Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A retrospective study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of autologous blood stem cell transplantation (ABSCT) in terms of haemopoietic reconstitution after ablative chemotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy. 55 patients with malignancies, observed in four Italian institutions from January 1987 to June 1991, were eligible for evaluation. This series included 19 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 11 multiple myeloma, nine ovarian cancer, seven Hodgkin's disease, seven non-lymphocytic leukaemia, one acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, one neuroblastoma. 522 PBSC collections were performed on 55 patients. Following ABSCT, the rate of engraftment was positively related to the dose of CFU-GM infused and negatively to the presence of bone marrow involvement at conditioning. 48 patients out of 55 transplanted (87%) had rapid, complete and sustained engraftment. Three patients (5%) died of transplant-related complications. Considering that 60% of the patients in this series were in partial remission or in progressive disease at the time of ABSCT, we conclude that ABSCT is a safe approach for the use of ablative conditioning therapy in patients with a wide scope of malignancies, provided that a large number of CFU-GM have been collected after mobilizing treatment.
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PMID:Haemopoietic reconstitution after autologous blood stem cell transplantation in patients with malignancies: a multicentre retrospective study. 791 99

A retrospective study was undertaken to assess the factors affecting the yield of peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collections after chemotherapy. Fifty-five patients with malignancies, observed in 4 Italian Institutions from January 1987 to June 1991 were eligible for evaluation. This series included 19 non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 11 multiple myeloma, 9 ovarian cancer, 7 Hodgkin disease, 7 acute non-lymphocytic leukemia, 1 acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 1 neuroblastoma. Five hundred and twenty two PBSC collections were performed on 55 patients after a median of 18 days after the start of chemotherapy. The yields of PBSC collections were related to the dose of cytoreductive chemotherapy exploited for PBSC mobilization and to the number of circulating white blood cells, colony forming unit granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM) and the percentage of monocytes at the time of collection. Forty-eight patients out of 55 transplanted (87%) had rapid, complete and sustained engraftment. Three patients (5%) died of transplant related complications.
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PMID:Autologous blood stem cell collection after chemotherapy in patients with sensitive and refractory malignancies: a multicenter retrospective study. 791 30

Etoposide has demonstrated highly significant clinical activity against a wide variety of neoplasms, including germ-cell malignancies, small-cell lung cancer, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, leukemias, Kaposi's sarcoma, neuroblastoma, and soft-tissue sarcomas. It is also one of the important agents in the preparatory regimens given prior to bone marrow and peripheral stem-cell rescue. Despite its high degree of efficacy in a number of malignancies, the optimal dose, schedule, and dosing form remain to be defined. It is possible that continuous or prolonged inhibition of the substrate, i. e., topoisomerase II, may be the key factor for the cytotoxic effects of etoposide. Clinical studies have shown the activity of etoposide to be schedule-dependent, with prolonged dosing, best accomplished by the oral dosing form, offering a therapeutic advantage. This benefit awaits validation by prospective randomized studies, some of which are in progress. Recent clinical investigations have focused on the use of etoposide in combination with (a) cytokines to ameliorate myelosuppression, the dose-limiting toxicity of etoposide; (b) agents such as cyclosporin A and verapamil to alter the p-glycoprotein (mdr1) function; and (c) topoisomerase I inhibitors to modulate the substrate upon which it acts. There is continued interest in the development of etoposide to its maximal clinical dimensions and in the examination of alternative biochemical and mechanistic approaches to further our understanding of this highly active agent.
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PMID:Etoposide: current status and future perspectives in the management of malignant neoplasms. 807 20

