Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eight cases of Hodgkin's disease and acute leukemia are reported. An additional 74 cases of acute myelocytic leukemia or one of its variants, 11 cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia, 12 cases of chronic myelocytic leukemia and 37 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia associated with Hodgkin's disease are reviewed from the literature. In 3 of the 82 patients with acute myelocytic leukemia and Hodgkin's disease, the two diseases occurred simultaneously. Of the remaining 79 patients, 76 had received radiation therapy for their Hodgkin's disease and acute myelocytic leukemia had developed 1.2 to 19 years later (mean 6.5 years). Thirty-four of these patients also received antineoplastic chemotherapy. Only three patients with Hodgkin's disease were treated with multiple chemotherapy alone; in these, Hodgkin's disease developed 1.2, 1.5 and 3.2 years later. In 4 of 11 patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia and Hodgkin's disease, the two disorders occurred simultaneously. The other seven patients were all treated with radiation for their Hodgkin's disease, and acute lymphocytic leukemia developed 2 to 8 years later (mean 4.5 years). Three of the 7 patients also received alkylating agents. It is concluded that the development of acute leukemia, mostly acute myelocytic leukemia but also acute lymphocytic leukemia, during the course of Hodgkin's disease, is most likely related to radiation therapy. There is as yet insufficient evidence to implicate intensive chemotherapy in the causation of acute leukemia since in only three patients with Hodgkin's disease treated with chemotherapy alone has the development of acute leukemia been reported. It is possible, however, that chemotherapy potentiates the effect of radiotherapy. 2t is also possible that acute leukemia is part of the natural history of Hodgkin's disease and is occurring with greater frequency because of improved survival in Hodgkin's disease since the introduction of better radiotherapeutic and chemotherapeutic treatment regimens.
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PMID:Hodgkin's disease and acute leukemia. Report of eight cases and review of the literature. 109 Jan 58

Serum samples from patients with various malignancies including acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), brain tumor (BT), Hodgkin's disease (HD), and non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were evaluated for nucleolytic activity against six synthetic polynucleotides: polyadenylic acid, polyuridylic acid, polycytidylic acid, polyguanylic acid, polyadenylic-polyuridylic acid, and polyguanylic-polycytidylic acid; The enzyme activity was determined spectrophotometrically by following the degradation of substrate to acid-soluble nucleotides. Most patients had elevated serum RNase activity at the 95% confidence level when compared to 30 controls. Included in this group were 67% of patients with ANLL, 46% of patients with BT, 73% of patients with HD, and 67% of patients with NHL. These data confirmed the earlier suggestion that elevated serum nuclease activity is found in patients with neoplastic disease. However, whether or not a serum was identified as abnormal depended on the substrate used in the assay; this underscored the need to test samples against a variety of polynucleotides. Alterations in serum nucleolytic activity represent an important marker of neoplastic disease and can serve as the basis for a useful clinical screening device.
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PMID:Abnormal profile of human nucleolytic activity as a test for cancer. 120 31

Acute myelocytic leukemia occurring many years after intensive radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy has been reported in 82 patients with Hodgkin's disease, 58 patients with multiple myeloma, and 40 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The precise incidence of this occurrence is uncertain, since the total number of patients at risk is unknown. Most patients with Hodgkin's disease had received intensive radiation therapy. Many also received chemotherapy. One-third of the patients with myeloma were treated only with melphalan. Acute leukemia may occur as part of the natural history of Hodgkin's disease and multiple myeloma; it has been seen with increasing frequency in recent years due to improved survival secondary to better treatment. It is also possible that radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy may be causally related to the development of acute leukemia.
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PMID:Acute leukemia as a delayed consequence of cancer chemotherapy. 125 23

Only in these latest years has been possible to consider Hodgkin disease (HD) as a neoplastic syndrome, thank of immunohistochemistry and cytogenetic techniques which have confirmed the monoclonal origin of typical cellular marker of disease: the Reed-Sternberg cell (R-S cell). Interesting associations have been observed between children suffering from HD and the positivity of EBV antigen above all in the socio-economically developed countries. The histopathologic classification of HD is divided in four sub-types, with different incidence in the pediatric age: the nodular sclerosis and the mixed cellularity are more rap-presented than the lymphocyte predominance and mostly the lymphocyte depletion. Histopathologic classification is essential for the prognosis and a correct therapeutic approach to disease. The management of HD is based on chemotherapy and radiotherapy associated; the results of treatment are more and more encouraging with a global survival over 95%. Sequelae of treatment are reduced in modern therapeutic trials: in particularly injury to somatic growth, cardiopulmonary system, gonadal and thyroid functionality is reduced by using low dose and involved fields for the early stage patients. The most important sequela in children treated for HD is the risk to developed a second malignant neoplasm; in particularly acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and non Hodgkin's lymphoma. In patients treated with radiotherapy alone increase the risk to develop solid tumors like sarcomas and carcinomas, which can appears several years after diagnosis.
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PMID:[Hodgkin's disease in childhood]. 130 82

