Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A large inbred family is described in which there were seven cases of Hodgkin's disease, three of lymphosarcoma, two of thymoma, two of common variable immunodeficiency, and single cases of retinoblastoma, neuroblastoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma. There have been no other lymphoma cases in the community during the past decade. Further study of this family may help to define the genetic basis for development of Hodgkin's disease and other disorders.
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PMID:Common variable immunodeficiency, Hodgkin's disease, and other malignancies in a Newfoundland family. 4 22

Fifty-one lymphograms were performed in children; the indications, technique and results are discussed. Indications are the search for retroperitoneal involvement in lymphogranulomatosis, lympho-sarcoma and reticulum cell sarcoma; in the search for metastases from malignant tumours, particularly abdominal neuroblastoma, soft tissue sarcomas of the abdomen and lower extremities, testicular tumours and malignant melanomas and finally, for primary lymph-oedema and lymphangiomas. Technique is the same as for adults, but requires particular manual dexterity. Children under six years require general anaesthesia. Amongst 28 children with malignant lymphomas, pathological changes in the retroperitoneal lymph nodes were found in seven. In six, this resulted in a change of the staging. Five out of 16 lymphograms in children with malignant tumours showed evidence of lymph node metastases. All six lymphangiograms in children with lymphoedema and lymphangiomas were abnormal.
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PMID:[Lymphography in childhood (author's transl)]. 12 77

It is well known that there are many independent and inter-related clinical and pathologic factors which influence the prognosis of patients with benign and malignant conditions. Lymphocyte level is an index of cell-mediated immunity which is important in host defense against cancer. But it is surprising that a simple test such as peripheral lymphocyte count could be correlated with clinical stages and survival results in patients with Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-lymphomatous solid tumors. Regarding the latter, lymphocyte count had prognostic values in patients with cancer of the bone, Ewing's sarcoma; breast; colon; kidney, neuroblastoma; uterine cervix, and other sites. In general, higher lymphocyte counts before therapy correlated with longer survival. Using newer immunologic techniques, T and B lymphocytes can be identified and the different subtypes of leukemia, immunodeficiency and lymphoproliferative diseases have been studied intensively. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia represents a proliferation of B cells, while the Sezary syndrome represents that of T lymphocytes. There is a qualitative and quantitative disturbance of Blymphocytes in patients with multiple myeloma. In Hodgkin's disease, there is hyperactivity of the B cells and functional defect of the T cells. Finally, the nodular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma resulted from neoplastic transformation of the B lymphocytes. In several nonmalignant autoimmune conditions, abnormality of T-cell or B-cell counts has been reported. For example, T cells were reported to be decreased in patients with ulcerative or granulomatous colitis and in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, However, it needs to be pointed out that, in 1973, Farid and associates (44) reported a significant increase in T and a proportionate reduction of B rosette in 17 patients with untreated Grave's disease and 16 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis as compared with 24 normal and eight goiter controls. In 1975, six publications later, they (143) had to announce a retraction because further studies by them and by other investigators could not repeat the earlier results. Despite variations and lack of standardization of the test systems, some consistent deviations of T-lymphocyte and B-lymphocyte counts have been reported. T lymphocytes were quantitatively decreased in patients with carcinoma of the brain, breast, head and neck, liver, lung and urologic organs and with malignant melanoma. In general, there is a marked decrease of T cells with increasing stage of disease and a return of T cells to normal level after successful therapy. Cellular immunity is depressed, often lasting for years after localized radiation therapy, whether or not the thymus is included in the treatment field...
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PMID:Peripheral lymphocyte count and suppopulations of T and B lymphocytes in benign and malignant diseases. 30 Jan 79

