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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Survival from cancer of children whose cancer was diagnosed during the 30 years 1954-83 was analysed. The study was population based with nearly 3000 cases covering about 30 million child years at risk. When survival during the three decades 1954-63, 1964-73, and 1974-83 was compared striking improvements were observed. For all childhood cancer five year survival increased from 21% in the first decade to 49% in the third decade. During the first and third decades five year survival rates for acute lymphocytic leukaemia increased from 2% to 47%, Hodgkin's disease from 44% to 91%, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma from 18% to 45%, Wilms's tumour from 31% to 85%, and germ cell tumours from 10% to 64%. Twenty patients developed second primary tumours, but otherwise there were few late deaths. Less than 1% of children who survived without a relapse for 10 years subsequently died of their initial cancer. Survival from childhood cancer is no longer rare, and people who have been cured of cancer during childhood should be accepted as normal members of society.
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PMID:Improvements in survival from childhood cancer: results of a population based survey over 30 years. 284 Jan 71

A fist-size Wilms tumour was recorded from a patient, 29 years of age, seven years after therapeutic irradiation for histologically secured Hodgkin's disease (nodular sclerosis, stage II with involvement of cervical and mediastinal lymph nodes). Nephrectomy was performed on the patient who died of bronchopneumonia on the 30th postoperative day. Autopsy did not reveal any residues of the lymphogranulomatosis or metastases of the nephroblastoma.
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PMID:[Wilms' tumor in adults after curative treatment of Hodgkin's disease]. 284 40

Reports of splenic dysfunction in patients with Hodgkin's disease who received radiation therapy to the spleen raise questions concerning impairment of splenic function and the long-term risk of bacterial sepsis in children who receive abdominal radiation for other diseases. Splenic function was studied in 20 children with Wilms' tumor using a quantitative assessment of vacuolated ("pitted") red cells as a measure of reticuloendothelial function. Fourteen children had received abdominal radiation to a field involving the spleen at a median dose of 2000 rads. Their pitted red cells counts were no different from those of 6 children who received therapy without radiation to the spleen or to those of a group of normal children and adults. We conclude that there is no demonstrable long-term impairment of spleen function with radiation doses at or below 2200 rads.
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PMID:The effect of abdominal radiation on spleen function: a study in children with Wilms' tumor. 285 89

In a case-control study of childhood cancer a dose-response relationship was found between the number of cigarettes smoked per day by the mother during pregnancy and cancer risk in the offspring. When all tumour sites were considered the cancer risk was 50% higher for the most exposed group than for the controls. The risk was doubled for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, and Wilms' tumour. These findings provide further evidence for the harmful effects of cigarette smoke on the growing fetus.
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PMID:Maternal smoking during pregnancy and risk of childhood cancer. 287 71

This paper presents an update from the Late Effects Study Group on 292 cases of second malignant neoplasms (SMN) occurring in individuals who were diagnosed with their first neoplasm in childhood. Data are presented regarding the types of first and second neoplasm, the therapy administered, and the predisposing factors. Of the 292 cases (308 SMN), the most common primary was retinoblastoma followed by Hodgkin's disease, soft-tissue sarcomas, and Wilms' tumor. This is not similar to the relative frequency of these cancers in children but rather reflects specific risk factors. Bone sarcomas were the most common SMN among the 208 SMN developing in previously irradiated sites while acute leukemia was the most common SMN unassociated with radiation. Known predisposing conditions to cancer were present in 73 cases; retinoblastoma was the most common of these, followed by neurofibromatosis. There were ten patients with three and three patients with four malignant neoplasms. In 14 patients, the cause of SMN was not suggested by known risk factors as these patients had negative family histories and received no radiation or chemotherapy. We note, therefore, that although most cases of SMN in survivors of childhood cancer can be attributed to radiation, genetic disease, chemotherapy, or combinations of these, unrecognized predisposition or chance may also play a role.
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PMID:Second malignant neoplasms in children: an update from the Late Effects Study Group. 298 46

Since 1980, impressive progress in the treatment of solid tumors has altered the practice of pediatric surgical oncology. Because these advances have been balanced by both liberal and conservative viewpoints, an accurate reassessment of traditional approaches has been possible. Noteworthy alterations in chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgical attitudes have improved survival rates and lessened the morbidity associated with malignant disease. Close cooperation among surgeons, pediatricians, and oncologists remains the common denominator in the successful treatment of pediatric solid tumors. This article presents examples of progress in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease, metastatic pulmonary disease, Wilms' tumor, and rhabdomyosarcoma and discusses the role of surgical intervention in conjunction with chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
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PMID:Progress in pediatric solid tumors. 300 80

