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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Since about 15 years intensive chemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation has been used on the basis of "dose-response" principle to treat certain children with tumours of sombre prognosis. At present, the main indications for this method are metastatif neuroblastoma in less than one-year old children, non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomas in partial remission or relapse, refractory or recurrent Hodgkin's disease and some peculiar forms of Wilms' tumour. In other tumours, such as rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma or brain tumours, the indications have not yet been clearly determined. The treatment must be administered as part of multicentre French or European trials conducted in specialized centres. The practice and application of autologous bone marrow transplantation are being revolutionized by the availability of haematopoietic growth factors and the development of the peripheral blood stem cells reinjection technique. Genic therapy will soon have major repercussions in this field.
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PMID:[Bone marrow autograft and cancer in children]. 814 39

Hematologic and immunologic recovery after treatment for different solid tumors was investigated in 11 children at cessation of therapy and at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after cessation of therapy by determining blood total leukocyte counts, leukocyte differentials, lymphocyte subsets, concentrations of serum immunoglobulins (Igs), and serum IgG subclasses. Lymphocyte subsets were analyzed from mononuclear cell fractions by flow cytometry and use of monoclonal antibodies CD3, CD20, CD4, CD8, CD4/Leu-8, and CD4/CD45RA. Peripheral blood total leukocyte, neutrophil, and B-cell counts recovered early, although defective B-cell function was seen in several patients. T-cell counts and thus total lymphocyte counts required a longer time to normalize even though inducer T-cell subsets (CD4+CD45RA+ and CD4+Leu-8-) were present in normal or high amounts. CD8+ T cells recovered earlier than CD4+ T cells. The lymphocyte, B-cell and T-cell counts of most patients normalized during the first 12 months after therapy. Recovery of total lymphocyte and T-cell counts was slow in patients with Hodgkin's disease or Burkitt's lymphoma and rapid in nephroblastoma. Radiotherapy seemed to prolong the recovery of study parameters, particularly T-cell recovery.
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PMID:Recovery of blood lymphocytes and serum immunoglobulins after treatment of solid tumors in children. 815 98

Review of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) smears from 121 pediatric patients with intra-thoracic and intra-abdominal lesions revealed 42 (34.7%) cases of neoplasms, 35 (28.9%) cases of tuberculosis, 12 (9.9%) cases of non-tuberculous inflammations, 4 (3.3%) cases of benign cystic lesions, and 28 (23.1%) inadequate/inconclusive cases. The age of the patients ranged from 20 days to 18 yr. Ultrasound and/or CT study done in 105 cases localized the lesions in following common sites: lungs (19 cases), mediastinum (22 cases), liver (14 cases), intestines (11 cases), and lymph nodes (17 cases). The neoplastic lesions consisted of 39 malignant, one suspicious, and two benign neoplasms. Among the neoplasms, the small round cell tumors were the most frequent (27 cases), followed by germ cell tumors (eight cases) and miscellaneous neoplasms (seven cases). The common small round cell tumors were non-Hodgkins lymphoma (eight cases), hepatoblastoma (seven cases), neuroblastoma (five cases), and nephroblastoma (three cases). A combined clinical, imaging, and FNA cytology approach was found to be useful in arriving at a tissue diagnosis.
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PMID:Fine-needle aspiration diagnosis of intra-thoracic and intra-abdominal lesions: review of experience in the pediatric age group. 826 43

As the cure rate for childhood malignancies increases, the number of patients at risk for development of second malignancies also increases. Due to the potentially long remaining life span, long-term follow-up is difficult and patients are often at risk after presumptive cures. Some authors believe that cure rates for second malignancies are similar to cure rates for primary malignancies. We reviewed the records of 162 patients seen at our institution who had developed a second malignancy after treatment for childhood cancer. Presentation, age at diagnosis, tumor histology, extent of tumor, treatment (including radiotherapy with dosage when available, and chemotherapy) plus outcome were recorded. Mean age at diagnosis of the primary malignancy was 10.3 years. The most common primary malignancy was Hodgkin's disease (33) followed by soft tissue sarcoma (28), retinoblastoma (20), bone tumor (17), central nervous system (CNS) tumor (13), leukemia (8), Wilms' tumor (7), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (6), neuroblastoma (5), thyroid neoplasm (5), and others (20). The average interval between diagnosis of the first and second malignancy was 10.8 years. These second tumors carried a high mortality. Only 56 patients have no evidence of disease. Five patients are known to be alive with disease and 92 patients have expired due to their second malignancy. Disease status in 8 patients is unknown. The most common second malignancy was osteosarcoma (35) followed by soft tissue sarcoma (24), breast cancer (15), leukemia (14), thyroid carcinoma (14), CNS tumors (12), melanoma (8), nonmelanomatous skin cancer (8), lymphoma (5), and others (27).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Forty-year experience with second malignancies after treatment of childhood cancer: analysis of outcome following the development of the second malignancy. 826 99