High-dose chemotherapy regimens can cure a number of otherwise incurable diseases, such as Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, neuroblastoma, acute leukemia (in remission), and breast cancer. Trials of high-dose chemotherapy have generally used autologous bone marrow transplant or peripheral blood stem cell support to ensure hematologic recovery after intensive chemotherapy and/or radiation. This report describes an approach in which high-dose carboplatin chemotherapy was followed initially by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF; Escherichia coli. Sandoz-Schering, East Hanover and Kenilworth, NJ) and in subsequent patients, by both GM-CSF and repeated cycles of peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) collection and administration. The addition of PBPC to this regimen led to significant reductions in the duration of neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, the requirement for erythrocyte and platelet transfusions, the length of hospital stay, and the use of intravenous antibiotics in this group relative to those patients who received GM-CSF alone. In addition, laboratory studies are presented that show a direct correlation between the number of progenitor cells reinfused and the duration of neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. The report also reviews data indicating that circulating progenitor cells are depleted by this approach. This suggests that the number of progenitor cells available for mobilization is finite. Finally, the magnitude of these effects, and their implications for future trials with repetitive cycles of dose-intensive therapy, are discussed.
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PMID:High-dose carboplatin chemotherapy with GM-CSF and peripheral blood progenitor cell support: a model for delivering repeated cycles of dose-intensive therapy. 810 54

In 25 years, 18 patients with breast cancer were treated at St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 16 were female and 2 were male. The patients presented with primary malignancy (2), metastatic disease (13), or secondary malignancy (3). One of the females with primary breast malignancy had alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. She was treated with wide excision and is currently receiving chemotherapy. The other patient presented with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the right breast. After biopsy, she was treated with chemotherapy. Of 13 patients with metastatic disease, the primary lesion was rhabdomyosarcoma in nine. One patient each had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, neuroblastoma, and signet-cell adenocarcinoma. All patients with metastatic disease to the breast died of the disease. Three females presented with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast after treatment for Hodgkin's disease. Two underwent mastectomy and are alive without evidence of disease. One patient refused therapy and died of the second malignancy. We conclude that (1) breast malignancies had three distinctly different presentations in our patients, (2) the breasts of pediatric oncology patients should be carefully and routinely examined for metastatic disease, and (3) metastatic disease in the breast of a child is a manifestation of disseminated disease and is associated with an extremely poor prognosis.
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PMID:Breast malignancy in children. 812 Jul 61

Since about 15 years intensive chemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation has been used on the basis of "dose-response" principle to treat certain children with tumours of sombre prognosis. At present, the main indications for this method are metastatif neuroblastoma in less than one-year old children, non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomas in partial remission or relapse, refractory or recurrent Hodgkin's disease and some peculiar forms of Wilms' tumour. In other tumours, such as rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma or brain tumours, the indications have not yet been clearly determined. The treatment must be administered as part of multicentre French or European trials conducted in specialized centres. The practice and application of autologous bone marrow transplantation are being revolutionized by the availability of haematopoietic growth factors and the development of the peripheral blood stem cells reinjection technique. Genic therapy will soon have major repercussions in this field.
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PMID:[Bone marrow autograft and cancer in children]. 814 39

Thirty patients were examined initially because of neurologic problems and later were diagnosed as having systemic malignant disorders. Acute leukemia was the most common malignancy (36.6%), followed by neuroblastoma (33.3%), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (13.3%), rhabdomyosarcoma (10%), Ewing tumor (3.3%), and Hodgkin lymphoma (3.3%). Four of the 11 acute leukemia patients had nervous system involvement due to meningeal, orbital, or cerebellar infiltration. The complaints of the remaining patients included back pain, weakness, and difficulty in walking, all of which were caused by anemia or bone pain. Neurologic involvement in systemic malignancies, other than acute leukemia, mainly appeared as spinal cord compression (7 with neuroblastoma, 3 non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 1 rhabdomyosarcoma, 1 Ewing tumor), orbital or cavernous sinus infiltration (3 with acute leukemia, 1 rhabdomyosarcoma), and VIIth cranial nerve involvement (2 with rhabdomyosarcoma). One patient had skull infiltration without any neurologic deficit. Cerebellar signs were caused by the remote effects of cancer. It is concluded that acute leukemia is the first and neuroblastoma is the second most common malignancy among childhood systemic malignancies presenting with neurologic involvement; however, neuroblastoma is the most common cause of spinal cord compression.
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PMID:Neurologic features as initial presentations of childhood malignancies. 819 71

