Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Age-specific worldwide trends in cancer mortality were reviewed, with emphasis on cancer sites where increases have been reported in the USA. Cancer rates vary by factors as high as 30 between all countries, and 5-fold within and between industrialised countries. In Italy, Japan, Federal Republic of Germany, England and Wales, and the USA, patterns of cancer mortality have shifted uniformly over the past two decades. Stomach cancer continues to decline, while brain and other central-nervous-system cancer, breast cancer, multiple myeloma, kidney cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and melanoma have increased in persons aged 55 and older. Cancer of the lung is starting to decline for men under age 85 and women under age 60 in England and Wales and men under age 45 in the USA, but is still rising for men and women in other countries. All forms of cancer are increasing in persons over age 54 except lung and stomach (which together comprise between 20% and 43% of all cancer in males in these countries). Studies of the quality of ascertainment and enumeration indicate that these increases are not attributable solely to diagnostic artifacts or to increased access to health care, although both these factors may be involved. These recorded increases in cancer should be assessed in greater detail to provide better projections of health care needs and to identify causal factors that may be controlled. The changes in cancer other than lung are so great and rapid that their causes demand intensive investigation.
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PMID:International trends in cancer mortality in France, West Germany, Italy, Japan, England and Wales, and the USA. 197 9

A historical cohort study was conducted to evaluate the mortality experience of 6,831 employees of the Shell Oil Company, Deer Park, Texas, petroleum refinery and chemical plant with emphasis on cancer mortality. Subjects were all workers with potential plant exposure who were employed for at least 3 months during 1948-72. Vital status was determined as of 12/31/83 for 98% of the cohort and death certificates were obtained for 95.4% of 1,180 observed deaths. The statistical analyses excluded 159 female study members. For all causes of death combined, all cancers combined, and for most of the nonmalignant disease categories examined, there were deficits in mortality among refinery workers, chemical plant workers, and workers with experience in both areas. These deficits were generally most pronounced for chemical plant workers. An analysis of specific cancer sites revealed patterns of increased risk suggestive of a possible relationship between occupational exposures in the refinery and lympho-reticulosarcoma. Patterns of increased risk were also observed among chemical plant workers for a category of lymphopoietic tissue cancers, including multiple myeloma, myelofibrosis, polycythemia vera, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Some very limited evidence of a possible workplace association was also found among refinery workers for leukemia and cancers of the central nervous system and biliary passages/liver. No evidence was found of an increased risk for cancer of the respiratory system or stomach or for malignant melanoma. A work history review of all suspect cancer excesses failed to identify any common work areas, job assignments, or exposure potentials, although the lack of detailed data on specific chemical exposures precluded accurate assessments of exposure-response.
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PMID:Mortality patterns among petroleum refinery and chemical plant workers. 198 34

In our hospital over the last 10 years a diagnosis of nodular regenerative hyperplasia was made for 13 patients. Sixty-nine percent of these patients had portal hypertension, representing 27% of all our patients with portal hypertension and a non-cirrhotic liver. Nodular regenerative hyperplasia was the second most frequent cause of portal hypertension in patients without cirrhosis. To make the diagnosis, a reticulin staining of a surgical biopsy is most helpful. However, the characteristic derangement of the liver architecture on histology may still be overlooked. In this study a suggestive relation was found between malignant disease (multiple myeloma, chronic myelogenous leukaemia, Leydig cell tumour and Hodgkin's disease), the use of cytotoxic or immunosuppressive drugs and nodular regenerative hyperplasia. Furthermore, a high rate of symptomatic nodular regenerative hyperplasia was observed in patients following kidney transplantation. Liver function abnormalities developed in these patients after a period ranging from 8 months to 3 years of immunosuppressive- or chemotherapy. These liver function abnormalities were, however, usually mild. Since hepatic encephalopathy is not likely to develop in these patients with nodular regenerative hyperplasia a decompressive shunt operation is a good alternative approach, if not the treatment of choice, for the prevention of recurrent variceal haemorrhage.
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PMID:Nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver: an important cause of portal hypertension in non-cirrhotic patients. 200 79