Human B lymphocyte antigens (HBLA) were detected with fluorescent-labeled antibodies on malignant cells of 102 patients with Hodgkin disease and other lymphomas, plasma cell myeloma, and nonlymphoreticular neoplasms including carcinomas of the breast, lung, and ovary, soft tissue sarcomas, and neuroblastoma. HBLA were present in Hodgkin disease and other lymphomas of B cell or histiocyte derivation. They were absent in plasma cell myeloma and nonlymphoreticular neoplasms. Absorption studies revealed that malignant T cells had smaller amounts of HBLA, usually not detected by immunofluorescence. Expression of HBLA was dependent on both cell differentiation and origin. Detection of HBLA enabled immunologic distinction of Reed-Sternberg and other lymphoma cells from morphologically similar cells of nonlymphoreticular origin. The rapidity, reproducibility, and economy of the immunofluorescence test make this a useful clinical tool for the differential diagnosis of lymphoma from other malignant disorders in man.
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PMID:B lymphocyte antigens in the differential diagnosis of human neoplasia. 34 89

VM-26, a semisynthetic podophyllotoxin, was tested for antitumor activity and clinical toxicity in 181 children. The drug was administered iv at weekly intervals, beginning at a dose of 130 mg/2/week. The dose was increased, as tolerated, after 3 and 6 weeks to 150 and 180 mg/m2/week, respectively. The only major toxicity was hematologic, with neutropenia predominating. Anaphylaxis occurred in one patient. The drug demonstrated significant activity in acute lymphocytic leukemia (four responses among 15 patients) and neuroblastoma (ten responses among 31 patients). Objective responses were also noted in one patient each with acute myelogenous leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, histiocytic lymphoma, Wilms' tumor, Ewing's sarcoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, and sacrococcygeal sarcoma. Further trials of VM-26 in these childhood malignancies are warranted.
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PMID:Phase II study of VM-26 in acute leukemia, neuroblastoma, and other refractory childhood malignancies: a report from the Children's Cancer Study Group. 38 Aug 3

Closed trephine needle biopsy of the bone marrow has become an established procedure in the evaluation of many malignant and benign diseases in adults; however, its role in pediatric pathology has not yet been defined. In the period from February 1974 to April 1978 we have performed 164 such biopsies in 111 children under 15 years of age. A representative specimen has been obtained in over 80% of cases. This series included, in order of frequency, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, Hodgkin lymphomas, aplastic anemias, rhabdomyosarcomas, neuroblastomas, miscellaneous solid tumors, and single cases of histiocytosis X, malignant histiocytosis, sarcoidosis, malignant histiocytoma, and Castleman lymphoma of the hyaline-vascular type. Histology has been found superior to cytology in the detection of neuroblastoma invasion; the evaluation of the true cellularity in aplastic anemia, and the detection of granulomatous tissue in the only case of sarcoidosis. In other diseases histology and cytology gave similar information, except for the few cases of acute leukemia in partial relapse, which has been better defined in the aspirate smears than in the core specimen. Further evaluation of this technique in other patient series appears advisable.
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PMID:Bone marrow biopsy in children: a study of 111 patients. 44 Feb 5

There may be an increased frequency of slipped femoral epiphysis in pediatric patients who have received radiation to the pelvic area and combination chemotherapy. Previous reports include bilateral slipping of the epiphysis, eight years after radiation, in a patient with a pelvic neuroblastoma and the occurrence in a patient who had received radiation for Hodgkin disease, with a primary site in the pelvic region. No direct correlation was established in either case. This is a report of two patients who received pelvic radiation and combination chemotherapy who subsequently developed slipped femoral epiphysis. Our purpose is to heighten the suspicion in patients who have received radiation and chemotherapy for pelvic tumors. It is recommended that the femoral heads and acetabula be shielded when their inclusion in the treatment fields is not crucial to the treatment of the underlying disease.
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PMID:Slipped capital femoral epiphysis following radiotherapy and chemotherapy. 48 18