The cell line AG-F was isolated from the marrow of a neuroblastoma patient undergoing myeloablative treatment and autologous bone marrow rescue. A year later, the patient developed a Hodgkin's type lymphoma. AG-F cell line demonstrated an unusual phenotype, lacking surface CD2 and CD3, but expressing high levels of CD4, CD5, CD7, CD29, and CD45RO. Markers associated with Hodgkin's lymphoma cells, CD15 and CD30, were also positive. AG-F cells grow in suspension in clusters of 50-200 cells, with a doubling time of 9 h. They can also grow in serum-free medium and form tumors in nude mice. AG-F cells have amplified N-myc and c-myc and high levels of the corresponding mRNA transcripts. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a DNA index by flow cytometry of near tetraploid cells and a karyotype of 85-87 chromosomes, with consistent abnormalities in chromosomes 1, 5, and 9. Gene rearrangement studies revealed rearrangement of the beta gene of the T-cell receptor. AG-F cells secrete high levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and GM-CSF. Cell adherence and formation of long processes could be induced by fibronectin and were enhanced by exposure to PMA. Cells exposed to phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) had increased expression of CD11a, CD11b, CD18, CD45RO, and HLA-DR, whereas expression of CD15 and CD30 was markedly decreased. Similarly, the level of c-myc and N-myc oncoproteins and the levels of the cytoskeletal proteins, actin, tubulin, and vimentin markedly decreased early after PMA-induced differentiation.
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PMID:Isolation and characterization of an early T-helper/inducer cell line with a unique pattern of surface phenotype, constitutive cytokine secretion and myc oncogene expression. 825 4

Review of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) smears from 121 pediatric patients with intra-thoracic and intra-abdominal lesions revealed 42 (34.7%) cases of neoplasms, 35 (28.9%) cases of tuberculosis, 12 (9.9%) cases of non-tuberculous inflammations, 4 (3.3%) cases of benign cystic lesions, and 28 (23.1%) inadequate/inconclusive cases. The age of the patients ranged from 20 days to 18 yr. Ultrasound and/or CT study done in 105 cases localized the lesions in following common sites: lungs (19 cases), mediastinum (22 cases), liver (14 cases), intestines (11 cases), and lymph nodes (17 cases). The neoplastic lesions consisted of 39 malignant, one suspicious, and two benign neoplasms. Among the neoplasms, the small round cell tumors were the most frequent (27 cases), followed by germ cell tumors (eight cases) and miscellaneous neoplasms (seven cases). The common small round cell tumors were non-Hodgkins lymphoma (eight cases), hepatoblastoma (seven cases), neuroblastoma (five cases), and nephroblastoma (three cases). A combined clinical, imaging, and FNA cytology approach was found to be useful in arriving at a tissue diagnosis.
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PMID:Fine-needle aspiration diagnosis of intra-thoracic and intra-abdominal lesions: review of experience in the pediatric age group. 826 43

As the cure rate for childhood malignancies increases, the number of patients at risk for development of second malignancies also increases. Due to the potentially long remaining life span, long-term follow-up is difficult and patients are often at risk after presumptive cures. Some authors believe that cure rates for second malignancies are similar to cure rates for primary malignancies. We reviewed the records of 162 patients seen at our institution who had developed a second malignancy after treatment for childhood cancer. Presentation, age at diagnosis, tumor histology, extent of tumor, treatment (including radiotherapy with dosage when available, and chemotherapy) plus outcome were recorded. Mean age at diagnosis of the primary malignancy was 10.3 years. The most common primary malignancy was Hodgkin's disease (33) followed by soft tissue sarcoma (28), retinoblastoma (20), bone tumor (17), central nervous system (CNS) tumor (13), leukemia (8), Wilms' tumor (7), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (6), neuroblastoma (5), thyroid neoplasm (5), and others (20). The average interval between diagnosis of the first and second malignancy was 10.8 years. These second tumors carried a high mortality. Only 56 patients have no evidence of disease. Five patients are known to be alive with disease and 92 patients have expired due to their second malignancy. Disease status in 8 patients is unknown. The most common second malignancy was osteosarcoma (35) followed by soft tissue sarcoma (24), breast cancer (15), leukemia (14), thyroid carcinoma (14), CNS tumors (12), melanoma (8), nonmelanomatous skin cancer (8), lymphoma (5), and others (27).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Forty-year experience with second malignancies after treatment of childhood cancer: analysis of outcome following the development of the second malignancy. 826 99


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