Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A young woman, successfully treated for Hodgkin's disease with radiation and MOPP chemotherapy, incurred a devastating stroke months after radiation therapy to the neck and other areas. There was no premonitory clinical history of cerebrovascular attacks. Autopsy showed unilateral thrombotic occlusion of the internal carotid artery unassociated with neoplastic or fibrotic annular constriction of the vessel. There was medial thickening and fibroblastic proliferation within the carotid artery. Areas of focal elastic membrane degeneration involved the cervical portions of the carotid. Thrombus was organized to the damaged vessel wall and was propagated into the intracranial vessels. Aneurysm formation and arterial hemorrhages were absent. These vascular changes occurred in an area of extensive radiation (7200 rads). Pathoanatomical studies in this patient indicate that radiation-induced vascular changes were associated with a "delayed" stroke.
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PMID:Delayed cerebrovascular consequences of therapeutic radiation. A clinicopathologic study of a stroke associated with radiation-related carotid arteriopathy. 119 59

We reported the first case of angiotropic lymphoma diagnosed by adrenal biopsy in Japan. Immunohistochemical study and southern blot hybridization analysis proved it to be B-lymphocyte origin. A 61-year-old man with history of mild hypertension and diabetes mellitus was admitted to our department because of recurrent minor stroke. On admission, general physical findings were normal. Laboratory investigations showed an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and increased serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) level. The serial computed tomographic (CT) scan of the brain showed multifocal abnormal density lesions in bilateral hemispheres. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain demonstrated multiple lesions of increased signal intensity in the brainstem and bilateral hemispheres. A subsequent CT scan of the abdomen revealed swelling of bilateral adrenal glands. Adrenal biopsy was performed. Biopsy samples showed the intravascular proliferation of malignant lymphoma cells, non-Hodgkin, diffuse large cell type. These cells had the immunophenotype of a B cell lymphoma (reactive with the antileukocyte common antigen, anti-MB-1, anti-MB-2 and anti-MX-pan B, and unreactive with the anti-MT-1, anti-UCHL, anti-Ki, anti-kappa, anti-lambda and antifactor-VIII). Southern blot hybridization analysis showed monoclonal rearrangements of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene, which strongly suggested a B-lymphocyte origin. Thus, a diagnosis of angiotropic lymphoma was made. As soon as chemotherapy was begun, the patient fell into deep coma. A repeat CT scan of the brain was normal. His clinical status gradually deteriorated, and he died 18 months after his initial symptom. Autopsy, which was limited to the body, revealed characteristic systemic intravascular stagnation of lymphoma cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of angiotropic lymphoma diagnosed by adrenal biopsy]. 129 Nov 69

Anemia is a common complication of lymphoproliferative syndromes. The exact pathogenic mechanism of this anemia is unclear. Many patients require progressive and persistent blood transfusions. We treated 10 patients (8 with multiple myeloma, 1 with non Hodgkin Lymphoma, 1 with chronic lymphocytic leukemia) by administering low doses of recombinant human erythropoietin (60 U/kg 3 times a week s.c.). All patients presented anemia with hemoglobin levels less than 10 gr/dl; renal function was not impaired (serum creatinine levels less than 1.2 mg/dl or creatinine clearance greater than 60 ml/min). A response was defined as an increase of hemoglobin level of at least 2 gr/dl or stop of red-cell transfusion within the first 3 months of treatment. Nine patients (90%) responded to treatment with a significant increase in the hemoglobin concentration. Two patients presented a cerebral stroke not correlated with erythropoietin administration.
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PMID:[Efficacy of erythropoietin in anemia of patients with immuno-lymphoproliferative disease]. 152 59

