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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A historical cohort study was conducted to evaluate the mortality experience of 6,831 employees of the Shell Oil Company, Deer Park, Texas, petroleum refinery and chemical plant with emphasis on cancer mortality. Subjects were all workers with potential plant exposure who were employed for at least 3 months during 1948-72. Vital status was determined as of 12/31/83 for 98% of the cohort and death certificates were obtained for 95.4% of 1,180 observed deaths. The statistical analyses excluded 159 female study members. For all causes of death combined, all cancers combined, and for most of the nonmalignant disease categories examined, there were deficits in mortality among refinery workers, chemical plant workers, and workers with experience in both areas. These deficits were generally most pronounced for chemical plant workers. An analysis of specific cancer sites revealed patterns of increased risk suggestive of a possible relationship between occupational exposures in the refinery and lympho-reticulosarcoma. Patterns of increased risk were also observed among chemical plant workers for a category of lymphopoietic tissue cancers, including multiple myeloma, myelofibrosis, polycythemia vera, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Some very limited evidence of a possible workplace association was also found among refinery workers for leukemia and cancers of the central nervous system and biliary passages/liver. No evidence was found of an increased risk for cancer of the respiratory system or stomach or for malignant melanoma. A work history review of all suspect cancer excesses failed to identify any common work areas, job assignments, or exposure potentials, although the lack of detailed data on specific chemical exposures precluded accurate assessments of exposure-response.
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PMID:Mortality patterns among petroleum refinery and chemical plant workers. 198 34

This paper uses information on occupation and industry routinely collected in a state-based cancer registry to assess potential associations between work place exposures and cancer incidence. Industry-specific proportional cancer incidence ratios (PCIR) were calculated by race and sex for all individuals and for white males with blue-collar occupations. Expected numbers of cancers were derived both from cancers occurring among all occupations and just among blue-collar occupations. This latter analysis was done as a control for differences in the prevalence of life-style habits between blue- and white-collar workers. Increased lung cancer PCIR were seen in most industries previously reported to be associated with lung cancer risk. The effects of socioeconomic status on these results are discussed. Other results include an increased ratio of melanoma in blue-collar white male rubber and plastic product workers, an increased ratio of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in motor vehicle manufacture workers, and an increased PCIR of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in general construction workers. Uterine cancer was increased in proportion in white females for a number of industries including rubber and plastic product manufacture, apparel manufacture, and electrical equipment manufacture.
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PMID:Cancer by industry: analysis of a population-based cancer registry with an emphasis on blue-collar workers. 199 75

The risk of second malignancies following non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) was estimated in 29,153 patients diagnosed with NHL between 1973 and 1987 in one of nine areas participating in the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. Compared with the general population, NHL patients were at a significantly increased risk of developing second cancers (observed/expected [O/E] = 1.18; O = 1231). The O/E ratio increased significantly with time to reach 1.77 in 10-year survivors. Significant excesses were noted for acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (O/E = 2.88), cancers of the bladder (O/E = 1.30), kidney (O/E = 1.47), and lung (O/E = 1.57), malignant melanoma (O/E = 2.44), and Hodgkin's disease (O/E = 4.16). Chemotherapy appeared related to subsequent acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) and bladder cancer. Radiation therapy was associated with ANLL and possibly cancers of the lung, bladder, and bone. Malignant melanoma was not clearly related to initial NHL treatment.
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PMID:Second cancers following non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 200 17

In order to determine the population-based survival of patients with cancer and changes over time, a follow-up study with the Eindhoven Cancer Registry was carried out in 11 hospitals in southeastern Noord Brabant and northern Limburg. Data were collected from medical records and supplemented with information on date of death as of 31 December, 1987, and the relative survival, the ratio of observed and expected survival and trends in age-specific cancer mortality were calculated. Of 22,833 patients diagnosed in the period 1975-85 22,744 could be evaluated; 22% were over 75 years of age and 13% did not receive primary treatment of the tumour. The 5 and 10-year cumulative relative survival rates were 33% and 27% for men and 51% and 44% for women, respectively. The 10-year relative survival rate was more than 50% for Hodgkin's disease, melanoma and cancer of the testis, breast, larynx, thyroid, uterine cervix and corpus; it was less than 20% for multiple myeloma, cancer of the oesophagus, stomach, gallbladder, pancreas, lung and brain. Comparison with 5-year relative survival rates for the various tumours reported in Finland, the Canton of Vaud (Switzerland) and the United States revealed only small differences. The 5-year relative survival rate remained unaltered for men and increased from 50% in the period 1975-79 to 52% in 1980-85 for women; it improved mainly in patients below 45 years, while cancer mortality also declined below this age. In conclusion, there was a slight increase of survival of cancer patients, mainly the young and women.
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PMID:[Survival chances of patients diagnosed with cancer in 1975-1985 in southeast Noord-Brabant and north Limburg]. 205 10

High altitude exposure and/or aviator status correlate significantly with cancerous conditions of the skin, testicles, bladder, and thyroid based upon a comprehensive literature review and survey of governmental sources. Other lesser significantly associated conditions include leukemia, lymphosarcoma, and Hodgkin's disease. Although radiation and sunlight are strongly associated with cancer incidence and risk at high altitudes, other intervening variables are discussed and critically reviewed using malignant melanoma of the skin as an example.
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PMID:Aviation, high altitude, cumulative radiation exposure and their associations with cancer. 205 25

