lymphomas are the most frequent. In 40 per cent of the cases, it is a diffuse, large non cleaved cell type, according to the working formulation for clinical usage (centroblastic in the Kiel classification). These are probably B cell derived malignant lymphomas. Eleven per cent of the cases fall into the large cell with multilobated nuclei type according to Pinkus, which probably is a T cell derived malignant lymphoma. Treatment consists of radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy, mastectomy is not advisable. Like any malignant lymphoma localized in other sites, prognosis depends on two main data: clinical stage of the disease and histologic type. Ten patients are in complete remission, the median survival being 3.5 years.
 ...
PMID:[Malignant lymphomas and other hematosarcomas with initial breast localization. Retrospective study of 20 cases]. 666 53

Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is a solid tumor of extramedullary localization constituted by immature precursors from the granulocytic series. GS may be diagnosed in different malignant blood diseases involving the granulocytic series, acute non lymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) being the most frequent, followed by myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and chronic myeloproliferative syndromes, specially chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in blastic crisis. Although the diagnosis of GS is suspected with conventional cytologic and anatomopathologic studies, histochemical staining and immunohistochemical techniques are often required for definitive diagnosis. Five cases (4 males, 1 female; age range 22-77 years) diagnosed with GS in one center over a period of nine years (1984-1993) are described. The GS were located in the lymph nodes, the jaw, paravertebral region, gallbladder and retroperitoneum, respectively. Two patients had refractory anemia with excess of blasts (RAEB). Three patients had ANLL; in one GS constituted the form of relapse, in another GS presented at the time of diagnosis and in the remaining patient GS preceded the diagnosis of ANLL. All the patients died from 2 to 8 months after diagnosis of GS with no response to treatment being observed. Immunohistochemical study of the tumor was performed in 4 patients, being positive for lysozyme and the monocytic MAC-387 monoclonal antibody. Immunocytochemical study of the tumor blasts was carried out with positivity for CD15 being observed. Although uncommon, GS should be suspected in patients with ANLL or MDS with tumors of any localization and at any time during its evolution. Immunocytochemical and immunohistochemical studies are of great value to differentiate GS from other tumors, particularly anaplastic non Hodgkin's lymphomas.
 ...
PMID:[Granulocytic sarcoma: a study of 5 cases]. 770 32

Granulocytic sarcoma with no demonstrable abnormalities in the peripheral blood or bone marrow is a rare but recognised initial manifestation of acute myeloid leukaemia and has led to diagnostic difficulties in some cases. A lymph node excisional biopsy from a patient presenting with cervical lymphadenopathy, a mediastinal mass, and a normal peripheral blood picture was reported to have features suggesting a T cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, for which she was subsequently treated. However, 10 months later the patient developed acute myeloid leukaemia, FAB classification M0. The initial lymph node biopsy was reviewed and further immunohistochemical studies using antibodies against CD34 led to a revised diagnosis of primary granulocytic sarcoma.
 ...
PMID:Granulocytic sarcoma preceding AML M0 and the diagnostic value of CD34. 1065 97

Myelosarcoma (chloroma) is a rare primary condition in patients with either a myelodysplastic syndrome, or an acute or chronic leukemia. It is an extramedullary neoplasm which does not commonly present with changes in peripheral blood or bone marrow. The rarity and histomorphological similarity to malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma renders the diagnosis notoriously difficult. Due to its coincidental or secondary manifestation followed by myelogenous leukemia, this tumor needs to be seen as a primary systemic disease. We present a 40 year old man with myelosarcoma of the jejunum and discuss this entity and its therapeutic options.
 ...
PMID:[Myelosarcoma of the proximal jejunum. A rare primary condition of acute myelogenous leukemia]. 1243 65

Granulocytic sarcoma is an extramedullary tumor composed of immature granulocytic precursor cells. The most common sites of presentation are bone, periosteum, soft tissue, lymph node, skin, and infrequently small intestine. The tumor may develop during the course of acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia or other myelodysplastic disorders. It can occur without blood or bone marrow manifestations of leukemia and in this case, the diagnosis is difficult. Our patient was initially diagnosed as a case of T-cell non Hodgkin's lymphoma and received one cycle of CHOP with only transient improvement in his symptoms. Subsequently, his biopsy slides were reviewed at our centre and were reported as granulocytic sarcoma.
 ...
PMID:Granulocytic sarcoma in the absence of acute myeloid leukemia: a case report. 1747 71

