Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have registered 2,064 cases of cancer among the inhabitants of Conakry, Guinea, during 1992-1994, corresponding to age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) of 83.3 per 100,000 in men and 110.5 per 100,000 in women. As elsewhere in West Africa, the principal cancer of men was liver cancer (ASR 32.6), with modest rates of stomach (ASR 6.2) and prostate (ASR 8.1) cancers. In women, cervix cancer was the dominant malignancy (ASR 46.0), followed by liver cancer (ASR 12.5) and breast cancer (ASR 10.9). In contrast to contemporary East and Central Africa, Kaposi's sarcoma remained rare (only 4 cases). In the childhood age group, relatively high incidence rates were found for Hodgkin's disease, Burkitt's lymphoma and, especially, retinoblastoma.
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PMID:Cancer incidence in Conakry, Guinea: first results from the Cancer Registry 1992-1995. 898 88

Thirty two cases of solid tumours in newborns and infants were observed by the authors over a 15 year period. The most common type of tumours were soft tissue tumours (n = 8), neuroblastomas (n = 7), nephroblastomas (n = 5) and germ cell tumours (n = 5). Other types of embryonal tumours such as retinoblastoma and hepatoblastoma were observed in four children and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in three children. Of 25 children followed up 18 survived. Five children died of their tumours and two children died of causes unrelated to their basic disease. Analysis of the fate of the patients and the effect of the therapy is made. It is concluded that malignant tumours prevail in infancy (90.6% of all cases). The percentage of patients treated successfully with insignificant risk for consequences from radiotherapy and chemotherapy is also high (72%).
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PMID:Solid tumours in newborns and infants. 914 89

In the framework of the ITACARE project, a cooperative investigation conducted on the data from the Italian population-based cancer registries, survival of patients with childhood malignant neoplasms was studied. The study included 1,768 cases diagnosed at age 0-14 plus 29 osteosarcoma cases diagnosed at age 15-19. Cases were collected over the period 1978-1989, or more limited periods for some participating registries. A total of 1,138 cases were from the Childhood Cancer Registry of Piedmont and 659 from the registries operating in the provinces of Varese, Parma, Modena, Forli and Ravenna, Florence, Latina, Ragusa and in the cities of Genova and Torino (the last contributed only for bone neoplasm diagnosed at age 15-19). Overall 5-year survival was 54% for malignancies diagnosed in 1978-1981, 60% for the period 1982-1985; and 69% for the period 1986-1989. The range among registries of 5-year survival for cases diagnosed in 1986-1989 was 55-78%. Most diagnostic categories presented an improved prognosis for the cases diagnosed more recently. For cases diagnosed in 1986-1989, 5-year survival was: 74% for acute lymphatic leukaemia, 40% for acute non-lymphatic leukaemia, 65% for central nervous system neoplasms (76% for astrocytoma, 75% for ependymoma and 85% for medulloblastoma), 66% for osteosarcoma, 55% for Ewing's sarcoma, 87% for Hodgkin's disease, 64% for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 74% for rhabdomyosarcoma, 64% for neuroblastoma, 78% for nephroblastoma and 100% for retinoblastoma. Italian survival was similar to that observed in other population-based surveys in the UK and USA.
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PMID:Survival of childhood cancer patients in Italy, 1978-1989. ITACARE Working Group. 915 68

Previous studies have shown that in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and others neoplasms, tumoral progression, treatment response, and outcome are related to the expression of different oncogenic and tumor suppressor proteins. This study aimed to determine the prognostic significance of the expression of p53, bcl2, retinoblastoma protein (Rb), Ki67, CD15, and latent membrane protein 1-Epstein-Barr Virus (LMP1-EBV) proteins in Hodgkin's disease. A retrospective study was performed on 140 patients collected at the 11 participating centers belonging to the Spanish Collaborative Group for the Study of Hodgkin's Disease. A highly sensitive immunohistochemical method with previous microwave-induced antigen retrieval technique was used for the demonstration of the above-mentioned proteins. A Cox's multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of the variables in the overall survival, together with a logistic regression model for the achievement of complete remission. Univariate statistical analysis confirmed the prognostic significance of the alredy known clinical parameters: stage, age over 60 years, and B symptoms. High proliferation index (Ki67) and loss of Rb expression were also found to be adverse prognostic factors influencing respectively lower overall survival and failure to achieve complete remission. Multivariate analysis confirmed the independent significance of these two parameters and additionally identifies LMP1-EBV expression as a favorable prognostic marker, in relation with overall survival. Histopathological type, p53, bcl2, and CD15 expression lack significant influence on the outcome of this series. The progression of the disease or the response to treatment in HD patients is the consequence of the interrelationship of different factors, among which LMP1 expression, loss of Rb, and high growth fraction seems to play a more relevant role.
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PMID:Adverse clinical outcome in Hodgkin's disease is associated with loss of retinoblastoma protein expression, high Ki67 proliferation index, and absence of Epstein-Barr virus-latent membrane protein 1 expression. 931 Apr 94