Modern multidisciplinary treatment of childhood cancer has made extent of disease evaluation important for proper treatment planning. Accurate staging is essential to cooperative group studies and for comparing treatment modalities at different centers. Operative staging plays an important role where clinical or imaging methods are limited, as in abdominal Hodgkin's disease or regional nodal metastasis. Operative staging is carried out either as a special diagnostic procedure, as in lymphoma, or as part of a planned surgical resection of a solid tumor. For lymphomas: Operative staging of abdominal Hodgkin's disease is required where protocols include involved field irradiation and sparing of normal growing tissue in the child. In non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, bulky abdominal tumor may be surgically evaluated after intensive chemotherapy either in delayed primary surgery or in second look procedures. Residual tumor may be excised or tagged with clips for localized irradiation to the tumor sparing normal abdominal organs. For solid tumors: During surgical resection of neuroblastoma, Wilms' tumor and rhabdomyosarcoma, the correct procedure involves regional staging either by formal node dissections or by multiple biopsies to determine extent of spread. Regional node dissections are often part of a correct cancer operation for cure, but also give staging information unobtainable by other methods. The surgeon must plan every procedure carefully with the aim of curing the patient and also deriving maximum information from the operation to enable correct planning of further treatment.
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PMID:The objectives and importance of operative staging of children with cancer. 301 92

A patient is described who developed Hodgkin's disease 16 years after treatment of Wilms' tumor with radiation and actinomycin D. The issues relating to Hodgkin's disease as a second malignancy are reviewed. The need for long-term surveillance of patients with malignant disease for late effects of the cancer and its treatment is emphasized.
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PMID:Hodgkin's disease following Wilms' tumor: a case report. 303 54

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy has been employed to establish morphologic diagnoses in abdominal and retroperitoneal tumors in 54 infants and children. A 0.4-0.7-mm gauge needle was used; the puncture was performed through the anterior abdominal wall in the abdominal tumors and by the lateral approach in the retroperitoneal tumors. Malignant tumors were discovered in 51 cases (94.4%). The nature of the lesion was recognized in 96.2%, and correct cell typing was achieved in 90.2%. The most frequent lesion was non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma, followed by neuroblastoma, nephroblastoma, and individual cases of other epithelial and mesenchymal tumors. Using parallel bone marrow examination, half of the neuroblastoma cases and five of 28 lymphoma cases showed bone marrow involvement. We observed no complications caused by the fine-needle aspiration technique. Due to the safety and efficacy of this technique, it can often be used instead of explorative laparatomy.
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PMID:Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of abdominal and retroperitoneal tumors in infants and children. 303 51

Nodular lymphocyte predominance type of Hodgkin's disease can be distinguished from other subtypes of Hodgkin's disease on morphological and clinical grounds. Immunohistological studies on frozen tissue sections of seven cases of nodular lymphocyte predominance type of Hodgkin's disease (NLPHD) show differences in B cell, T cell, as well as dendritic cell population. NLPHD is confined to follicles which contain predominantly small lymphocytes, usually over 50% B cells and large numbers of B2+, anti-C3b+, anti-DRC+, and Ig- dendritic cells. The IgM+, IgD+, Leu8- B lymphocytes are of polyclonal origin. The T lymphocytes in these follicles are reactive with Leu7 in addition to T11, Leu1, T3, Leu3, and WT1. Leu7 is a monoclonal antibody reactive with natural killer cells, but also with a subpopulation of Leu3+ lymphocytes present in normal germinal centers. The population with this phenotype, not found in other types of Hodgkin's disease, appears to be greatly increased (up to 30%) in NLPHD. The so-called L&H type Sternberg-Reed (S-R) cells of NLPHD are transformed B cells, reactive with anti-B cell monoclonal antibodies which in some cases express detectable amounts of membrane and/or cytoplasmic immunoglobulin. Also, L&H type Sternberg-Reed cells in all cases stained for Ki-1 and Tac, and in three cases for LeuM1. Taken together, the findings indicate that NLPHD represents a proliferation of germinal center cells.
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PMID:Nodular lymphocyte predominance type of Hodgkin's disease is a germinal center lymphoma. 308 57


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