While the incidence of cancer is increasing among both children and adults, mortality rates have decreased for children, while they have increased for adults. Of children diagnosed with cancer today, 80% are predicted to be long-term survivors. Although there are differences between children and adults with respect to the tumor types, biology, and outcome, there are common lessons which we can learn from our children regarding the genetics of cancer, its management and treatment, and the importance of longitudinal studies of the survivors. Specific pediatric cancers, such as retinoblastoma, have led to the recognition of tumor suppressor genes, now also observed among adult tumors including sarcomas, breast, lung, and bladder cancer. The presence of the tumor suppressor gene provides an understanding for the incidence of second malignant tumors among patients with heritable diseases. Furthermore, cancer prone families, such as those with the Li-Fraumeni syndrome, also carry the p 53 tumor suppressor gene; the presence of which greatly increases the risk of developing invasive cancer. Childhood cancer is rare; it represents only 1% of the total US cancer problem. However, 53% of all children with cancer, but only 2% of all adults, are studied via the NCI cooperative group mechanism. For some specific childhood tumors such as rhabdomyosarcoma and Wilms' tumor, as many as 70-85% of all cases are managed via NCI sponsored trials. Essentially all pediatric cancer is treated by interdigitating radiation with surgical resection and systemic chemotherapy. This approach has contributed to high cure rates. Finally, our understanding of the late effects of being a cancer survivor have come from longitudinal studies of children. The most severe long-term effects related to radiation in childhood pertain to growth and development, infertility, and second malignant tumor induction. Here the children treated for Hodgkin's disease have taught us the dose and volume effects on axial skeletal and soft tissue growth. Infertility issues are also treatment-related and may often be obviated by using gonadal shielding. The risk of secondary leukemia is related to dose and class of specific chemotherapeutic agents administered; it is 5.5% among children receiving 6 cycles of MOPP. There is a 22-fold risk at 30 years of age of solid tumor induction following radiotherapy for children with Hodgkin's disease. These serious concerns have been offset by current therapeutic approaches of using lower doses and smaller volumes of radiation with fewer cycles of less toxic chemotherapeutic agents. Childhood cancer ranks high among number of person-years of potential life saved annually.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Lessons from our children. 834 41

Significant advances in diagnosis and management have cured the majority of children with cancer. In the leukaemias, the commonest childhood malignancy, intensive induction-consolidation is important to ensure a lasting cure in about 65-80% and to eliminate the traditionally bad prognostic risk factors associated with less intensive treatment. Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) has a curative role in the minority who relapse particularly while on treatment. With few exceptions, most paediatric solid tumours are curable. Although the multimodal approach is responsible for the progress made, chemotherapy has emerged to play a dominant role. It has, in several tumours, obviated or reduced the need for radiotherapy and/or surgery. In Wilms' tumour and Hodgkin's disease, refinement of treatment is now in progress to reduce therapy-related morbidity while not sacrificing efficacy.
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PMID:Changing prognosis of childhood cancer--an overview. 836 29

Influence of MR-imaging on definition of treatment volume was studied prospectively in 43 patients undergoing radiotherapy for mediastinal malignancy (twelve Morbus Hodgkin, four non-Hodgkin-lymphoma, 26 lung cancer, one nephroblastoma). Conventional treatment planning using a simulator and all available information from axial CT-scanning and posterior-anterior and lateral radiographs was compared to a MRI-assisted procedure. Contours from coronary MR-sections acquired in treatment position were superposed onto the simulator radiograph using a subtrascope (MRI-simulation). MR-imaging using T1-weighted sequences resulted in excellent delineation of tumor masses from mediastinal fat, airways and vascular structures. The high soft tissue contrast allowed an exact and reproducible transfer of tumor contours onto the simulator radiograph. This led to changes in field configuration in 11/43 patients concerning mainly tumor extension infracarinally and in the caudal parts of the lung hili. Superiority of MRI-assisted simulation was noted as usefulness of axial CT-scanning to delineate margins was compromised in these areas by partial volume effects of tangentially represented structures and suboptimal contrasted vascular spaces.
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PMID:Integration of coronal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) into radiation treatment planning of mediastinal tumors. 839 Nov 72

Serum levels of interleukin-2 receptor (IL2R) were determined in children with newly diagnosed Hodgkin disease (n = 68), Wilms tumor (n = 20), osteosarcoma (n = 18), rhabdomyosarcoma (n = 18), or Ewing sarcoma (n = 15). Measurements of soluble IL2R were positively correlated with disease stage in Hodgkin disease but not in other tumors. Very high levels of soluble IL2R (> or = 5000 U/ml) were significantly associated with a poorer treatment outcome in Hodgkin disease (p = 0.006) and retained significance in a multivariate analysis (p = 0.03). The addition of soluble IL2R measurements to existing prognostic models may improve risk assignment in children with Hodgkin disease.
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PMID:Serum interleukin-2 receptor levels in Hodgkin disease and other solid tumors of childhood. 839 83

The author presents sonomorphological characteristics of retroperitoneal neuroblastoma, nephroblastoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and M. Hodgkin abdominis, hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma at the time when the diagnosis was established. The objective of the investigation was to increase the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonic diagnosis of the mentioned malignant tumours of the abdomen and retroperitoneum during the first sonographic examination.
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PMID:[Sonographic image of the most frequent abdominal and retroperitoneal malignant tumors in childhood]. 840 42

We previously have reported on an experimental athymic mouse model in which regression of human Burkitt's lymphoma is induced by either coinjection with or intratumor inoculation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-immortalized human B cells. In the current study, we were interested in determining whether the powerful antitumor effects of EBV-immortalized B cells could be effective against a variety of human tumors grown in athymic mice, including acute lymphocytic leukemia, malignant melanoma, acute promyelocytic leukemia, neuroblastoma, lung carcinoma, colon adenocarcinoma, Wilms tumor, Hodgkin's lymphoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and breast adenocarcinoma. We report here the results of experiments in nude mice that demonstrated the potent antitumor effect of EBV-immortalized B cells against human tumors derived from a variety of different tissues.
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PMID:Regression of experimental human leukemias and solid tumors induced by Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized B cells. 853 18


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