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), once considered a benign and nonprogressive disease, is a debilitating condition with serious physical, emotional, and economic consequences. It afflicts approximately 1% of the adult population worldwide; prevalence increases with age, with twice as many women as men affected. In the United States, age, lack of formal education, and lower socioeconomic class correlate with both the incidence and poor prognosis of RA. The patient with RA faces increasing functional disability, the likelihood of work disability within 10 years after the onset of the disease, and a drastic reduction in earnings. Compared with individuals without the disease, patients with RA incur higher medical care costs, increased hospitalization, and a greater number of physician visits. As in the general population, the leading cause of death among patients with RA is cardiovascular disease, and deaths due to malignancy occur at a comparable incidence; however, patients with RA are at greater risk of mortality due to infection, renal disease, respiratory conditions, and gastrointestinal disease. Life expectancy is shorter among patients with RA than in the general population, and survival rates are comparable to those for Hodgkin's disease, diabetes mellitus, stroke, and three-vessel coronary artery disease. Efforts must be made to develop improved therapeutic strategies and rehabilitative programs to improve the quality of life of patients with RA.
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PMID:Worldwide trends in the socioeconomic impact and long-term prognosis of rheumatoid arthritis. 183 80

A retrospective analysis of 22 patients with central nervous system (CNS) non-Hodgkin's lymphomas seen from 1978 to 1989 at Hamamatsu University Hospital was carried out. These were corresponding to 16% (22/137) of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas treated by irradiation during the same period. Six patients had primary intracranial involvement, six had secondary one, five had leptomeningeal involvement and five had spinal cord compression. Median survival of these groups 29 months, 7 months, 6 months and 4 months, respectively. On the case primary intracranial involvement, neurological signs and symptoms and performance status (PS) were improved in most patients. Whole brain irradiation with a dose of 45 Gy to 50 Gy followed by systemic chemotherapy was considered as effective treatment modalities. On the other hands, for the secondary intracranial lymphomas, clinical symptoms and PS were excellently improved by radiation therapy, however these were not reflected to survival. The conditions having primary site on gastrointestinal tract and relapse as systemic dissemination were considerable risk factors for the control of CNS involvement. For these patients, prophylactic chemotherapy should be necessary. Improvement of PS on patients with leptomeningeal lymphomas was obtained in only 3 of 5 cases. These were treated by irradiation on whole spine or neuroaxis and intrathecal MTX injection. We observed 2 cases dying from cerebrovascular accident and one case from leukoencephalopathy. This showed that such combination therapy should be carefully attempted. Five patients having spinal cord compression suffered from paraplegia and none of them had been improved on their symptoms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Radiation therapy of CNS lymphoma]. 227 18

In a prospective randomized study of treatment for early-stage Hodgkin's disease presenting above the diaphragm, 76 patients had staging by laparotomy (Group I) and 28 had staging by closed techniques (Group II). Treatment consisted of involved-field radiotherapy alone (44 patients), involved-field radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy (38 patients), total nodal radiotherapy alone (15 patients), or total nodal radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy (seven patients). On presentation, both groups had similar clinical features and similar treatment distribution. With similar follow-up (87 months), no significant differences in remission or survival were observed between Groups I and II: remission 59 versus 68 percent; survival 74 versus 92 percent; p value 0.27 and 0.09, respectively. Multiple areas of relapse were more frequently observed in Group I (11 of 32 had relapse) as compared with Group II (none of nine had relapse, p less than 0.082). In Group I, relapse in the abdomen was observed as an isolated event or as part of disseminated relapse in 12 percent of patients compared with 3 percent (one patient) in Group II with abdominal relapse alone. Seven patients in Group I and two patients in Group II died with Hodgkin's disease. Six other patients in Group I died with complete remission of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (one patient), leukoencephalopathy (one patient), sepsis during chemotherapy (two patients), myocardial infarction (one patient), and cerebrovascular accident (one patient). Three other patients in this group had other secondary malignancies successfully controlled (histiocytic lymphoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, and malignant schwannoma). No second primary lesions or death with complete remission were observed in Group II. Staging laparotomy with splenectomy in early-stage Hodgkin's disease did not improve the duration of remission or survival or decrease the number of abdominal relapses compared with closed staging.
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PMID:Staging laparotomy and splenectomy in early Hodgkin's disease. No therapeutic benefit. 638 Feb 86

