Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An analysis of 176 diagnostic peripheral lymph node biopsies performed at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, was carried out with a view to determining the diseases that commonly present with this symptom, and their clinical correlates. Of the conditions which theoretically could present with persistent peripheral lymphadenopathy, only a few were encountered in large numbers, namely, tuberculosis, Hodgkin's disease and secondary tumours. Metastatic tumours occur mostly above the age of 20 years. Small numbers of acute and chronic inflammation are also encountered. The largest group of findings were nonspecific reactive alterations. Regional lymphadenopathy is the rule, cervical lymph nodes are the most frequently enlarged and most frequently biopsied. The frequency of pathological changes and diseases varies with the biopsy site. In generalized lymphadenopathy the most likely diagnoses are probably tuberculosis and Hodgkin's disease.
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PMID:Peripheral lymphadenopathy in Nigeria. 443 60

A patient in whom a single lymph node contained Kaposi's sarcoma, tuberculosis and Hodgkin's lymphoma is reported on. Kaposi's sarcoma was also present in the skin of the legs, and serum antibody titres to cytomegalovirus were elevated. This case may represent acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in a Black South African male.
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PMID:Kaposi's sarcoma, tuberculosis and Hodgkin's lymphoma in a lymph node--possible acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A case report. 608 76

Hodgkin's disease displays an intriguing variation in incidence with age. For adult disease, there is striking bimodality in incidence with peaks in young adulthood and in older adulthood. On epidemiologic grounds, there appear to be three different diseases: childhood (0-14 years), young adult (15-34 years), and older adult Hodgkin's disease (55+ years). There are marked geographic variations in Hodgkin's disease incidence, but the variations are different for the three age groups. There are also interesting associations between Hodgkin's disease and markers of social class. For the young adult disease, the higher the socioeconomic status of a person, the greater the Hodgkin's disease risk. Additionally, Hodgkin's disease patients appear to have had fewer of the childhood infectious diseases or to have had these diseases at older ages than controls. These factors suggest an analogy between young adult Hodgkin's disease and Epstein-Barr virus, poliomyelitis, and tuberculosis infections. Thus, the descriptive epidemiology of Hodgkin's disease suggests an infectious disease process underlying its etiology in young adulthood and perhaps in childhood. There is a curious relationship between Hodgkin's disease and Epstein-Barr virus infection. Persons with Epstein-Barr virus infection have an increased risk of developing Hodgkin's disease, and the Epstein-Barr virus infection precedes the development of Hodgkin's disease. The virus has never been isolated from or identified in Hodgkin's disease tissue. The mechanisms underlying this association are unknown and may provide important clues to the etiology of Hodgkin's disease and other lymphomas. It is likely that there is no direct person-to-person spread of Hodgkin's disease. This is suggested by several negative studies of linkages between cases, time-space clustering, and aggregation of exposures at schools. Studies have shown that neither physicians nor nurses, groups with greater likelihood of encountering Hodgkin's disease patients than the general public, have an increased risk. There appears to be familial aggregation of Hodgkin's disease. Siblings of young adult cases are at increased risk, whereas siblings of older adult cases have no increase in risk. Among sibling pairs with Hodgkin's disease, there is a marked excess of like-sex pairs. Like-sex siblings have almost twice the risk of discordant-sex siblings, suggesting an interaction between environmental and genetic factors. Thus, it would be of interest to known the risk to spouses of cases who share environments but who do not share genes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Epidemiology of Hodgkin's disease. 609 22

The microscopic sections of biopsy material derived from four patients diagnosed at having Hodgkin's disease (HD), including two necropsied cases, were all studied for the presence of acid-fast cell wall deficient (CWD) bacteria. Variably acid-fast and variably sized coccoid forms, suggestive of CWD bacteria, were observed in the pathologically altered tissue and also in some histologically "normal" microscopic sections. This findings of bacteria in vivo in HD may relate to the previously reported findings of cocci, non-acid-fast and acid-fast bacteria (especially Mycobacterium tuberculosis) in HD, and may also relate to the previously reported findings of similar microbes in certain neoplastic, lymphoproliferative, and collagen diseases.
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PMID:Histologic observations of variably acid-fast coccoid forms suggestive of cell wall deficient bacteria in Hodgkin's disease: a report of four cases. 617 83

The majority of patients with sarcoidosis in this large series have had a number of biochemical investigations performed. Abnormal calcium metabolism was demonstrated in 40% of the patients but permanent renal damage due to nephrocalcinosis as a result of persistent derangement of calcium metabolism was rare. Raised immunoglobulin levels were seen. Half the white and two-thirds of the West Indian patients had elevated IgG levels. Abnormal immunoglobulin levels carried no obvious diagnostic or prognostic significance. Raised alkaline phosphatase levels reflected space-occupying hepatic granulomas and occurred in 23% of patients. Serum angiotensin converting enzyme (SACE) was elevated in half the patients. The highest SACE activity was found in patients with severe parenchymal lung infiltration due to sarcoidosis, and the lowest levels in those with inactive disease or after successful management with steroid drugs. SACE levels were not significantly elevated in four other granulomatous conditions: Crohn's disease, primary biliary cirrhosis, Hodgkin's disease, and active tuberculosis.
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PMID:Biochemical findings in sarcoidosis. 624 57

