Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Although cytotoxic immunosuppressive agents play an unquestionably useful role in treating many neoplastic and non-neoplastic disorders, there is accumulating evidence that the toxicity associated with their use is considerable. The therapeutic successes obtained with antitumor agents have led to increases in the life span of cancer patients, but have also provided the opportunity for this toxicity to become manifest. A search of the available literature was carried out, with emphasis on cases in which a malignancy developed in patients following chemotherapy for either neoplastic or non-neoplastic (e.g., renal transplantation, psoriasis) conditions; particular focus was given to the incidence of acute myelogenous leukemia in various groups of Hodgkin's disease and multiple myeloma patients. That patients with nonmalignant conditions treated with cytotoxic immunosuppressive agents are also at increased risk of developing a malignancy raises the possibility that these agents may have oncogenic potential. Therefore, one may be faced with the paradox that the patients benefiting most from chemotherapy may be at highest risk of suffering its consequences.
 ...
PMID:The action of antitumor agents: a double-edged sword? 32 50

Significant associations have been found between the HLA antigens or haplotypes and certain diseases and deficiencies. These associations have opened up new areas of clinical investigation. In man, associations have been shown between the presence of Hodgkin's Disease and a number of cross-reacting HLA types (BW5, BW15, BW18), between systemic Lupus erythematosus and HLA type BW15 in Caucasians and BW35 in blacks, between HLA B37 and ankylosing spondylitis in Caucasians, between HLA B8 and gluten-sensitive enteropathy and between HLA B13 and psoriasis, a disease having a strong hereditary element. In ophthalmology, Shin and Becker have shown that the prevalence of HLA B7 and B12 antigens was significantly higher in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma than in the non-glaucomatous population. The purpose of this communication is to report the presence of HLA B27 antigen in the mother and two siblings with keratoconus.
 ...
PMID:HLA antigens and keratoconus. 91 Nov 19

The author has performed in vivo investigations of the methotrexate (MTX) accumulation, kinetics and polyglutamate metabolism in erythrocytes, neutrophils and myeloid bone marrow cells during clinical MTX therapy of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), non-Hodgkin lymphoma and psoriasis. On the basis of these studies the clinical applicability of monitoring erythrocyte MTX concentrations in children with ALL and adult psoriasis patients have been evaluated. To accomplish this task a set of methods has been developed: 1) An automated enzymatic assay adapted for a centrifugal analyzer was used to measure MTX concentrations between 10 and 60 nmol/l in erythrocytes and serum. 2) For the study of MTX kinetics in myeloid cells, age fractionated erythrocytes and HPLC fractionated methotrexate polyglutamates a sequential radioligand binding assay with a range of 1-8 (and 1-16) nmol/l was employed. 3) Discontinuous Percoll gradients of increasing densities were used to separate myeloid cells and erythrocytes of increasing mean cell age. Declining reticulocyte counts and erythrocyte-aspartate aminotransferase activity were taken as parameters of increasing mean erythrocyte age. 4) In order to study MTX polyglutamate metabolism a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) procedure was set up using tetrabutylammonium phosphate in acetonitrile in an automatically generated gradient buffer system. The MTX polyglutamates were separated, and the concentrations determined by the radioligand binding assay. The individual polyglutamates were identified by comparisons with the retention times of MTX polyglutamate standards (MTX-glu1+2+3+4+6+7) which were detected spectrophotometrically at 304 nm. During 24 hour infusions MTX was incorporated predominantly in the proliferating myeloid bone marrow cells before appearing in circulating neutrophils about seven days later. Evidence for MTX incorporation in the erythroid precursors of the bone marrow was provided by demonstrating high MTX content in density fractionated reticulocyte enriched erythrocyte populations. During weekly low dose MTX treatment the erythrocyte MTX concentration reached a constant level (steady state ery-MTX) after 4-6 weeks. MTX concentrations in age fractionated red blood cells and the terminal decline of the ery-MTX and its polyglutamate forms after cessation of MTX administration revealed that maintenance of the steady state ery-MTX depended on three conditions: 1) The amount of MTX added to the circulation via MTX containing reticulocytes. 2) The in vivo efflux of MTX from circulating erythrocytes, and 3) The loss of MTX with age dependent destruction of red blood cells. The in vivo efflux of MTX accounted for a loss of MTX which was 3-4 times greater than the amount that was lost with age dependent erythrocyte destruction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:In vivo methotrexate kinetics and metabolism in human hematopoietic cells. Clinical significance of methotrexate concentrations in erythrocytes. 217 86

