Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In his thesis inspired on Favre's works, Phylactos (in 1922) synthetized the knowledges prevailing then on the disease which was characterized in 1913 by Durand, Nicolas, and Favre. He distinguished this disease from tuberculosis, Hodgkin's disease, pestis, syphilis, and chancroid, thus establishing the basic elements of the clinical diagnosis of lymphogranuloma venereum. In 1924, Gamma described the intracellular inclusions, thus giving rise to the biological diagnosis. In 1925, Frei proved that the heated pus filtrate obtained from buboes induced a specific intradermal reaction. In 1927, Gay Prieto described the elementary corpuscles.
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PMID:[Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV). Biological diagnosis]. 80 91

From the moment WHO was established in 1948, the control of venereal diseases was felt to deserve highest priority, together with activities to control malaria and tuberculosis. International action was needed in view of the high morbidity and mortality from venereal diseases, their serious human and social consequences, and the prevalence of congenital syphilis and other sexually transmitted diseases (gonorrhoea, chancroid, venereal lymphogranulomatosis, granuloma inguinale). WHO immediately set up a global programme for the control of STDs and, with the participation of other agencies, especially UNICEF, furnished countries with assistance in the form of personnel, equipment and funds for the operation of programmes to assess the extent and impact of STDs and to plan and implement practical measure of control. The 1950s witnessed a steady and considerable decline in syphilis and gonorrhoea and many health authorities relaxed their control activities and efforts to maintain public awareness of the problem. In contrast to the prevailing optimism, WHO repeatedly stressed the possibility of a renewed upsurge of STDs. In the 1960s and 1970s, there was a sharp rise in STDs, both in the "classic" diseases (the five venereal diseases mentioned above) and also in the "second generation" STDs (chlamydial infection, genital herpes, human papillomavirus and other infections). Through its programme for the control of STDs, WHO put forward suitably designed control strategies, essentially based on information and education for health, screening for STDs, diagnosis and treatment of cases, contact tracing, and the training of health personnel. By the end of the 1970s, the bacterial, but not the viral STDs, had been contained in the industrialized countries. In many of the developing countries, STDs remained a priority public health problem, above all on account of the seriousness of their sequelae. In 1981, a new sexually transmitted disease-the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-was identified. As of 1982, the WHO Programme on STDs organized meetings to define the extent of the problem, compare experience, promote and coordinate research and propose strategies for prevention. In 1987, WHO established a Global Programme on AIDS. It is clear that the control of STDs is now more than ever a priority. We have strategies for the prevention and control of STDs and the WHO Programme will continue to collaborate closely with countries in strengthening their national control programmes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[The campaign against sexually transmissible diseases and endemic treponematoses]. 245 57

Several inflammatory processes can cause nodules or swelling in the neck. A complete physical examination and, usually, laboratory testing are required to establish the diagnosis. Common infections include cervical lymphadenitis and tuberculous lymphadenitis, cat-scratch disease, infection in the neck spaces, infectious mononucleosis, and syphilis. Primary or metastatic cancer may also be the cause. Cervical metastasis often presents as a neck mass. Although a primary tumor may not be found immediately when a neck mass is being evaluated, one is often discovered later. Other types of malignancy that may be present are histiocytic lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, rhabdomyosarcoma, thyroid cancer, and a salivary (most often parotid) gland tumor. Symptomatic treatment is sometimes adequate for infectious disease, but administration of antituberculous drugs or antibiotics may also be necessary. Incision and drainage are required for some nodes and abscesses. For neck masses caused by neoplasms, fine-needle aspiration cytology or biopsy is performed. Depending on the diagnosis, treatment consists of dissection, radiation therapy, and/or chemotherapy.
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PMID:The neck mass. 2. Inflammatory and neoplastic causes. 355 1

Meningitis should be suspected in a patient who presents with fever, meningism, or severe headache. A careful physical examination should be performed of perimeningeal foci, with emphasis on the sinuses, ears, throat, neck, and lungs. A history of exposure to tuberculosis, viral disease, rodents, or suspicious dairy products or farm animals may give clues to the source of the meningitis. Immunosuppression through the use of corticosteroids or chemotherapy for such conditions as Hodgkin's disease, lymphoma, leukemia, malnutrition, or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) should also be noted and alert the clinician to the possible presence of an unusual pathogen. Meningitis associated with leukemia or most of the non-T-cell lymphomas is likely to be from a common bacterial agent (often Listeria), unless the patient is being treated with a steroid or is receiving other chemotherapy. Patients with Hodgkin's disease or AIDS or who have been treated with a steroid are more likely to have cryptococcal or tuberculous meningitis. Neonates and the very elderly may present with only irritability or lethargy and fever, without any of the other common symptoms. In neonates up to one week of age, group B streptococcal infection should be suspected. Gram-negative organisms should be suspected in elderly patients and those who have had neurosurgery. In patients with CSF shunts, infection with coagulase-negative Staphylococcus should be assumed and these patients are treated empirically until results of cultures are received. Several noninfectious conditions may mimic infectious meningitis, as may some unusual causes of infectious meningitis (eg, syphilis and schistosomiasis), which have not been discussed in this article.
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PMID:The many causes of meningitis. 361 11