Solid malignant tumours (n = 263) excluding brain and spinal cord tumours in children up to 14 years of age were studied. Retinoblastoma (27%) constituted the largest group followed by Wilms' tumour (14.1%) and lymphoma (13.7%). Most patients (55%) were of less than 5 years age and maximum incidence of embryonal tumours was found in this age group; other tumours were more frequent in higher age. A male preponderance was noted (male to female ratio as 1.6:1). Amongst lymphoma, 61% were non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and rest were Hodgkin's disease; 2 cases of Burkitt's lymphoma were found. Other notable tumours encountered in the study were embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (n = 14), hepatoblastoma (n = 9), neuroblastoma (n = 7), Ewing's sarcoma (n = 21), osteogenic sarcoma (n = 19) and germ cell tumours (n = 14).
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PMID:Pattern of solid malignant tumours in children--a ten-year study. 935 72

A retrospective analysis of 515 pediatric cancer cases diagnosed over 18 years, 1973-1990, showed an annual incidence of pediatric solid tumors in northern Israel of 77.1 per million, somewhat lower than previously reported. Lymphomas predominated over central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms, suggesting an Afro-Asian rather than a Western pattern. Jewish and non-Jewish children were at approximately equal risk (1:07:1.0) for the nonleukemic cancer. However, there was a notably higher frequency in males than females (1:42:1.0) and in Ashkenasi Jews as compared to either Sephardi Jews (1.25:1.00) or non-Jews (1.23:1.0). Ethnic, age, and sex predispositions for particular types of malignancy were also noted. Non-Jews tended to have lymphomas or retinoblastomas and Sephardi Jews were predisposed to soft tissue sarcomas. Ashkenasi Jews tended to manifest CNS tumors, retinoblastoma, and osteosarcoma. Children under 5 years showed Burkitt's lymphoma and neuroblastoma, whereas the older group tended to have Hodgkin's lymphoma. Boys were more vulnerable to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, medulloblastoma, neuroblastoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma, and girls were subject to higher incidences of bone, gonadal, germ cell, and epithelial tumors, as well as to astrocytoma. The implications for genetic or environmental contributions to several cancers are considered in conjunction with ethnic or gender predisposition to those cancers.
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PMID:Patterns of childhood solid tumor incidence in northern Israel, 1973-1990. 938 5

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is an uncommon but serious complication of patients who undergo autologous bone marrow transplantation (auto-BMT) for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or Hodgkin's disease. Some patients exhibit an indolent course, but others succumb to aggressive disease. p53 overexpression is rare in de novo MDS but common in therapy-associated MDS. We used an immunostaining method to analyze expression of p53, the p53-associated tumor suppressor gene products, MDM2, p21waf1, retinoblastoma gene protein (pRB), and the antiapoptotic oncoprotein bcl-2 before and after BMT in BM specimens from eight patients with clonal karyotypic abnormalities characteristic of MDS. Staining was compared with findings in normal BM specimens and specimens from auto-BMT controls and patients with de novo MDS. p53 protein was found in three (75%) of four post-transplantation specimens from patients in whom a clinically aggressive form of MDS developed. In contrast, p53 was absent in all of the specimens from four patients with karyotypic evidence of MDS, but with indolent disease. bcl-2 protein was overexpressed by immature myeloid cells in seven of eight pre-BMT specimens. After BMT, it was predominantly found at low levels in cases positive for p53. MDM2 was present only after transplantation and was found with equal frequency in patients with indolent and aggressive MDS. We detected p21waf1 in only one aggressive post-BMT MDS specimen. pRB was normally expressed in all of the specimens. These data show that p53 and bcl-2 staining patterns in post-transplantation MDS are similar to those described in therapy-associated MDS. p53 positivity is associated with poor prognosis in auto-BMT patients with MDS. Expression of MDM2, p21waf1, and pRB in this group of patients is not helpful in predicting outcome.
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PMID:Expression of p53, MDM2, p21waf1, bcl-2, and retinoblastoma gene proteins in myelodysplastic syndrome after autologous bone marrow transplantation for lymphoma. 938 63

