Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intradermal skin test antigen (Varidase, Mumps, Candidine) and contact sensitization with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) were employed in 35 previously untreated children with neuroblastoma and malignant lymphoma, to evaluate delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity. Cutaneous responses were correlated to stage of disease and survival. The limited number of patients prevents any definitive conclusion. It is apparent, however, that in childhood non-Hodgkin's lymphoma anergy to DNCB is correlated to advanced stages with rapid progressive disease. In neuroblastoma and Hodgkin's disease patients skin test sensitization seems to be of questionable clinical value.
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PMID:Skin tests in childhood lymphoma and neuroblastoma. 102 49

Thirty-two children with solid tumors (lymphangioma, fibrosarcoma, hepatocarcinoma, osteogenic sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, lymphosarcoma, mesenchymoma, hepatoma, Ewing's sarcoma, reticulum cell sarcoma, neuroblastoma, Hodgkin's disease, and brain tumors) were studied for alterations in coagulation by means of platelet counts, platelet aggregation, thrombelastogram, procoagulant and antigenic factor VIII, fibrin split products, and antithrombin III level. Results indicated hypercoagulability as shown by abnormally short thrombelastograms and elevated factor VIII levels and platelet counts in approximately one-half of the group. With the exception of increased fibrin split products in a third of the patients, little laboratory or clinical evidence for disseminated intravascular coagulation was seen. Hypercoagulability, as noted in adult carcinoma patients, can also occur in childhood sarcoma patients.
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PMID:Hypercoagulability in childhood cancer. 120 73

The Department of Pediatric Oncology, Kemerovo, has operated as an interregional center since 1976. Cancer morbidity and epidemiology in children in the Kuzbass region have been studied. Complex treatment yielded good results: 2-20-year survival rate is 89.6% for Hodgkin's disease, nephroblastoma--75.4% and neuroblastoma--38.5%. The improvement in the results obtained makes the case for establishing a department for patient rehabilitation. To function properly, the center needs more beds. It must be in a position to carry out organizational and educational activities in catchment areas. The status of the center must be supported by official documents.
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PMID:[The work of the Kemerovo Interregional Department of Pediatric Oncology]. 130 Jul 89

Teniposide and etoposide are third-generation semi-synthetic derivatives of epipodophyllotoxin. Following the initial clinical introduction of teniposide in the 1970s, investigations focused almost exclusively on its analogue, etoposide, because of its formulation, which was felt to have advantages in addition to oral administration. Despite consistently inadequate dosing and scheduling, early phase I and II trial results with teniposide were promising, and current trends encourage a second look. The substantial antitumor activity of teniposide is comparable with that of etoposide, and clinical interest was rekindled when it was shown to have considerable activity against small cell lung cancer (SCLC). In view of the inadequacy of early trials and the premature cessation of clinical study, it is recommended that teniposide be reevaluated for its activity against malignant lymphomas, Hodgkin's disease, leukemias, and SCLC, against all of which its early results were encouraging. In addition, consideration should be given to its activity against brain tumors, neuroblastomas and other childhood solid tumors, and ovarian cancer; its potential value against gastric, hepatocellular, breast, and bladder cancers also should be investigated. Other areas that warrant further study include elucidation of the exact mechanism of action of teniposide, its role in both single- and multiple-agent chemotherapeutic regimens, and resolution of its optimal dose and schedule. Finally, it is suggested that with new routes of administration and improved formulations, teniposide may be expected to play a significant role in the treatment of malignant lymphomas, SCLC, and pediatric lymphocytic leukemia and neuroblastoma.
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PMID:Teniposide in adult solid tumors: a historical perspective. 141 38

Protein-losing enteropathy is often reported to be associated with malignancies such as Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and mesenteric mesenchymoma, but it seldom complicates neuroblastoma. In this report, we describe a case of neuroblastoma presenting as protein-losing enteropathy in which neurohumoral mechanisms were involved.
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PMID:Neuroblastoma presenting as protein-losing enteropathy. 144 Sep 49

Thirty patients with relapsed pediatric solid tumors received high-dose carboplatin and etoposide with autologous marrow support in a dose-escalation trial. These patients had received extensive prior treatment, which included both cisplatin and etoposide in 25 cases. Six patient cohorts received carboplatin in doses of 1200-2100 mg/m2 and etoposide in doses of 960-1500 mg/m2. All courses were associated with severe neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. The median times from bone marrow infusion to granulocyte recovery (> 0.5 x 10(9)/l) and platelet recovery (> 50 x 10(9)/l) were 33 and 28 days, respectively, with similar findings for all dosage levels. The frequency of non-hematologic toxicities was generally low, although hyponatremia (Na+ < 129 mEq/l) was seen in one-third of the courses. Hepatoxicity was dose-limiting and was significantly associated with the cumulative prior cisplatin dose (p = 0.006). There were four toxic deaths (CNS hemorrhage, alfa-streptococcal sepsis, Candida sepsis, and enterocolitis). Eleven patients received a second course of therapy; toxicity profiles and times to hematologic recovery were similar for the two courses. Clinical responses were observed at all dosage levels. Eleven of 26 evaluable patients achieved a clinical response (one complete, 10 partial). The majority of responses were in patients with neuroblastoma (six of 16) or Hodgkin's disease (two of three). For phase II clinical trials, we recommend dosages of 2100 mg/m2 of carboplatin and 1500 mg/m2 of etoposide for children with prior cumulative cisplatin exposure < 960 mg/m2. This carboplatin dose represents a three- to four-fold increase over pediatric doses tolerated without bone marrow support.
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PMID:Escalating sequential high-dose carboplatin and etoposide with autologous marrow support in children with relapsed solid tumors. 146 10

