Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical and pathological findings in 46 patients with cryptococcosis at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center from 1956 to 1972 are reported. The striking predilection for cryptococcal infection in patients with leukemias and lymphomas is again confirmed. Of 41 patients with neoplastic disease, those with chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL), Hodgkin's Disease, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), myeloma and lymphosarcoma had the highest incidence of cryptococcosis. In all cases, neoplastic disease was widespread when infection occurred. All of these patients had leukopenia and absolute lymphopenia at the time of infection. Thirty-nine were on steroids. Thirty-one patients with neoplastic disease had disseminated infection. Review of pathology revealed a spectrum of inflammatory lesions. Histiocytic-lymphocytic infiltrates occurred in the central nervous system in 10 patients. In six cases, reaction was granulomatous. There were single instances of suppurative and fibrotic reactions. Mortality from infection was high in patients with neoplastic disease. Twenty-four of 28 deaths occurred within 60 days as a result of infection. Within one year, 10 more patients died, nine of cryptococcosis. Only three survived more than one year, and all patients died within 600 days. Twenty-nine patients with neoplastic disease received amphotericin B. Only nine survived more than 60 days.
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PMID:Cryptococcosis in a cancer hospital: clinical and pathological correlates in forty-six patients. 32 54

405 cases with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas have been diagnosed according to the Kiel classification and analysed retrospectively. 314 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of low-grade-malignancy (chronic lymphocytic leukemia, lymphoplasmacytoid, centrocytic, centrocytic, centroblastic-centrocytic lymphoma) manifested significantly higher median survival times than the 91 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of high-grade malignancy (lymphoblastic and immunoblastic lymphoma). Within the group of patients with low-grade malignant lymphomas distinct prognostic differences were found whereas survival times in patients with lymphoblastic or immunoblastic lymphomas were rather similar. The lymphoblastic lymphoma showed a bimodal curve of age distribution whilst all other lymphomas had a maximum of incidence in the seventh decade of life. Increased frequency of B-symptoms did not necessarily represent an unfavorable prognostic factor for the lymphoma entity concerned. Except for chronic lymphocytic leukemia the highest incidence of initial bone marrow involvement was seen in lymphoplasmacytoid, centrocytic and lymphoblastic lymphomas. Centrocytes have been observed in peripheral blood of patients with centrocytic and centroblastic-centrocytic lymphomas, even though lymphocytosis did not exist. Monoclonal hypergammaglobulinemia was found in only 43% of the sera from patients with lymphoplasmocytoid lymphoma. In this disease, it was possible to differentiate between a lymphonodal, a splenomegalic and an extranodal manifestation.
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PMID:[Retrospective analysis of the clinical relevance of the Kiel classification of malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (author's transl)]. 32 31

On the bases of previous experiences and present results it can be stated that total-body irradiation is an effective therapeutical technique for treatment of lymphocytic non-Hodkin's lymphomas including chronic lymphatic leukemia; first results from prospectively randomized studies even revealed a slight superiority of this method as compared to the scheme of combined cytostatical therapy (CVP) mostly applied at present. Particular advantages of total-body irradiation are the easy applicability, the relatively short time needed for treatment, and the lack of subjective secondary effects. Thus, ambulatory therapy can be performed without any difficulty. The only complication which may occur arises from myelotoxicity reaching its maximum not earlier than after the end of treatment. Careful follow-up of the patients, therefore, is indispensable. The indication of total-body irradiation for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas depends on the objective findings, the stage of disease, and mainly on the histological classification.
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PMID:[Total-body irradiation in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas as an alternative to chemotherapy]. 32 22

A 56-year-old man with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who developed Richter's syndrome is described. The criteria for diagnosis are given and the histology is discussed. We agree that Richter's syndrome represents a peculiar complication of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and not a separate disease entity. As such, Richter's syndrome must be known and recognized by those evaluating patients with lymphadenopathy whose basic diagnosis may be confused with Hodgkin's disease or "histiocytic" lymphoma.
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PMID:Richter's syndrome. 33 29

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was evaluated histochemically and cytochemically in concert with immunologic technics in 60 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and lymphocytic leukemias. Surface membranes of neoplastic cells were positive for ALP only in certain B-cell malignancies: 3 of 6 lymphocytic lymphomas of intermediate differentiation, 4 of 13 nodular lymphomas, and 1 of 7 Burkett's lymphomas. All other B-cell tumors, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia, well-differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma, and diffuse "histiocytic" lymphoma, were ALP-negative. The neoplastic cells of Sezary syndrome and lymphoblastic lymphoma were also consistently negative for ALP. In control lymph nodes ALP-positive lymphocytes were present only in primary follicles and in mantle zones of secondary follicles. ALP-positive lymphomas appear to be neoplastic counterparts of these normal lymphocytes, not only cytochemically, but also with respect to their morphologic and immunologic characteristics. Furthermore, histochemical inhibition tests suggested that the ALP activity demonstrated may reflect a newly recognized, unique isoenzyme.
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PMID:Alkaline phosphatase-positive malignant lymphoma. A subtype of B-cell lymphomas. 33 71