Recently, several malignant cell types have been reported to express colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) transcripts; however, the clinical significance of CSF-1 in malignancy has not been investigated. Using a CSF-1 radioimmunoassay, we surveyed concentrations of biologically active CSF-1 in the peripheral blood of 316 patients with malignant and premalignant hematologic disorders; 75 had a myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), 12 acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), 7 chronic myelogenous leukemia, 21 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), 106 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL; of low-, intermediate- and high-grade malignancy), 46 Hodgkin's disease (HD), 46 multiple myeloma (MM), and 3 monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Controls were 64 healthy subjects. The CSF-1 concentration was correlated with the type of disease, status of the disease, treatment status, and hematologic parameters. CSF-1 concentration was significantly elevated in 83.5% of the patients with active disease, and for each active disease group it was significantly greater (P less than .0001) than in the control. Thus, the high circulating CSF-1 concentration was not associated with a particular malignant phenotype or MDS subtype, but did correlate with the disease activity of both NHL and HD, and the tumor burden in MM, AML, and CLL. There was no correlation of the CSF-1 level with total counts of monocytes or neutrophils in patients with MDS or other malignancies. The cellular basis for the elevated circulating CSF-1 was not investigated. However, the results are consistent with the possibility that the premalignant or malignant cells themselves produce CSF-1 or regulate its production by normal cells.
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PMID:Increased circulating colony-stimulating factor-1 in patients with preleukemia, leukemia, and lymphoid malignancies. 201 2

Lymphoproliferative disorders are the frequent cause of indeterminate processes in the head and neck region for which otolaryngologists are often consulted by colleagues seeking a diagnosis. Because a wide spectrum of diseases may be represented, tissue diagnosis is often required. Recent advances in tissue immunotyping and DNA probes permit more precise identification and classification of these disorders. Lymphoproliferative disorders may be subdivided into five categories: Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, histiocytosis X, benign reactive lymphoproliferative disorders, and plasma cell neoplasms. Representative cases are presented, along with a brief discussion of each category.
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PMID:Lymphoproliferative disorders of the head and neck. 202 64

Autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) has developed considerably in the past 15 years and is now a routine procedure for the consolidation of acute leukemias, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and Hodgkin's disease. In addition, ABMT has been tested in multiple myeloma (MM) and even considered in highly selected cases of chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). Interest has resulted from the discovery of new purging procedures such as long-term cultures with or without serum-free media containing various lymphokines, the evaluation of cryoinjury on malignant cells, the increased detection of minimal residual disease using PCR, and the acceleration of hemopoietic recovery post-ABMT through the use of peripheral blood stem cells and/or lymphokines. Results presented include data from the international (ABMTR) and European (EBMT) registries, and our own unit in Paris. With respect to acute leukemias, (a) the EBMT listed 1,688 patients. The overall results were as follows: for patients autografted in complete remission (CR) 1, the leukemia-free survival and relapse rate at 7 years were 48 +/- 2% and 41 +/- 3% for AML and 44 +/- 5% and 45 +/- 5% in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), respectively. In CR2, the figures were 34 +/- 4% and 54 +/- 5% for AML and 32 +/- 3% and 62 +/- 4% for ALL, respectively. Patients not relapsing at 1 year post-ABMT had a probability of being cured at 7 years of 86 and 71% if autografted in CR1 and CR2 for AML and 81 and 59% for ALL, respectively. Multivariate analysis of relapse rates in several subpopulations confirmed the efficacy of marrow purging in AML CR1: in patients transplanted prior to January 1988 (minimum follow-up of 2 years), the relapse rate with purged marrow was 35 +/- 5% vs. 47 +/- 3% (p less than 0.005). (b) In Paris, St-Antoine, using TBI and marrow purged with mafosfamide at levels individually adjusted (Blood 1986;67:1367), the probability of remission and DFS were 84 and 62% in AML CR1 63 and 59% in ALL CR1, respectively. There was a statistically significant relationship between the relapse rate and the residual amount of CFUGM progenitors in the marrow after purging. The cutoff point was 0.3%, with a relapse rate of 54% in those receiving marrow containing the higher residual CFUGM fractions and only 29% in those receiving less. With respect to non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, the EBMT listed 698 patients. In intermediate or high grade lymphomas, the DFS at 6 years was 30% and 18% in sensitive and resistant relapses, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Autologous bone marrow transplantation in hematological malignancies. 204 65

