Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Between 1973 and 1983, eight children who had undergone successful multimodal management of malignant tumors developed secondary thyroid neoplasms. The primary tumors were acute lymphocytic leukemia in three, Wilms' tumor in two, and Hodgkin's disease, rhabdomyosarcoma, and ganglioneuroblastoma in one each. During this period, 174 long-term survivors with these five diagnoses were enrolled in our tumor registry, yielding a 4.6% incidence of secondary thyroid neoplasms. All eight patients received both radiation and chemotherapy. The mean radiation dose was 2,700 r with a calculated thyroid dose of 2,140 r (range, 5 to 4,200 r). Age of diagnosis of the primary tumors ranged from 1 to 8 2/12 years (mean, 5 years), and the latent period between treatment and development of the thyroid lesions averaged 6 1/2 years. Thyroid neoplasms presented at an average age of 11 4/12 years. Five patients developed solitary adenomas, one presented with multiple adenomas, and two had follicular carcinoma with regional lymph node metastases. Although thyroid neoplasms are rare in childhood, clinically apparent thyroid tumors have been observed in up to 2.5% of children following radiation exposure (mean follow-up, 24 years). The reported latent period before the development of thyroid neoplasms in irradiated patients is at least 10 years, with the peak incidence occurring 20 to 25 years after exposure. This study documents a 4.6% incidence of subsequent thyroid neoplasms in pediatric cancer patients within a relatively short follow-up period (mean, 11 years). These thyroid tumors occurred at an earlier age (mean, 11.5 years) and with a shorter latent period (mean, 6.5 years) than would be predicted from previous studies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Secondary thyroid neoplasms in pediatric cancer patients: increased risk with improved survival. 609 62

Since 1970, we have carried out cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy in cooperation with Japanese scientists, particularly Prof. H. Umezawa, who has generously supplied bleomycin, peplomycin, acalcinomycin A (ACM), THP-adriamycin (THP), neothramycin and bestatin. Malignant tumors curable by pharmacotherapy are polycythemia vera (CR 100%), acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) (CR 80%), Burkitt tumor (CR 80 or 50%), Hodgkin disease (CR 80%), chorioepithelioma (CR 80%), testicular cancer (CR 80%), ovary cancer of children (CR 80%), Wilms renal cancer (CR 60%), rhabdomyosarcoma (CR 75%), osteosarcoma (CR 60%), Ewing tumor (CR 60%), brain tumor of children (CR greater than 50%), testicular embryonal cancer of children (CR greater than 50%), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (CR 50%), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) (CR 50%), ovary cancer of adults (CR 40%), small cell lung cancer (CR 20%) and breast cancer. Our experimental and/or clinical experience with ACM, THP, methoxy-9-ellipticine lactate, navelbine, 4-demethyl-epipodophyllotoxin-beta-d-ethyledene glucoside, bestatin and interferon is presented. ACM is effective against AML, ALL, NHL, Burkitt tumor, breast cancer. We have comparatively investigated cardiac and dermal toxicity of 12 kinds of anthracycline antibiotics and mitoxantrone, using golden hamsters. Of the drugs examined, ACM, THP, AD-32 and AD-143 cause much less cardiomyopathy and alopecia than the other agents. The results have been confirmed by electron microscopic studies. Bestatin is an immunorestorator, which recovers immunological functions decreased in aged animals. We hope that cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy will progress in future and contribute to cure of neoplasms. Japanese scientists have been making a great contribution in the field of cancer pharmacotherapy, and we are eager to cooperate with Japanese scientists in cancer treatment studies.
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PMID:[Japanese-French cooperation in tumor pharmacotherapy: 1970-1990]. 619 71