A retrospective study of 910 patients surviving at least five years after cervical irradiation for Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, or primary head an neck neoplasms showed the incidence of stroke following cervical irradiation was 63 of 910 patients (6.3%) during a mean period of observation of nine years. This represents a trend toward an increased risk for this population observed over the same period of time (p = 0.39). A prospective study of 118 similar patients currently living five years after cervical radiotherapy was performed to determine the incidence of carotid artery disease occurring as a consequence of neck irradiation. Abnormal carotid phonangiograms (CPA) were found in 25% of the patients and abnormal oculoplethysmographs (OPG) were found in 17%. These studies represent significant carotid lesions that are not expected in such a population. It is concluded that the carotid stenoses demonstrated are most likely a consequence of prior irradiation. Patients that are five-year survivors of cervical irradiation should have noninvasive vascular laboratory studies performed as part of their routine follow-up examinations in order to detect these carotid lesions while they are occult.
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PMID:Carotid artery disease following external cervical irradiation. 729 30

Chemotherapy using cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, etoposide, cytarabine, bleomycin, vincristine, methotrexate with leucovorin, and prednisone (ProMACE-CytaBOM) for patients with intermediate or high grade non-Hodgkin lymphomas (G, H and K according to the Working Formulation), was tested by the Gruppo Cooperativo Lombardo to confirm the activity of the regimen and to test the feasibility and safety of administering third-generation drug regimen in a cooperative group setting. Among 64 previously untreated patients, aged between 20 and 71 years, 7 had stage IB-IIB, 12 had stage IIIA-B, 45 (67%) had stage IVA-B. There were 44 complete remissions (CRs) (69%) and 14 partial remissions (22%); the difference between patients in stage I-II-III (84% complete remissions) and those in stage IV (62% complete remissions) was statistically significant. The median length of follow up was 20 months (range 1-60 months), with 56% of patients alive at 60 months and 53% of CRs patients free of disease at 60 months. Patients in stage I-II-III have the best survival and disease free survival compared to stage IV, 87% versus 42% and 72% versus 32% respectively (both with high statistical significance). Grade 3-4 (WHO) haematological toxicity was observed in 39% of patients, with 3 septic deaths. Two more patients died with chemotherapy related toxicity (1 stroke and 1 acute renal insufficiency). Administration of ProMACE-CytaBOM is a feasible and safe regimen although it presents moderate toxicity. ProMACE-CytaBOM may represent improved treatment for aggressive lymphomas, in terms of duration of response and survival, but a longer follow up is needed.
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PMID:A cooperative study on ProMACE-CytaBOM in aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. 751 42

Ninety children were treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia or non-Hodgkin lymphoma during 1986 through 1992 in the Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, in Finland. During induction chemotherapy, nine of the children had visual hallucinations progressing to confusion and seizure. The symptoms were often preceded by severe constipation and significantly elevated blood pressure. Neuroradiologic examinations showed bilateral cortical or subcortical white matter lesions. Despite the stroke like manifestations, the lesions were reversible. The triangular shape and location of the lesions in the watershed areas between the major cerebral arteries suggest vascular ischemia as the cause.
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PMID:Transient ischemic cerebral lesions during induction chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 822 79

Primary lymphoma of the central nervous system, until recently representing about 1% of all brain tumours, shows a dramatically increased incidence in the general population as well as in high-risk groups (immunocompromised, AIDS), and may rise up to 6% in a population of AIDS patients. The clinical presentation is variable and cannot reliably be distinguished from other intracerebral tumours. At present, CT and MRI are the methods of choice for diagnosing cerebral lymphomas. However, their characteristics are not specific. The radiological picture may suggest glioma, meningioma, metastatic carcinoma or even a cerebrovascular accident. A labelled somatostatin analogue (pentetreotide) has been proposed as a new tracer for the imaging of somatostatin receptors, which have been identified by immunocytochemical or radioimmunoassay techniques in several organ systems. Somatostatin receptors were also identified in surgical biopsy samples from patients with Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma and extracerebral lymphoma has already been visualised in vivo by means of In-111-labelled pentetreotide. While CT images of the brain showed a regression of the tumour after radiotherapeutic treatment, the scintigraphic images showed persistence of the tumoural tissue, corresponding with the clinical evolution and outcome. Furthermore, the absence of extra-cerebral lymphoma tissue, seen on the whole body images, was confirmed by post-mortem examination. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a primary intracerebral lymphoma visualised by means In-111-pentetreotide.
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PMID:Primary cerebral lymphoma visualised by means of In-111-pentetreotide scintigraphy. 992 25


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