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) are often characterized by specific cytogenetic abnormalities. We evaluate the utility of routine cytogenetic studies in 261 "lymphoma work-ups". These include 4 non-hematolymphoid malignancies and 257 hematolymphoid processes submitted over 3 years, including even those initially appearing benign by morphology and immunophenotyping. About 64/257 yielded no results and 5/78 "lymphoid hyperplasia/lymphadenitis" were abnormal; 3 of these 5 appeared clonal [1, shortly followed by follicular lymphoma (FL)]. Increasing FL grades showed decreased t(14;18)/increased del 6q abnormalities. 1/4 Burkitt lymphomas (BL) (i.e., an atypical BL) showed t(8;14) and t(14;18) (i.e., a double-hit). 1/4 post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) showed abnormalities, confirming clonality. One "extramedullary hematopoiesis" with a previous myelodysplastic syndrome and 1 erythroblastic sarcoma showed abnormalities, confirming myelodysplasias (MDS). A monocytic sarcoma revealed a t(9;11)(p22;q23). Routine cytogenetic studies aid in "lymphoma work-ups" by (1) detecting rare abnormalities in cases without apparent malignancy, indicating close follow-up, (2) detecting abnormalities in FL correlating with increasing grade, (3) detecting co-existent t(8;14) and t(14;18) in BL, indicating a worst prognosis, (4) establishing clonality in PTLD and (5) establishing diagnoses of MDS or chloroma in tissues. The findings by the conventional karyotyping studies in many of these cases added significant data to the diagnostic cases, beyond morphologic and immunophenotypic findings, and were not amenable to directed fluorescent-in-situ hybridization studies.
 ...
PMID:Usefulness of routine conventional cytogenetic analysis in tissues submitted for "lymphoma work-up". 1820 1

Granulocytic sarcoma is an extramedullary tumor of immature cells of granulocytic series, generally associated to acute myelogenous leukemia. The skin is one of the most commonly affected sites. Granulocytic sarcoma can complicate myelodysplastic syndromes and is considered a sign of poor prognosis. They are often misdiagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the lymphoblastic type, Burkitt lymphoma and large cell lymphoma. In children, the differential diagnoses also include small, round cell tumors. It is important to diagnose these lesions early because they can precede peripheral blood and bone marrow transformation to acute myelogenous leukemia. We report a case of an elderly patient with myelodysplastic syndrome who developed multiple cutaneous granulocytic sarcoma lesions and discuss prognostic and treatment implications.
 ...
PMID:Cutaneous granulocytic sarcoma in myelodysplastic syndrome. 1849 22

Myeloid sarcoma involving soft tissue is rare and may present a pathologic diagnostic challenge, particularly when it precedes or coincides with hematological malignancies. Furthermore, it may mimic non-Hodgkin lymphoma, poorly differentiated carcinoma, melanoma, or round blue cell tumors, which is a potential diagnostic pitfall. In addition to a retrospective review of myeloid sarcoma (MS) cases seen at our institution, we describe differential diagnoses, diagnostic pitfalls, and practical approaches to diagnosing soft tissue MS preceding or coinciding with acute myeloid leukemia. Our institutional retrospective review (1999-2011) of MSs identified 12 cases of MS in which there was no known blood or bone marrow involvement at diagnosis. A panel of immunohistochemical stains and/or flow cytometry was reviewed; marker selection was subject to the pathologist's discretion. These tumors were consistently positive for CD117 (9/9), CD43 (7/7), myeloperoxidase (8/10), CD68 (4/5), and CD34 (5/9) by flow cytometry and/or immunohistochemistry. We also described a referral case, which had classic MS morphology and a myelomonocytic immunophenotype including positivity for CD45, lysozyme, and CD117 with supporting molecular information. Based on our institution's experience and review of the literature, we recommend that when the index of suspicion for MS is high, an immunohistochemical stain and/or flow cytometry panel should include CD43, lysozyme, CD117, CD68, CD33, Human Leukocyte Antigen DR (HLA-DR), and myeloperoxidase, in addition to thorough review of the patient's history, cytogenetic studies, and proper discussion with the clinician.
...
PMID:A practical approach to diagnose soft tissue myeloid sarcoma preceding or coinciding with acute myeloid leukemia. 2496 31

The incidence of hematologic malignancies and their extranodal manifestations is continuously increasing. Previously unsuspected hepatic involvement in hematologic malignancies such as Hodgkin disease and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder, myeloid sarcoma (chloroma), multiple myeloma, Castleman disease, and lymphohistiocytosis may be seen by radiologists. Although the imaging features of more common hepatic diseases such as hepatocellular carcinoma, metastases, and infection may overlap with those of hepatic hematologic malignancies, combining the imaging features with clinical manifestations and laboratory findings can facilitate correct diagnosis. Clinical features that suggest a hematologic neoplasm as the cause of liver lesions include a young patient (<40 years of age), no known history of cancer, abnormal bone marrow biopsy results, fever of unknown origin, and night sweats. Imaging features that suggest hematologic malignancy include hepatosplenomegaly or splenic lesions, vascular encasement by a tumor without occlusion or thrombosis, an infiltrating mass at the hepatic hilum with no biliary obstruction, and widespread adenopathy above and below the diaphragm. Familiarity with the imaging features of hepatic hematologic malignancies permits correct provisional diagnosis and may influence therapeutic management. For example, when biopsy is performed, core biopsy may be needed in addition to fine-needle aspiration so that the tissue architecture of the neoplasm can be discerned. The predominant treatment of hematologic malignancies is chemotherapy or radiation therapy rather than surgery. Online supplemental material is available for this article.
 ...
PMID:Hematologic malignancies of the liver: spectrum of disease. 2656 43


1 2 Next >>