Accurate pathological diagnosis and staging of extent of disease are key steps in the management of childhood neoplasms. Adjuvant chemotherapy is responsible for improved survival rates. In non-Hodgkin's lymphoma intensive chemotherapy, irradiation to areas of bulk disease and central nervous system prophylaxis are combined in treatment. Chemotherapy and limited field irradiation have improved survival in Hodgkin's disease. Treatment varies widely in neuroblastoma according to stage with disseminated disease still carrying a very poor prognosis. Survival in Wilms' tumour has improved to such an extent that long-term side-effects of therapy now need to be considered.
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PMID:Management of the more common pediatric neoplasms with particular reference to Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Wilms' tumour and neuroblastoma. 624 29

The Manchester Children's Tumour Registry data for the period 1954-1977 have been analysed. The overall incidence of malignant disease in children aged 0-14 years in the north-west of England is estimated to be 100 per million person-years. The most common disease group is leukaemia, which forms about one third of the total number of cases. Among solid tumours, by far the most common presenting site is the central nervous system, representing nearly a quarter of all neoplasms. Wilms' tumour, neuroblastoma and soft-tissue sarcomas comprise approximately 5%, 6.5% and 6% respectively of the total. The tumours most frequently seen in adults (e.g. carcinoma of colon, lung and breast) are extremely rare in childhood. A significant excess of males was seen in acute lymphoid leukaemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, medulloblastoma and hepatoblastoma. A female excess was found among germ-cell tumours. During the study period significant increases in incidence were seen among acute lymphoid leukaemia and epithelial tumours, and an increase in germ cell tumours approached significance.
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PMID:Incidence of malignant disease in childhood: a 24-year review of the Manchester Children's Tumour Registry data. 625 25

The tremendous progress that has been made in the chemotherapy of malignant diseases since the early 1950's has enabled the cure of a significant number of cancers such as chloriocarcinoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, the acute leukaemias, testicular carcinoma, and many childhood cancers such as rhabdomyosarcoma, Wilm's tumor, Ewing's sarcoma, ovarian cancer, and retinoblastoma. As a result, the mortality from cancers has dropped by 15% for persons under the age of 45 years and even more for those under 30 years of age. Many other metastatic cancers can now be successfully controlled with chemotherapy and, ultimately, more will be added to the growing list of curable cancers. The chemotherapeutic agents responsible for the cures of some cancers include asparaginase, actinomycin D, Adriamycin, bleomycin, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, cytosine arabinoside, 5-fluorouracil, 6-mercaptopurine, methotrexate, nitrogen mustard, prednisone, procarbazine, and vincristine. The discovery of new effective drugs such as AMSA and anthracenedione promises to improve the success rates obtained with present therapy. Chemotherapy is indicated for every patient who has metastatic cancer, since virtually every patient can receive some palliation from such therapy, while for some patients chemotherapy holds the promise of prolongation of life or even cure.
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PMID:The curability of advanced cancers with chemotherapy. 627 28

A search was made for cancers among offspring and siblings of 149 Connecticut-born children with Wilms tumor reported to the Connecticut Tumor Registry during 1935 to 1973. Nasopharyngeal rhabdomyosarcoma developed in the daughter of a man with unilateral Wilms tumor that also affected his sister. Hodgkin disease developed in the daughter of a woman who had unilateral Wilms tumor. One other patient had a sibling with Wilms tumor and three had a sibling with other cancers (two Hodgkin disease, one testicular seminoma). The survey suggests an excess risk of other forms of cancer among the progeny and siblings of Wilms tumor patients.
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PMID:Childhood cancer in offspring of two Wilms tumor survivors. 627 75