Six out of 204 patients with Hodgkin's disease developed second malignant tumours 25, 30, 61, 65, 68 and 130 months following their treatment. The length of follow-up ranged between 24-233 months with a mean value of 95.8 months. Half of the tumours appeared within the volume irradiated. Five patients received radio- and polychemotherapy, only but one radiotherapy alone. The location of tumours found was as follows: 1 melanoma of the skin, 1 adenocarcinoma of the nasopharynx, 1 cancer of the rectum, 1 renal cell cancer as well as two cancers of the lung. Four patients are living following treatment of their secondary tumour. Until now no case of acute leukaemia could be observed.
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PMID:[Development of a secondary malignant tumor in patients with Hodgkin's disease]. 218 43

In a study of 6,389 male cancer patients diagnosed and treated at the Cancer Control Agency of British Columbia from 1950-1975, several associations were detected between occupation and specific cancers. Elevated risks for lung cancer were seen in miners, metal processors and machinists, while a reduced risk was seen in farmers. Lip cancer excesses were detected in individuals involved in several outdoor occupations, and melanoma excesses were seen for three groups of predominantly indoor workers. These results confirm previous findings in the literature, whereas the following associations have not been previously reported. Fishermen were found to have an excess of Hodgkin's Disease (RR = 3.0, 95% C.I. = 1.4,6.5), engineers are at an elevated risk of cancer of the pancreas (RR = 4.2, C.I. = 1.8,9.9), and forestry workers have an elevated risk of bladder cancer (RR = 1.7, C.I. = 1.1,2.6). Further studies will be needed to replicate the new associations detected here.
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PMID:Occupational associations among British Columbia male cancer patients. 220 45

The effective treatment of systemic cancer began in the 1950s on two fronts, i.e., childhood leukemia and choriocarcinoma. These two diseases were successfully treated as a direct result of the use of antifolate methotrexate. The demonstration of complete durable remissions in these diseases quickly led to development of other anticancer drugs, tested using the prospective clinical trials. In the 1960s as the number of active drugs increased, combination chemotherapy was introduced. Other systemic cancers, such as Hodgkin's, large cell lymphoma, and testicular cancer, became curable in the 1970s. For the common low-growth fraction solid tumors, the curability of systemic disease remained elusive until the introduction of adjuvant therapy to treat micrometastases. The past decade of the 1980s has seen improvement in the outcomes for breast cancer, osteosarcoma, and possible colon cancer utilizing adjunctive chemotherapy. The 1980s also saw the introduction of biologic therapies that have further improved the outcomes of several leukemias and produced consistent responses in patients with renal cell and melanoma. The 1990s will undoubtedly see more improvements as the effects of current drugs will be enhanced not only by improved integration of systemic and local therapies but also by utilizing cytokines and biologic response modifiers in concert with cytotoxics. Moreover, as we understand more about the process of cancer induction, promotion, and progression, more specific anti-cancer approaches will be developed to control cancer even before clinical cancer is diagnosed. Underlying and facilitating the improvement in cancer therapy have been not only the experimental results of many laboratory scientists but also the outcomes from many controlled clinical trials, the laboratory of clinical scientists.
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PMID:Progress in the systemic treatment of cancer. Concepts, trials, drugs, and biologics. 230 52

Although cancer mortality in young adults accounts for only a small proportion of all cancer deaths, it is important since it provides useful indications of the most likely future trends, and relevant information on the role of exposure to specific, or newer, carcinogens. We, therefore, analysed trends in cancer mortality between 1955 and 1985 among Italian men and women aged 20-44 years. In those three decades, overall cancer mortality declined steadily, by 27% in young women (from 33.8 to 24.7/100,000, world standard) but only by 3% (from 27.3 to 26.4/100,000) among men. The decline for men, however, was 16% from the peak rate of 31.5 reached in 1970-1974. The major underlying component causing the different trends in the two sexes was lung and other tobacco-related neoplasms, which had been considerably on the increase in young men up to the early 1970s, and levelled-off thereafter, while showing no appreciable change in women. The falls were about 50% for stomach cancer in both sexes, and over 80% for cervical cancer. A clear impact of improved treatment was reflected in the substantial declines in Hodgkin's disease, of testicular cancer in the last decade and, possibly, in the favourable trends in cancers of the breast, bone, brain and leukemias over the most recent calendar periods. Only two sites showed appreciable and persisting upward trends: oral cavity in men and skin melanoma in both sexes. They therefore constitute priorities for intervention in the near future.
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PMID:Cancer mortality in young adults: Italy 1955-1985. 232 66

We undertook a cohort study of all male pilots employed since January 1, 1950, by CP Air, now Canadian Airlines International. A total of 913 eligible pilots--630 active and 283 no longer employed--contributing 18,060 person-years of observation, were identified through company records. As of October 31, 1988, current status was obtained on 891 (97.6%). Standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and standardized incidence ratio (SIR) were used to compare, respectively, the mortality and cancer incidence of the cohort with that of the British Columbia population. Statistical significance of the SMR and SIR by comparison with the Poisson distribution (p less than 0.05 one-sided) and 90% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Excess deaths were observed for aircraft accidents (No. = 23; SMR = 21.29; p less than 0.001; CI 14.60, 30.20), brain cancer (No. = 4; SMR = 4.17, p = 0.017; CI 1.40, 9.50) and rectal cancer (No. = 3; SMR = 4.35; p = 0.033; CI 1.20, 11.20). Excess cancer incidence was noted for non-melanoma skin cancer (No. = 26; SIR = 1.59; p = 0.017; CI 1.10, 2.20), brain cancer (No. = 4; SIR = 3.45; p = 0.030; CI 1.20, 7.90) and Hodgkin's Disease (No. = 3; SIR = 4.54; p = 0.030; CI 1.20, 11.70). These findings, suggesting an excess risk for certain cancers in commercial airline pilots, are based on small numbers and need to be confirmed in larger cohort studies.
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PMID:Mortality and cancer incidence in a cohort of commercial airline pilots. 233 62


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