The antigenic activation of T lymphocytes depends on the production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and on the expression of a membrane-specific receptor (IL-2R). This receptor, a dimer composed of a 57 kD chain, is also present on some B lymphocytes and activated macrophages (anti-TAC) grouped together in CD25. A soluble form of IL-2R (sIL-2R) was recently identified, comprising the extracellular part of the chain (45 kD) which is released by the cell in body fluids. The presence of sIL-2R in serum can be assayed using ELISA (Cell free, T cell Sciences, Cambridge, MA). Normal values range between 100 and 500 U/ml, with a mean value of 375 U/ml. Marked increases of sIL-2R, with levels of up to 50,000 U/ml, have been observed in various diseases: hairy cell leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, acute leukemia, B-CLL, ATL and Sezary's syndrome. Lesser increases are also found in autoimmune diseases, viral infections, and following organ transplantation. Many Authors have described the close correlation between sIL-2R levels and the clinical evolution of the disease. Soluble IL-2 receptors were studied in 184 patients affected by skin diseases: eczematous dermatitis, lichen, psoriasis, erythroderma psoriaticum, dermatomyositis, scleroderma bullous dermatosis, melanoma, Kaposi's disease, lymphomatoid papulosis, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, mycosis fungoides (MF), Sezary's syndrome (SS). Increased serum levels of sIL-R2 were found in non-neoplastic dermatological diseases, including autoimmune related pathologies. Values were normal (396 +/- 170 U/ml) in patients affected by Stage 1 melanoma, but increased (558 +/- 291 U/ml) in cases with visceral involvement.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Serum levels of soluble receptors of interleukin-2 in skin pathology]. 236 99

We present a case of a 69 year old man who died with a progressive systemic disease. This case demonstrated a multiple clinical evidence with aspects of psoriasis, parapsoriasis en plaques, mycosis fungoides, lymphogranulomatosis and finally of the disseminated type of pagetoid reticulosis. The last biopsies always demonstrated the typical histology of pagetoid reticulosis. The earlier biopsies revealed findings similar to mycosis fungoides and even in part similar to lymphogranulomatosis.
 ...
PMID:[Disseminated type of pagetoid reticulosis? Mycosis fungoides?]. 626 69

The finding of epithelioid cell granulomas within liver biopsies is a not uncommon occurrence. We undertook this study to investigate the underlying conditions responsible for a diagnosis of granulomatous hepatitis in Northern Ireland during the thirteen year period 1980-1992. One hundred and sixty-three patients with hepatic granulomas were identified, accounting for 4% of all liver biopsies undertaken during the period of the study. In 145 cases (89%) a definite clinical diagnosis was established. The most common clinical diagnoses were primary biliary cirrhosis which accounted for 90 cases (55%) and sarcoidosis which accounted for 30 cases (18%). Other less common conditions associated with hepatic granulomas included tuberculosis (3 cases), Crohn's disease (3 cases), chronic active hepatitis (2 cases), drug hypersensitivity (2 cases) and extra-hepatic biliary obstruction (2 cases). Six patients were identified with a clinical diagnosis of psoriasis. Other miscellaneous conditions accounting for single examples of granulomatous inflammation were schistosomiasis, gout, Hodgkin's disease, secondary adenocarcinoma, collapse and necrosis of tumour following radiotherapy and chemotherapy, granulomatous inflammation within the wall of an abscess cavity and idiopathic cirrhosis. Only eighteen cases (11%) remained idiopathic with no definite diagnosis established after detailed investigation. The findings confirm the wide range of clinical conditions which can result in hepatic epithelioid cell granulomas. This has been emphasised in several previous major studies which are reviewed in this paper.
 ...
PMID:Hepatic granulomas in Northern Ireland: a thirteen year review. 782 89

The authors retrospectively reviewed the charts, radiographs, and other accompanying imaging studies of 45 patients with musculoskeletal abnormalities associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. These included 19 patients with osseous infection, including eight with osteomyelitis, seven with bacillary angiomatosis (six of whom were described in a previous report), and four with septic arthritis; 10 with bacterial myositis (six of whom were described in a previous report); seven with non-Hodgkin lymphoma; five with hypointense marrow signal intensity at magnetic resonance imaging; two with Kaposi sarcoma; one with polymyositis; and one with psoriasis. The musculoskeletal system can be affected by a variety of abnormalities in association with HIV infection. Knowledge of their existence and characteristic appearance is valuable to radiologists for diagnosis and to clinicians for detection and appropriate treatment.
 ...
PMID:Human immunodeficiency virus infection: musculoskeletal manifestations. 843 Jan 95