Data from the first four volumes of Cancer Incidence in Five Continents (CI-5) and from the first 5 years of the US Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program were analyzed for evidence of geographical and temporal variations in the incidence of selected childhood tumors. Only lymphoid leukemia and glial neoplasms are common enough for the observed differences between US registries to be distinguished from sampling variation. Internationally, kidney and eye tumors and leukemia show less geographical variation than do lymphomas and brain tumors, but for none of the tumors examined is the incidence constant. Wilms' tumor rates among Japanese, Singapore Chinese and Indians (Bombay) are approximately 60% of the rates in North America and Britain, whereas in Scandinavia the rates are up to 30% higher. This lessens the status of Wilms' tumor as an "index tumor" of childhood. Areas or countries with especially high or low rates of other tumors are identified. Rates for glial neoplasms (SEER data) and Hodgkin's disease (CI-5) are increasing with time in the US, while brain tumors are being diagnosed more frequently worldwide. However, the results for brain tumors may largely reflect changes in pathology diagnosis or reporting practices, and those for Hodgkin's disease may reflect improvements in case ascertainment. Otherwise, there is a remarkable stability in the incidence of selected childhood cancers over time.
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PMID:Childhood cancer incidence: geographical and temporal variations. 631 78

Thirty episodes of hypercalcemia were observed in 20 children with solid tumors: principally 9 cases of non Hodgkin's lymphomas, 4 cases of rhabdomyosarcomas and 4 cases of Wilms' tumors. The 2 children with neurological manifestations and hypertension had the most severe symptoms secondary to the high calcium levels. However, hypercalcemia was asymptomatic in 8 of the 20 children. Focal seizures and metastatic calcifications subsequently occurred in 6 children. Emergency treatment of hypercalcemia often had partial or transient efficiency. In contrast, high calcium levels always returned to normal after anti-tumoral treatment.
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PMID:[Hypercalcemia associated with tumors in children. 20 cases]. 650 84

The true survival rates for the various forms of childhood cancer are best determined from a population-based study rather than from the results of clinical trials. Population-based survival rates have been calculated for four periods between 1956 and 1980 in Queensland. There was a significant improvement in survival for children who developed cancer after 1973 compared with those diagnosed before this date. There has however been no significant improvement in the survival rate for childhood cancer overall, or for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia since 1973. Over the 25 year period significant trends in survival rates were seen in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, Wilms' tumour, medulloblastoma, and retinoblastoma. No such trend was seen for acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia, neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, juvenile or anaplastic astrocytoma, brain stem glioma, histiocytosis X, or bone tumours. There is a need for continuing research into better methods of treatment of childhood cancer.
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PMID:Childhood cancer survival trends in Queensland 1956-80. 658 17

During six-month period, 102 consecutive episodes of fever in 68 children (ranging from 1 month to 14 years of age) with malignant diseases were prospectively evaluated. Sixty-five had acute lymphoblastic leukemia, nine had acute myeloblastic leukemia, nine had malignant lymphoma (four Hodgkin and five non-Hodgkin), five had chronic myeloid leukemia, four had rhabdomyosarcoma, three had CNS tumors, two had neuroblastoma, one had Wilms, and four had other malignant tumors. Forty cases (39.2%) showed severe neutropenia (500 neutrophil/m3) during the episode. S. aureus, E. coli, and S. pyogenes were in 53% of the 75 microbiologic isolates. Twenty-two percent of the viral studies were positive. Mycologic studies were all negative, except one case with C. Albicans. Pneumonia (33 cases), cellulitis (15 cases), pharyngitis (12 cases), and varicella (11 cases) were the most common final diagnosis. Seventy-one percent of the episodes were etiologically documented (by bacterial isolate, characteristic serology, and/or typical clinic picture); 19% of the febrile episodes were probable infections, and 10% were fever of uncertain cause. Ninety percent of the cases responded well to therapy, and mortality of this series was 7%. Gentamicin, Carbenicillin, and Methicilin were the more common antibiotics employed. We conclude that in our population 1) infection is a frequent cause of morbidity in children with malignant diseases; 2) the most common cause of the febrile episodes is bacterial infection; 3) S. aureus, E. coli and S. pyrogenes are the most frequent bacterial isolates, and P. aeruginosa is infrequent; 4)viral infections are relatively frequent in this group of children; and 5) with adequate management, the mortality is low.
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PMID:Infections in children with malignant disease in Argentina. 722 35


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