Supranormal temperatures inhibit selectively the growth of malignant cells more than that of normal cells. The autoradiographic determination of the 3H-thymidine-labelling-index (LI) in vitro is a suitable method for the examination of thermosensitivity of individual human tumours. 44 solid tumours of children (Wilms' tumours, neuroblastomas, osteogenic sarcomas, non-Hodgkin-Lymphomas and other tumours) were studied by the temperatures 37.5 and 42.5 degrees C/120 min, with this method. 90% of the histologically undifferentiated tumours showed a highly significant inhibition of the 3H-thymidine incorporation between 28.6 and 79.9% with an average of 51.1%. In 4 histologically mature tumours (carcinoma of the adrenal cortex, malignant hepatoblastoma, fibrosarcoma, hamartoblastoma) no significant decrease of the LI was present. The inhibition of incorporation with hyperthermia cannot be correlated with the primary magnitude of the LI with normothermia. In 1 neuroblastoma a 75% rise of the LI was found possibly due to exogenic caused thermotolerance. The individuality of the reaction towards heat may contribute to the biological characterization of tumours.
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PMID:The effect of hyperthermia 42.5 degrees C on the incorporation of 3H-thymidine into the DNA of solid tumours in childhood. 51 52

1. Ionic currents in differentiated cells of mouse neuroblastoma clone N1E-115 have been studied under voltage-clamp conditions. 2. Depolarizing voltage steps from a holding potential of -85 mV to levels more positive than -40 mV produced fast transient inward currents followed by delayed outward currents. 3. The fast inward current is carried by Na+: it is blocked by tetrodotoxin and is absent in Na+-free solutions. Its kinetic behaviour resembles that of the Na+ current in squid giant axon. A mean value of 85 mmho/cm2 was found for the maximum Na+ conductance (GNa).4. The delayed outward current is carried primarily by K+: it is blocked by externally applied tetraethylammonium (TEA, 15 mM) and has a reversal potential (mean -71 mV) close to the theoretical K+ equilibrium potential. Its instantaneous I--V curve is linear. By analogy with the formulation of Hodgkin & Huxley (1952c), the outward current can be described by IK = -GKn2(V--EK) where GK = 12 mmho/mc2. 5. During prolonged depolarizations the delayed outward current declines. This decline, which occurs in two phases, represents a partial inactivation of the K+ conductance. 6. A weak inward current with slow activation and inactivation kinetics appears in Na+-free solution containing 10 mM-Ca2+. It is activated at a membrane potential of -55 mV and reaches its maximum at -20 mV with a time to peak of about 10 msec. This current is tetrodotoxin-resistant, reversibly blocked by Co2+ (5mM) and is suggested to be carried by Ca2+. 7. An increase in the external divalent cation concentration results in a parallel shift of the steady-state I--V curve along the voltage axis in positive direction. The activation of delayed outward currents is suggested not to depend on Ca2+ influx. 8. It is concluded that separate voltage-dependent Na+, K+ and Ca2+ channels exist in the differentiated neuroblastoma membrane with kinetic and pharmacological properties similar to those observed in non-mammalian preparations.
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PMID:Ionic currents in cultured mouse neuroblastoma cells under voltage-clamp conditions. 67 Dec 97

A few years ago Everson and I assembled all the examples of spontaneous regression in the world medical literature from 1900 to 1960 and added numerous cases from expriences of our friends. Our figure was 176. We excluded squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and a large number of cases that did not fulfill the prerequisites of confirmed diagnosis and no significant treatment. The four most common examples of regression were carcinoma of the kidney (31), neuroblastoma (29), malignant melanoma (19), and choriocarcinoma (19); these constituted more than half the group. We did not require that the regression be permanent because it appeared that the explanation of temporary regression would be just as important as the cause of permanent regression. There was no proven specific cause of the regression, but the following mechanisms had a possible relationship: immunologic action, elimination of carcinogens, trauma (altering the antigen-antibody relationship), hormones, irradiation, infection and/or fever, and drugs or chemicals. The most applicable of these is elimination of the carcinogen. Immunologic reactions seem to offer the best explanation, and the potential of humoral immunity is more impressive than that of cellular immunity.
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PMID:Spontaneous regression of cancer and the importance of finding its cause. 79 60


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