An instance of hepar lobatum of unusual etiology is described. Because metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma in our patient involved multiple organs including the liver, chemotherapy was administered. There was total regression of the liver metastases at autopsy with cicatrization of the previous sites of neoplastic involvement. The scarring subdivided the liver into irregular areas resulting in the characteristic gross appearance of hepar lobatum. Evidence of syphilis or Hodgkin's disease was not found. Radioisotopic liver scans taken before and after the administration of chemotherapy are included to correlate the clinical findings with the pathological observations.
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PMID:Complete chemotherapeutic regression of hepatic metastases with resultant hepar lobatum. 381 20

We report on a patient suffering from early secondary syphilis associated with hepatitis and generalized papular rash which clinically and histologically appeared as non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the centrocytic-centroblastic type. The benign course and the response of the papular rash to penicillin therapy as well as repeated histological examination of many plasma cells and epithelioid cells, however, revealed pseudolymphoma.
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PMID:[Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma-like pseudolymphoma in syphilis II]. 401 59

Forty cases of dermatopathic lymphadenopathy were found in a series of 906 consecutive lymph node biopsies (4.8 per cent). The histologic development and progression of the disease was correlated with the clinical state of the patient. In 35 of 40 cases the patients had active skin disease at the time of the biopsy; one of the remaining five patients had Hodgkin's disease, one had multiple myeloma and one had secondary syphilis. In the other two, no organic cause was found. In nine cases (22.5 per cent), the histological pattern typical of dermatopathic lymphadenopathy was associated with malignant lymphoma. Except for two biopsies, which showed coexisting malignant lymphoma and dermatopathic lymphadenopathy, no histologic features were found which distinguished patients with malignant lymphoma from the remainder. While the pathogenesis of the lymph node changes remains obscure, the histologic features suggest that it is at least in part an immune response, although the nature of the responsible antigen is unknown.
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PMID:Dermatopathic lymphadenopathy a clinicopathologic analysis of lymph node biopsy over a fifteen-year period. 534 44

A 48-year-old homosexual with contacts in different countries, including Haiti, presented with multiple pigmented or bluish nodules on both lower legs and upper arms. He had a history of secondary syphilis, hepatitis B and herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Biopsies of the skin tumors revealed a typical Kaposi's sarcoma of low grade malignancy. The endothelial origin of the tumor was indicated by the presence of specific endothelial organelles (Weibel-Palade bodies) in the cytoplasma of the tumor cells. Erythrocyte phagocytosis was found in tumor cells within and without the vascular channels. Laboratory tests were compatible with the clinical diagnosis of an acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) with a helper: suppressor T-lymphocyte ratio of 0.28 and a cutaneous anergy. In the course of the illness tumors of the stomach and duodenum were detected. Histology showed a malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma of high grade malignancy. Within weeks the patient died in a cachectic state. Autopsy revealed a Kaposi's sarcoma of the skin with metastases in the stomach and a wide-spread malignant lymphoma in the gastrointestinal tract, in several visceral organs and in many lymph nodes.
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PMID:Kaposi's sarcoma and malignant lymphoma in AIDS. 642 64

Stage IB carcinoma of the cervix may be treated primarily by either radiotherapy of operation. A primary surgical approach was used in 95 patients for the following indications: young age with desire to retain ovarian function (124), pelvic inflammatory disease (33), pregnant or post partum (15), refusal of radiotherapy (11), anatomic problems contraindicating radiotherapy (10), undiagnosed pelvic mass (seven), verrucous tumor (three), mucus-secreting tumor (two), syphilis (one), and previous radiotherapy for Hodgkin's disease (one). Twelve patients had two indications. The surgical procedures were radical abdominal hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection (191) and Schauta-Amreich (radical vaginal) hysterectomy (4). Fourteen patients had serious postoperative complications. The uncorrected 5-year survival rate (95.1% follow-up) was 91.1%. The rationale for recommending a primary surgical approach to selected patients with Stage IB cervical carcinoma is presented.
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PMID:Primary surgical treatment in one hundred ninety-five cases of stage IB carcinoma of the cervix. 709 Dec 29

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has, since it was first reported in 1981, become a worldwide epidemic. The immunosuppressive nature of HIV results in opportunistic infections, neoplasms, and other pathological conditions. Clinical manifestations of these conditions are often the first indication that an individual is infected with HIV. This article reports and describes the clinical findings for 174 HIV-positive patients and is intended to educate Thai physicians concerning the rising HIV infection rate in Thailand. The opportunistic infectious agents included fungal, parasitic, viral, and bacterial organisms. Cryptococcosis, penicillosis, candidiasis, and histoplasmosis are fungal diseases which are discussed. Protozoal organisms and diseases covered are Pneumocystis carinii, toxoplasmosis, cryptosporidiosis, isosporiosis, and Demodex folliculorum. Bacterial infections addressed are tuberculosis, syphilis, and salmonellosis. The parasite causing nocardiosis is also discussed. Viral infections addressed are cytomegalovirus infection, herpes simplex, and hairy leukoplakia. Neoplasms or tumors discussed are Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkins lymphoma. Other pathological conditions described are brain atrophy, HIV retinopathy, and HIV wasting syndrome. In most cases, a suggested therapy regime is given for the condition discussed.
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PMID:Clinical manifestations of 174 AIDS cases in Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital. 840 18


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