Second malignancy after childhood neoplasms is a well-known complication. However, frequency differs considerably according to the types of primary neoplasm and the specifics of therapy. Ten patients with a second malignancy after being cured of the primary tumor are described. There were 2 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, one with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and one with breast cancer after Hodgkin's disease. Two patients with heritable retinoblastoma developed osteosarcomas in the irradiation field after a latent period of 7 and 14 years respectively. There was another osteosarcoma in a Wilms' tumor survivor. One patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia developed a secondary AML 10 years after achieving initial remission, and a meningioma was diagnosed in another patient with cured acute lymphoblastic leukemia. One patient died of peritoneal sarcomatosis of unknown origin 20 years after the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia. All patients received radiotherapy for the primary neoplasms. Secondary neoplasms in other patients were probably missed because they occurred in adulthood when the patients were transferred to other medical centres. It is impossible to trace these patients because central registration of patients with neoplasms is lacking. It is therefore important to establish a central cancer registry for the whole of Switzerland. Second malignancy after childhood cancer is not a rare event and requires long-term follow-up of patients with neoplasms.
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PMID:[Insufficient understanding of second tumors after childhood neoplasms in Switzerland]. 958 99

The products of the MTS1/CDKN2 and retinoblastoma (RB) tumor suppressor genes, p16 and pRB, act as agonists in controlling the late G1 cell cycle checkpoint. Inactivation of either gene occurs in a wide range of human malignant neoplasms. Data on the expression of both genes in the same set of malignant lymphoid neoplasms are scarce. We studied the p16/pRB pathway in low-grade and high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, using immunohistochemical techniques. Paraffin sections of 9 reactive lymph nodes and 43 low-grade and 60 high-grade malignant lymphomas were reacted with antibodies against pRB and p16. All benign lymph nodes showed a normal pattern of RB and MTS1/CDKN2 expression. Of 101 evaluable lymphomas, only a single high-grade tumor displayed loss of RB reactivity. Loss of p16 was identified in 14 of 55 evaluable high-grade lymphomas but not in any of the low-grade lesions. All but 3 of the RB- and p16-negative cases were diffuse large cell lymphomas, for an abnormality rate of 55% in this category. While loss of RB function was a rare event in human lymphomagenesis, p16 was absent in some 25% of high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas; diffuse large cell lymphomas were the primary target of tumor suppressor gene inactivation.
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PMID:Loss of tumor suppressor gene expression in high-grade but not low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. 962 22

The aim of this study was to explore the expression of retinoblastoma protein and EBV status in a cohort of cases of Hodgkin's disease from South Africa. Seventy one cases of Hodgkin's disease were accessed over a 6-year period and were classified according to the Rye Classification. Relevant sections were stained with commercially available antibodies to retinoblastoma protein (pRb) and EBV-LMP-1. In addition, in situ hybridization for EBERs was also performed. The results of this study show that 43 of 71 cases expressed EBV by both immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. These included 18 mixed cellularity, 19 nodular sclerosis and six lymphocyte depleted subtypes. pRb expression was seen in lymphocytes, mononuclear Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg cells in 67 of the cases. From this study it appears that pRb expression is seen in the majority of cases of Hodgkin's disease: 67/71 (94.4 per cent). Thirty-nine of 43 cases (90.7 per cent) of EBV positive cases were also positive for pRb. The results of this study indicate that pRb immunoexpression is detected in the vast majority of cases of Hodgkin's disease, and that this expression is independent of the EBV status of the case.
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PMID:Retinoblastoma protein and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) expression in South African Hodgkin's disease. 972 90


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