There is increasing evidence for widespread occurrences of infection with Epidermodysplasia verruciformis-related human papillomaviruses, both in the general population and in immunosuppressed patients. In order to test for the prevalence of antibodies directed against the native L1 epitopes exposed on the surface of the virions, we have established an IgG-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with L1 virus-like particles of the Epidermodysplasia verruciformis-specific human papillomavirus 8 as antigen to screen 567 representative serum samples from the general population and immunosuppressed/dermatologic patients. Among healthy European donors (n = 210), 7.6% were found to be seropositive. In a group of renal transplant recipients (n = 185) the antibody prevalence was elevated to 21.1%, irrespective of the presence or absence of skin cancer. High positivity rates could be detected among (i) immunocompetent patients with nonmelanoma skin tumors (45.6%, n = 79) and (ii) Psoralene/UVA treated psoriasis patients (42.9%, n = 42). In contrast, anti-human papillomavirus 8-virus-like particle antibodies were found in only 6.8% of Hodgkin lymphoma patients (n = 44).
 ...
PMID:Prevalence of antibodies against virus-like particles of Epidermodysplasia verruciformis-associated HPV8 in patients at risk of skin cancer. 976 56

This study was designed to estimate the relative cancer risk of patients with moderate to severe psoriasis, with reference to different treatments. A cohort of 5687 hospitalized patients with psoriasis obtained from the Finnish Hospital Discharge Register in 1973-84 was linked with the records of the Finnish Cancer Registry. Standardized incidence ratios for cancer were calculated by dividing the observed number of cases by the expected cases, which were based on the national sex-specific and age-specific cancer incidence rates. By the end of 1995, 533 cancer cases were observed in the cohort. The overall cancer incidence was increased (standardized incidence ratio 1.3, 95% confidence interval 1.2-1.4). The estimated relative risks were highest for Hodgkin's disease (standardized incidence ratio 3.3, 95% confidence interval 1.4-6.4), squamous cell skin carcinoma (standardized incidence ratio 3.2, 95% confidence interval 2.3-4.4), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (standardized incidence ratio 2.2, 95% confidence interval 1.4-3.4), and laryngeal cancer (standardized incidence ratio 2.9, 95% confidence interval 1.5-5.0). The role of prior oral antipsoriatic medications or phototherapy on the development of these cancers was assessed in a nested case-control study, for which 67 cases and 199 sex and age matched controls were selected from the psoriasis cohort. The relative risks were estimated using conditional logistic regression analysis. Oral 8-methoxy-psoralen plus ultraviolet-A radiation therapy and the use of retinoids were associated with an increased risk of squamous cell skin carcinoma (relative risk adjusted for the other treatment variables 6.5, 95% confidence interval 1.4-31, and 7.4, 95% confidence interval 1.4-40, respectively), whereas none of the treatments could be linked with the occurrence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
 ...
PMID:Psoriasis, its treatment, and cancer in a cohort of Finnish patients. 1069 22

The relationship between a history of selected medical conditions and risk of lymphomas was investigated in a hospital-based case-control study conducted in Northern Italy on 429 incident, histologically confirmed cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), 158 cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD) and 1157 controls admitted to hospitals for acute conditions. The odds ratios (OR) for NHL were above unity in patients with a history of infectious mononucleosis (OR 2.9), herpes zoster (OR 1.8), pyelonephritis (OR 4.9), tuberculosis (OR 1.8), malaria (OR 1.9), any chronic bacterial diseases (OR 1.7), rheumatoid arthritis (OR 1.7) and psoriasis (OR 2.5). With reference to HD, the ORs were 4.0 for infectious mononucleosis, 2.9 for herpes zoster, 3.3 for pyelonephritis, 2.3 for tuberculosis, 1.4 for chronic bacterial diseases, 2.4 for rheumatoid arthritis, 2.7 for psoriasis and 2.1 for diabetes. The association of NHL and HD with herpes zoster was restricted to the first ten years since the onset of the disease. The relationships between NHL and mononucleosis (OR 12.9), malaria (OR 2.8) and psoriasis (OR 14.0) were stronger for cases aged > or = 60 years, and that with tuberculosis (OR 3.5) was stronger for younger cases. For HD, the positive association was stronger for cases aged > or = 40 years for herpes zoster (OR 3.8) and diabetes (OR 2.6). An increased risk of NHL was found in association with poliomyelitis (OR 1.6) (restricted to cases aged > or = 60 years, OR 4.0) and BCG immunizations (OR 1.6), but not with vaccination against smallpox, tetanus and diphtheria; increased risks of HD were found in relation to poliomyelitis and BCG immunization in cases aged > or = 40 years (OR respectively 2.5 and 2.1), or > or = 50 years (OR 4.3 and 2.2). Thus, our results confirm the association between a history of several chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases and the risk of NHL or HD, and are compatible with a role of chronic immunological alterations in the aetiology of lymphomas.
 ...
PMID:Medical history and risk of Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. 1077 11


1 2 3 4 Next >>