We analyzed the rearrangement of T-cell receptor (TcR) delta chain gene in 196 cases of hematological malignancies. This rearranged band (s) was observed in 15% of the total cases investigated. All T-ALL patients and cell lines, except for P30/Okubo, had a new band (s) or deletion of J delta 1 gene locus, indicating the gamma delta T-cell type or the alpha beta T-cell type. In the other T-cell malignancies, the delta rearranged band (s) was recognized in 5% of T-cell lymphomas, 20% of AILD but not in ATL, Hodgkin's disease, T-CLL. Inappropriate delta rearrangement was frequently recognized in 63% of B-ALL and 50% of CML-BC but none or few (5% less) in B-CLL, B-lymphoma and AML. Southern blotting, using J delta 1 and V delta gene probes or Pst I enzyme digestion, indicated that the inappropriate delta rearranged band in B-ALL and CML-BC is V delta 2D or DD without a J delta locus. The rearranged band (s) involved J delta locus, was mostly recognized in 5/6 cases of CD7 (+) stem cell leukemia. Therefore, the TcR delta gene is useful in evaluating clonality for the most immature T-cell neoplasms, not showing rearrangement of the other TcR genes. Moreover, this delta gene may be a useful tool for distinguishing T-lineage from the other lineages, using the characteristic rearrangement pattern (V delta 2D as a inappropriate pattern, or (D) DJ and V (D) DJ as the T-lineage pattern (s)).
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PMID:[Analysis of T-cell receptor delta chain gene in hematological malignancies]. 132 69

Anti-CD34 is a monoclonal antibody that reacts with bone marrow progenitor cells and leukemic blasts, and is expressed on 30% to 50% of all acute leukemias. Detection of CD34 has previously been restricted to flow cytometric studies. To expand the utility of CD34, we immunostained 46 paraffin-embedded bone marrow specimens with acute leukemia; results were compared with flow cytometric studies. CD34 reactivity was also evaluated in nine chronic leukemia cases, 27 malignant lymphoma cases (Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma), six normal bone marrow specimens, and three benign, hyperplastic lymph node specimens. All cases that were CD34 positive by flow cytometry (11 of 19 B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia cases, one of six T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cases, and seven of 21 acute myeloblastic leukemia cases) were also CD34 positive in paraffin sections. Both cell membrane and cytoplasmic staining was seen. The positivity percentage and fluorescence intensity by flow cytometry correlated with the estimated number of stained cells and the intensity of immunoperoxidase staining in 18 of 19 CD34-positive cases. The remaining bone marrow and lymph node cases studied were CD34 negative; prominent endothelial cell staining, however, was noted. This is the first report of anti-CD34 staining of acute leukemia in paraffin-embedded sections. In contrast to other monoclonal antibodies reactive in bone marrow paraffin sections with leukemia, anti-CD34 immunoperoxidase staining is limited to leukemic blasts and may provide useful diagnostic information when flow cytometric studies are not available.
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PMID:Anti-CD34 immunoperoxidase staining in paraffin sections of acute leukemia: comparison with flow cytometric immunophenotyping. 137 85

Treatment of elderly patients with hematological malignancies is difficult and a matter of controversy. Low responsiveness to therapy and high risk of mortality have been reported. The risk of chemotherapeutic death increases after age 60, and an age-adjusted chemotherapy schedule is needed. In stage III and IV Hodgkin's disease, for example, an age-adjusted COPP regimen may be adopted. Many non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) of elderly patients have a slow course. However, for intermediate to high grade aggressive NHL, dose-reduced CHOP regimen, or non- or low-dose methotrexate-containing programs like BECALM, CNOP, and low dose-ACOP-B are acceptable. MACOP-B regimen with G-CSF may be used for patients under age 65. For the treatment of elderly patients with AML, it is reported that a reduced-dose DAT regimen is better than the standard dose for inducing CR in patients older than 60. In elderly AML patients over 60, the dose-adjustment reported by Mori, or low-dose cytarabine with G-CSF, is recommended. Information about elderly patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is scarce. Aggressive treatments like L-17 M regimen are not tolerable by elderly patients, and a combination chemotherapy consisting of vincristine and prednisolone is recommended.
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PMID:[Treatment of elderly patients with hematological malignancies]. 138 69