The authors studied the influence of familial longevity on the prognosis in 98 patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) followed for a long period of time. The survival of parents and grandparents to patients older than 50 years of age who died from progressive HD was significantly shorter than that of ancestors to survivors in the same age group. The excess death rate among relatives to the deceased patients was mainly caused by tuberculosis, which suggests a T-cell defect. The prognostic information achieved by analyzing duration of life of ancestors was superior to that given by the clinical stage. No association between familial longevity and prognosis was observed in young patients (less than or equal to 50 years of age). These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that HD in the elderly may be a separate clinical entity, and may also have important implications as to the understanding and treatment of HD in the elderly.
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PMID:Familial longevity and prognosis in Hodgkin's disease. 646 34

In this series, the commonest aetiology was tuberculosis (24 cases), Hodgkin's disease (21 cases), sarcoidosis (14 cases) and Q fever (14 cases). Some morphological features such as number and size of granulomas seemed useful for aetiological diagnosis. A granuloma with a central fat vacuole surrounded by fibrinoid material was in favour of Q fever. A dense mononuclear sinusoidal infiltration was associated with granulomas in MNI or CMV infections. 19 cases were cryptogenetic.
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PMID:[Granulomatous hepatitis. Apropos of 112 cases in adults]. 670 11

In this study the antigenic profile of Hodgkin (H) and Sternberg-Reed (SR) cells from cases of Hodgkin's disease was analysed using a large panel of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies reactive with cells of lymphoid and haemotopoietic origin. The aim of this investigation was, firstly, to throw light on the origin of H and SR cells and, secondly, to determine whether there is any evidence to support recent suggestions that H and SR cells differ antigenically between different histological categories of Hodgkin's disease. Frozen sections (from 24 cases) and paraffin sections (83 cases) were stained by immunoenzymatic methods and the results compared with those obtained from staining a wide variety of reactive and neoplastic tissue samples (including examples of tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, malignant histiocytosis, histiocytosis X, osteomyelosclerosis and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma). The results revealed that H and SR cells of all types of Hodgkin's disease consistently lack markers found on null cells, B cells, T cells, cells of monocyte/macrophage series, interdigitating reticulum cells, dendritic reticulum cells and erythropoietic and thrombopoietic cells. However, H and SR cells constantly expressed an antigen detectable with the recently produced monoclonal antibody Ki-I. The vast majority of typical and lacunar type H and SR cells contained the granulocyte-related antigens detected by monoclonal antibodies TU5, TU6, TU9 and 3C4, whereas other more or less specific granulopoietic cell markers (such as peroxidase, chloroacetate esterade, lysozyme, cationic leukocyte antigen and OKMI) were consistently absent. H and SR cells in cases of nodular paragranuloma (nodular type of Hodgkin's disease with lymphocyte predominance) were not monotypic in light chain type (as has been previously reported), but rather contained chi and lambda chains within the same cells, as do typical and lacunar type H and SR cells. Immunostaining of normal and hyperplastic lymphoid tissue with the Ki-I antibody led to the detection of a new, as yet unidentified, small-cell population of unknown origin and function, which is present between, around, and within cortical follicles. It is concluded from these findings that H and SR cells constitute a unique cell type that differs in many properties from all other known cell types. Furthermore, H and SR cells of the various histological types of Hodgkin's disease are more closely related than previously believed. It is suggested that the hitherto unknown cell population detected with the monoclonal antibody Ki-I in normal lymphoid tissue is the normal equivalent of H and SR cells.
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PMID:Identification of Hodgkin and Sternberg-reed cells as a unique cell type derived from a newly-detected small-cell population. 675 30

Apical caps, either unilateral or bilateral, are a common feature of advancing age and are usually the result of subpleural scarring unassociated with other diseases. Pancoast (superior sulcus) tumors are a well recognized cause of unilateral asymmetric apical density. Other lesions arising in the lung, pleura, or extrapleural space may produce unilateral or bilateral apical caps. These include: (1) inflammatory: tuberculosis and extrapleural abscesses extending from the neck; (2) post radiation fibrosis after mantle therapy for Hodgkin disease or supraclavicular radiation in the treatment of breast carcinoma; (3) neoplasm: lymphoma extending from the neck or mediastinum, superior sulcus bronchogenic carcinoma, and metastases; (4) traumatic: extrapleural dissection of blood from a ruptured aorta, fractures of the ribs or spine, or hemorrhage due to subclavian line placement; (5) vascular: coarctation of the aorta with dilated collaterals over the apex, fistula between the subclavian artery and vein; and (6) miscellaneous: mediastinal lipomatosis with subcostal fat extending over the apices.
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PMID:The apical cap. 678 37

In 1950 approximately one-half of the population of Muscogee County, Georgia, and Russell County, Alabama, who were over the age of 5 years took part in a tuberculosis survey that included a controlled trial of BCG vaccination. A total of 16,913 persons were classed as vaccinees and 17,854 as controls. By the end of 1977, nearly 28 years later, 423 controls and 429 vaccinees were known to have developed cancer. Inasmuch as only 379 cancer cases were expected among vaccinees, there was no indication of any general protective effect of BCG vaccination against cancer. There were 18 sites with 5 or more cancers among controls and vaccinees and with observed/expected ratios greater than 1.49 or less than 0.68. Fewer cancers among vaccinees than expected were found for only 6 of these 18 sites. Among the sites with excessive cases among vaccinees was the lymphoma-Hodgkin's disease-leukemia group [International Classification of Diseases (Eighth Revision) codes 200-202, 204-207], a group suspected from previous studies of occurring more frequently after BCG vaccination.
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PMID:BCG vaccination and the subsequent development of cancer in humans. 700 46


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