In order to determine the population-based survival of patients with cancer and changes over time, a follow-up study with the Eindhoven Cancer Registry was carried out in 11 hospitals in southeastern Noord Brabant and northern Limburg. Data were collected from medical records and supplemented with information on date of death as of 31 December, 1987, and the relative survival, the ratio of observed and expected survival and trends in age-specific cancer mortality were calculated. Of 22,833 patients diagnosed in the period 1975-85 22,744 could be evaluated; 22% were over 75 years of age and 13% did not receive primary treatment of the tumour. The 5 and 10-year cumulative relative survival rates were 33% and 27% for men and 51% and 44% for women, respectively. The 10-year relative survival rate was more than 50% for Hodgkin's disease, melanoma and cancer of the testis, breast, larynx, thyroid, uterine cervix and corpus; it was less than 20% for multiple myeloma, cancer of the oesophagus, stomach, gallbladder, pancreas, lung and brain. Comparison with 5-year relative survival rates for the various tumours reported in Finland, the Canton of Vaud (Switzerland) and the United States revealed only small differences. The 5-year relative survival rate remained unaltered for men and increased from 50% in the period 1975-79 to 52% in 1980-85 for women; it improved mainly in patients below 45 years, while cancer mortality also declined below this age. In conclusion, there was a slight increase of survival of cancer patients, mainly the young and women.
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PMID:[Survival chances of patients diagnosed with cancer in 1975-1985 in southeast Noord-Brabant and north Limburg]. 205 10

Autologous bone marrow transplantation (BMT) has become effective therapy for high-risk hematologic leukemias with long-term disease-free survivals and apparent cure in a substantial fraction of patients with relapsed aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, relapsed Hodgkin's disease, and the acute leukemias. Preliminary reports suggest autologous BMT may also be useful treatment for low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, chronic myelogenous leukemia, and multiple myeloma. Recent studies have begun to address the role autologous BMT should play in these diseases, especially relative to conventional-dose therapy and allogeneic BMT. Relapse remains the major cause for failure following autologous BMT. Novel approaches that can increase the antitumor effect of this treatment without increasing toxicity are being investigated.
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PMID:Autologous bone marrow transplantation in hematologic malignancies. 206 87

Survival data from eight Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) protocols were examined for patients with lung cancer (N = 961), multiple myeloma (N = 577), gastric cancer (N = 231), pancreatic cancer (N = 174), breast cancer (N = 87), and Hodgkin's disease (N = 58). After accounting for differences in survival rate attributable to type of cancer, initial performance status, age, and 14 other protocol-specific prognostic indicators, the additional predictive value of socioeconomic status (SES) was evaluated. Race (white v non-white) was not a significant predictor of survival time, but income and education were. People with lower annual incomes (below $5,000 per year in the years 1977 to 1981) and those with lower educational level (grade school only) showed survival times significantly shorter than those with higher income or education, respectively. These survival differences were associated with, but could not be fully explained by, severity of disease at initial presentation. SES continued to exert a small but significant impact on cancer survival, even after controlling for all known prognostic variables. Economically and educationally disadvantaged cancer patients may require treatment programs that include education about treatment and compliance, even after an initial diagnosis is made and treatment is initiated. Because SES is related to survival independent of all known prognostic variables, it should be included in the data bases of clinical trial groups to provide a more accurate test of the effectiveness of new therapies.
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PMID:Socioeconomic status and cancer survival. 207 49

The purpose of the study was assessment of the effectiveness of treatment applied in nine proliferative diseases of the haemopoietic system (PDHS) in the years 1951-1980. The effectiveness was determined comparing the mean survival time in each of these diseases in three 10-year-time periods characterised by essential changes in their treatment. Moreover, other factors were studied which may influence the survival time in these diseases. A continuing increase in the survival time correlated with advances in therapy was observed in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), Hodgkin's disease (HD) and multiple myeloma (MM). An indicator of the advances in the treatment of acute leukaemias was also an over fourfold rise in the likelihood of achieving complete remission in the decade 1971-1980 in relation to two preceding decades. On the other hand, no improvement of the effectiveness of treatment was noted in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), polycythaemia vera (PV), myelofibrosis (MF) and non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL). The length of the survival time was influenced also considerably by patient's age (survival lower in old age), sex (better results in women) and place of residence of the patient (worse results in patients living in rural areas).
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PMID:Clinical-haematological analysis of 3321 cases of proliferative diseases of the haemopoietic system treated in the Institute of Haematology in the years 1951-1980. 207 60


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