Nine patients who had an osteosarcoma that had developed as a second malignant neoplasm in a previously irradiated site were managed at a major center for the treatment of tumors in children. The doses of radiation had averaged 4144 centigray (range, 2300 to 8000 centigray) and chemotherapy had been administered, when appropriate, for the primary malignant lesion (Ewing sarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, neuroblastoma, neurofibrosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and Wilms tumor). The interval between the initial treatment and the diagnosis of the secondary sarcoma averaged ten years and one month (range, five years and ten months to twenty-one years and nine months). Three patients were alive, two of them with active disease, at the time of writing. The other six had died within three years (average, fifteen months) after the second diagnosis. The prevalence of secondary osteosarcoma is increasing as the survival of children who have a malignant lesion increases. Plans for tumor therapy should take into account the risk of this complication, which is usually fatal.
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PMID:Osteosarcoma as a second malignant neoplasm in children. 152 94

The sequential outcome was evaluated for all childhood cancers in which the Pediatric Oncology Group has conducted a series of clinical trials, with constant eligibility, on patients with newly diagnosed cancer. The analysis was applied to more than 7000 patients with cancer diagnosed between 1976 and 1989. These include acute leukemia (4 subgroups), non-Hodgkins lymphoma (4 subgroups), osteogenic sarcoma, and advanced neuroblastoma. In 8 of these 10 disease areas, significant improvement in outcome has occurred. In rare diseases such as pediatric cancer, collaborative studies may be the only way to conduct therapeutic trials of sufficient statistical power. A cooperative group has distinct advantages over a series of ad hoc collaborative studies in that it can maintain a unified data base, study its history with minimal confounding effects of changing institutional participants, and develop long-term research relationships among its participants.
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PMID:Progress against childhood cancer: the Pediatric Oncology Group experience. 155 37

The purpose of this study is to describe the incidence and survival of childhood cancer in the West Midlands for the period 1980-1984. Proportional breakdown by Asian subgroup is also considered. A total of 587 patients were registered, 49 of them of Asian origin. Breakdown to Asian versus non-Asian subgroups by diagnosis revealed comparatively high rates for Hodgkin's disease, retinoblastoma and neuroblastoma in the Asian patients. However, a deficit of cases was seen for CNS tumours. Comparison of overall age-standardized rates (ASR) for all cancers revealed a substantially lower value compared to that reported for the USA white population but a similar value to the USA black and UK white populations. Diagnostic breakdown revealed that the major difference between the West Midlands Regional Children's Tumour Research Group (WMRCTRG) and the USA white ASR was in the leukaemia and lymphoma group. Overall survival for the series was 56% at 5 years. The poorest prognosis was found in acute myeloid leukaemia, with only 23% of patients surviving at 5 years, against 62% in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. CNS tumours also had a poor outcome, with an overall survival rate of 47%, although certain individual diagnoses were more favourable. We observed a 100% survival rate in Hodgkin's disease up to 5 years from diagnosis, and both Wilms' tumour and retinoblastoma had 90% survival rates.
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PMID:Childhood cancer in the West Midlands: incidence and survival, 1980-1984, in a multi-ethnic population. 158 36

A series of fine-needle aspiration biopsies performed in 635 children were reviewed. The diagnoses rendered in these patients included malignant lymphoma in 139 (21.9%); Hodgkin's disease, 25 (3.9%); neuroblastoma, 58 (9.1%); Wilms' Tumor, 37 (5.8%); Ewing's sarcoma, 32 (5.0%); rhabdomyosarcoma, 25 (3.9%); retinoblastoma, 22 (3.5%); leukemia infiltrate, 33 (5.2%); and miscellaneous tumors, 52 (8.2%). In 171 patients (26.9%), the biopsy was nondiagnostic. The cytomorphological characteristics of these lesions are briefly described and illustrated. Salient morphological features are further correlated with histological and ultrastructural appearances. Immunocytochemical patterns of these tumors are also discussed briefly.
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PMID:Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of pediatric neoplasms: correlation between electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry in diagnosis and classification. 160 83


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