Circulating immune complexes (ClC) were estimated in 78 patients of leukaemias and lymphomas by Clq deviation ELISA and PEG assay. In all leukaemias a significant elevation in ClC was seen at the time of first presentation. While in ALL a decrease occurred on therapy as partial or complete remission was achieved, no such fall was seen in AML or CML-BC when treated. ClC levels were much higher in non-Hodgkins lymphoma than in Hodgkins disease and showed a direct correlation with B symptoms and activity of the disease. The ClC levels were highest in null-ALL followed by those in common ALL and T-ALL. The mean duration of remission in patients of ALL without elevation in ClC was much longer than in those with ClC.
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PMID:Circulating immune complexes in leukaemias and lymphomas. 139 53

This report describes the efficacy and toxicity of PAVe (procarbazine, Alkeran, vinblastine) and irradiation (RT) in the management of 159 patients with locally extensive or advanced stage Hodgkin's disease (HD) at Stanford University. Patients received six courses of chemotherapy alternating with RT. The extent of RT and the schedule of treatment varied according to the stage of disease. About 2/3 of patients received PAVe/RT in the setting of prospective, randomized clinical trials. The rate of complete response was 93%. With a median follow-up of seven years (range 2-17), the 15 year actuarial freedom from progression (FFP) is 78% and overall survival is 75%. Ten-year FFP by stage is: 80% for locally extensive stage II, 90% for stage IIIA and 70% for stage IIIB. Excellent and equal results were attained with PAVe/RT vs. MOP(P) (mustard, Oncovin, procarbazine with or without prednisone)/RT in the randomized combined modality studies. Progression or recurrence was documented in 30 patients and was more common in irradiated sites. PAVe was well tolerated acutely. There were no treatment related fatalities. Twenty-three (14%) patients were admitted to the hospital for neutropenic fever. Five second malignancies have occurred after PAVe/RT only: one myelodysplastic syndrome, one acute myelogenous leukemia, one non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and two solid tumors including a case of non-small cell lung cancer and an in situ carcinoma of the cervix. Three patients died from myocardial infarction several years after the completion of treatment. These mature data show that PAVe/RT is effective and well-tolerated therapy for locally extensive stage II and IIIA/B HD.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The Stanford experience with combined procarbazine, Alkeran and vinblastine (PAVe) and radiotherapy for locally extensive and advanced stage Hodgkin's disease. 145 64

In both animal models and human studies in leukemia, residual disease on day 8 following myelosuppressive therapy is in a proliferative phase and therefore may be sensitive to the S-phase specific drug cytarabine. Based on this concept, 17 patients with refractory or relapsed leukemia or lymphoma undergoing either autologous or allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) were treated on a Phase I protocol using high doses of busulfan (16 mg/kg, days -10, -9, -8, -7) and cyclophosphamide (120 mg/kg, days -6, -5) followed by escalating doses of a 48-h continuous infusion of cytarabine (starting dose 1000 mg/m2/48 h, days -3, -2). Ten patients received autologous transplants (two with Hodgkin's disease, seven with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, one with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in blast phase). Seven received allogeneic BMT (two with refractory acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), one with refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) undergoing a second BMT, one with Burkitt's-type leukemia, one with ALL in fifth relapse and two with CML in accelerated/blast phase). Two of these patients received a T cell-depleted haploidentical transplant. The maximum tolerated dose of cytarabine was 1500 mg/m2/48 h; a pulmonary syndrome including dyspnea, hypoxemia, and interstitial infiltrates which responded to aggressive diuresis was the dose limiting toxicity. Of the 10 patients who received cytarabine doses of 2000 or 2500 mg/m2/48 h, five patients developed adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with three patients requiring intubation; two recovered. Of the nine patients with lymphoma, seven responded with complete tumor clearance (CTC) with two patients tumor-free 13 and 15 months post-BMT, one remained refractory and one died too early to evaluate (TETE).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Phase I study of busulfan, cyclophosphamide, and timed sequential escalating doses of cytarabine followed by bone marrow transplantation. 154 48


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