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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinical, histopathologic, and prognostic features of 114 patients with primary extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were evaluated. Median age of the patients was 48 (range, 15-76) and the ratio of male/female was 55/59. Thirty-seven patients had stage 1, 55 patients stage II, 6 patients stage III, and 16 patients stage IV. The most common sites of primary extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and head-neck region. Stomach (66%) and tonsils (33%) were the most frequently involved organ in GI tract and head-neck region, respectively. Eighty percent of patients had intermediate or high-grade lymphomas, 20% had low-grade subtypes. Complete remission was achieved in 83% of all patients with chemotherapy +/- radiotherapy +/- surgery. Overall and disease-free survival at 5 years were 63% and 59%, respectively. In conclusion, clinical and histopathologic characteristics and prognosis of our cases with primary extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were usually similar to those of the cases in Western countries with some differences in the incidence of some specific primary extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and in the histopathologic subtypes.
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PMID:Clinicopathologic features and prognostic factors of primary extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in Turkey. 1059 43

In this study we investigated the immunohistochemical expression of caspases 3, 6 and 8 in 85 malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and in 4 hyperplastic lymph nodes. The extent of apoptosis and the immunohistochemical expression of bcl-2 and bax was also studied. Caspase 3 immunoreactivity was seen in 84/85 (99%), caspase 6 in 46/85 (54%), and caspase 8 in 66/85 (78%) lymphomas. The immunoreactivity for caspase 3 was diffuse cytoplasmic while antibodies to caspase 6 and 8 showed granular and fragmented, sometimes also nuclear immunopositivity. High-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas expressed strong caspase 6 and 8 immunoreactivity significantly more often than low-grade lymphomas (p = 0.016 and p = 0.0002, respectively). Strong caspase 3 immunoreactivity was also seen more often in high-grade lymphomas, but the association did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.14). There was a strong association between the expression of caspase 3 and 6 (p = 0.032), caspase 3 and 8 (p = 0.042), and especially between caspase 6 and 8 (p = <0.00001). There was a significant difference in the apoptotic index between low-grade (0.59+/-0.44%) and high-grade lymphomas (1.96+/-1.92%) (p<0.001). Strong bcl-2 expression was seen in 35/80 (44%) and strong bax expression in 20/80 (25%) lymphomas. No significant association was found between the expression of bcl-2 or bax and the expression of the caspases. According to the results the expression of caspases 6 and 8 is upregulated in high-grade compared with low-grade lymphomas and probably contributes to the execution of apoptosis in them. A similar tendency could also be seen with caspase 3. The expression of the three caspases is significantly associated, suggesting that it is mutually regulated. Finally, the results suggest that the expression of bcl-2 or bax does not influence the expression of caspases 3, 6 and 8 in malignant lymphomas to a significant degree.
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PMID:Apoptosis and expression of caspases 3, 6 and 8 in malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. 1059 77

This case-control study examined occupational sunlight exposure and death from non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and NHL subtypes among 188 cases and 1880 controls selected from a cohort of 138,905 male electric utility workers. Exposure was classified according to work history linked to indices of cumulative sunlight exposure. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were derived from conditional logistic regression models and were conditioned on the matching factors birth year and ethnicity. Mortality from NHL and intermediate/high-grade lymphomas was not related to cumulative sunlight exposure, with odds ratios around the null. For low-grade lymphomas, a dose-response gradient was observed for exposure in the past 12 to 21 years, but this result seemed to be sensitive to cut points for categorization of cumulative exposure. These data do not provide evidence for an association between occupational sunlight exposure and mortality from NHL or NHL subtypes.
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PMID:Occupational sunlight exposure and mortality from non-Hodgkin lymphoma among electric utility workers. 1141 27

In accordance with international data, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) in the Southern Health Care Region of Sweden were more common in men than in women and there was an inreasing incidence for both genders in the 1980s and 1990s. A study of the years 1983 and 1992, i.e. the beginning and the end of a 10-year period, was carried out. Case records for 94% of all adults diagnosed in 1983 and 1992 (220 men and 171 women) were reviewed. The sites of the lymphomas and malignancy grade (Kiel classification) were recorded. Comparisons were made between the genders and between the two years studied. Among 170 men with nodal lymphomas, 49 were localized (stage I-II) in lymphoid tissue regional to the respiratory tract, 18 were localized elsewhere and 103 were generalized (stage III-IV). The corresponding sites in 138 women were 28, 33 and 77, respectively (p = 0.002), implying a predominance of stage I-II lymphomas regional to the respiratory tract in men and a larger number of localized lymphomas elsewhere, mostly abdominal retroperitoneal with or without inguinal engagement in women. High-grade nodal lymphomas were more common in 1992 (54%) than in 1983 (34%, p = 0.01). suggesting an increasing number of mainly high-grade lymphomas. For extranodal lymphomas (50 in men and 33 in women), no clear differences were observed for gender and the years studied. Risk factors, e.g. occupational hazards, are probably different for men and women. The gender differences in initial nodal location suggest that initial lymphoma sites may be related to different risk factors. Epidemiologic studies where both malignancy grade and initial lymphoma locations are taken into account may be helpful in defining risk factors.
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PMID:Gender and time differences in initial location and histological grade of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in Southern Sweden. 1150 7

The authors analyze the progress achieved in the treatment of low-grade as well as of high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The challenging task in the treatment of low-grade or indolent lymphomas still is to decide whether watchful waiting is sufficient or whether chemotherapy is necessary and how aggressive this treatment should be. Among the new chemotherapeutic agents the role of purine analogues should be emphasized, fludarabin is especially important in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and follicular lymphoma, while pentostatin and cladribine have revolutionized the treatment of hairy cell leukemia. Treatment with monoclonal antibodies, radioimmunoconjugates as well as autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplantation are potential new therapeutic options in the treatment of low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. In the case of aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas risk-adapted strategies help the choice between standard or more intensive treatment options. In patients with relapsed high-grade lymphomas stem cell transplantation is indicated. In patients with marginal zone lymphoma the combination of hyperCVAD protocol + stem cell transplantation greatly improves prognosis.
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PMID:[Progress in the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas] 1205 Jul 28

Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas are an important part of the differential diagnosis of head and neck tumors. Their diagnosis begins with a complete history and physical examination and is confirmed with an appropriately obtained and prepared pathologic specimen. Prognosis and therapy of the lymphomas vary depending on stage and the characteristics of each particular subtype of lymphoma. Low-grade lymphomas and chronic lymphocytic leukemia are characterized by long survival times and are most often treated with palliative intent. More aggressive high-grade lymphomas are treated for cure. Although chemotherapy and radiotherapy remain the mainstays of treatment, immunotherapy demonstrates increasing promise.
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PMID:Lymphomas. 1456 57

We compared bone marrow findings in 2 groups of patients with AIDS during 2 different periods: group 1, n = 20; male/female ratio, 19/1; and group 2, n = 120; male/female ratio, 6/1. Bone marrow iron stores were decreased significantly in group 2 (P < .01), and the incidence of AIDS-related lymphomas was higher, with frequent bone marrow involvement. Two group 1 patients had Kaposi sarcoma, and a 21-month-old girl with transfusion-transmitted AIDS had Burkitt-like lymphoma. In group 2, 44 patients had a history of malignant neoplasms, including Kaposi sarcoma (10 cases), hematologic neoplasms (33 cases), and metastatic leiomyosarcoma (1 case). Of the 120 patients, 15 (12.5%) had bone marrow involvement by malignant neoplasms. The majority of the non-Hodgkin lymphomas were high-grade lymphomas. Patients with AIDS-related malignant neoplasms had higher CD4+ cell counts and viral loads than patients without malignant neoplasms (P < .01, P < .05, respectively). The finding of decreased iron stores in patients with AIDS might aid clinical management of their anemia. The increased incidence of malignant neoplasms, especially lymphomas, in recent years might be related to prolonged survival but with incomplete reconstitution of immune function after antiretroviral therapy.
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PMID:Changing pattern of AIDS: a bone marrow study. 1502 44

A bone marrow (BM) aspiration and biopsy is often believed to be a needed diagnostic procedure in the work-up of patients with fever of unknown origin (FUO), especially in the setting of AIDS. Is it worthwhile to proceed with this invasive diagnostic method? Clinical information obtained on 104 patients in whom AIDS had been previously diagnosed and who had been admitted with a presumptive diagnosis of FUO was retrospectively analyzed. Seventy-two cases met the inclusion criteria. A BM aspiration and biopsy had a low sensitivity as a diagnostic tool even in patients who had abnormal hematologic parameters. BM biopsy was also not helpful in diagnosing non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cases in this study. Although the incidence of NHL has risen since the emergence of HIV, the predominant types of lymphoma seen in AIDS patients are intermediate/high-grade lymphomas rather than low grade, and consequently, the incidence of BM involvement is low, decreasing the sensitivity of a BM biopsy as a diagnostic tool. These observations were validated in this study. The majority of BM biopsies in this series revealed diagnostic features of infections. This observation can likely be related to the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS patients in this community and opportunistic infections associated with this disease.
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PMID:The utility of a bone marrow biopsy in diagnosing the source of fever of unknown origin in patients with AIDS. 1557 16

Lymphomas rarely present as a localized mass within the dura. We report a case of a 72-year-old woman, normally fit and well, who presented with a sudden episode of grand mal seizure. Imaging studies showed an extra-axial mass arising from the dura, with radiologic features characteristic of a meningioma. The mass was surgically excised, and the histologic features were of a grade 1 follicular lymphoma. Analysis using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) demonstrated t(14:18) translocation. A bone marrow aspirate showed focal infiltration of lumbar vertebra by low-grade follicular lymphoma. Intracranial meningeal involvement by non-Hodgkin lymphoma usually occurs in the form of diffuse leptomeningeal spread. It is seen in high-grade lymphomas, often in association with widespread systemic disease. The majority of cases of dural lymphomas reported in the literature have been primary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)-type lymphomas. Most of these presented as localized dural masses mimicking meningiomas. Low-grade follicular lymphoma, either primary or secondarily involving the dura, appears to be an exceedingly rare occurrence.
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PMID:Low-grade follicular lymphoma in the dura: rare mimic of meningioma. 1720 94

Plasmablastic lymphoma is a rare subcategory of non-Hodgkin lymphoma frequently associated with human immunodeficiency virus. It is a large B-cell lymphoma that has a predilection for the oral cavity. Clinically, plasmablastic lymphoma may mislead to a diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma. When infected, plasmablastic lymphoma may mimic an odontogenic cellulitis. Epstein-Barr virus and human herpesvirus 8 are very often associated. Awareness of this entity can prevent misdiagnosis with nonlymphoid malignancies, notably Kaposi's sarcoma, because this lesion does not express the conventional B-cell markers. Unfortunately, as for other high-grade lymphomas in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), the prognosis is poor. The case of a heterosexual 42-year-old man referred for a right hemifacial neoplasm is reported.
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PMID:Plasmablastic lymphoma: a case report. 1726 56


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