A literature review about the significance and incidence of lymphography in intrathoracic diseases (lymphogranulomatosis, reticulum cell sarcoma, lymphosarcoma, chronic lymphatic leukemia, giant follicular lymphoma, pulmonary sarcoidosis) is given. Intrathoracic manifestations of malignant lymphomas are absolute indications for lymphography. With the proof of retroperitoneal lymph node involvement alterations in staging of the disease and therapeutical consequences are emerging. In benign lymph node diseases, such as pulmonary sarcoidosis, lymphography will be also helpful for staging, but therapeutic consequences do not ensue, an absolute indication for lymphography is not validated. Lymphography is valuable for the diagnosis of diseases and injuries of the thoracic duct. The existing methods of lymphographic visualization of intrathoracic lymph nodes are not yet satisfying and need further research.
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PMID:[The value of lymphography as supplemental examination in thoracic diseases (author's transl)]. 33 61

Infection with Histoplasma capsulatum in 58 patients whose immune responses were suppressed (Immunosuppressed patients) (16 from the present series and 42 described previously) was analyzed. The most common underlying diseases were Hodgkin's disease (29 per cent), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (19 per cent) and acute lymphocytic leukemia (17 per cent). Sixty-three per cent of the patients had received cytotoxic drugs, and 57 per cent had taken corticosteroids. Widely disseminated infection occurred in 88 per cent of the patients, with predominant involvement of lungs and organs of the reticuloendothelial system. Localized pulmonary infection was present in the remaining patients. The most useful diagnostic method was bone marrow biopsy with microscopic examination for the intracellular yeast form of H. capsulatum. Biopsy of oral lesions, lung, liver and lymph node also proved diagnostically helpful. Growth of H. capsulatum in culture was frequently too slow to be beneficial in diagnosing histoplasmosis in ill patients. Serologic methods were of little diagnostic help in this population of immunosuppressed patients. The response to amphotericin B therapy was excellent (6.7 per cent mortality rate) in those patients in whom the diagnosis was established early and in whom a full course of antifungal therapy could be given. In contrast, the mortality rate in patients who received no antifungal therapy or less than 1 g of amphotericin B was 100 per cent.
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PMID:Histoplasmosis in immunosuppressed patients. 35 45

Combined application of morphologic, immunochemical, and immunologic methods has led to a reinterpretation of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and to the establishment of the Kiel classification. In the present paper, the main Ig-producing entities are considered. These are: 1. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia of the B-type (B-CLL)--a proliferation of lymphocytes and a few so-called prolymphocytes and lymphoblasts. The mean tissue IgM value is slightly increased; the serum IgM level is normal or reduced. The tumor cells bear SIg, and a majority of them have a receptor for C3d but always lack CIg and are usually devoid of receptors for C3b. 2. Lymphoplasmacytoid immunocytoma--a mixed proliferation of lymphocytes and centrocytes, blast cells, plasma cells, or plasmacytoid cells. The tissue Ig content is most often (91%) and most highly increased in this group, whereas the serum Ig level is increased in only 20% of the cases. The tissue IgM of 17 cases was shown to be monoclonal by IEF. Most tumor cells have SIg and a variable numbear CIg. The tumor cells bear both complement receptor subtypes, only a receptor for C3b, or no complement receptors at all. 3. Centroblastic/centrocytic lymphoma--usually a follicular proliferation of abundant small germinal center cells (centrocytes) and some large germinal center cells (centroblasts). The tumor cells bear SIg and both complement receptor subtypes. The C3b- and C3d-positive cells are located in the follicles, as in nonneoplastic lymphatic tissue. 4. Centrocytic lymphoma--a purebred, diffuse proliferation of the small germinal center cells (centrocytes). These cells bear SIg and receptors for C3b and C3d but usually lack CIg. 5. Centroblastic lymphoma--a proliferation of the large germinal center cells (centroblasts). 6. Lymphoblastic lymphoma of Burkitt's type. 7. Immunoblastic lymphoma--a diffuse proliferation of large basophillic cells resembling immunoblasts. The tissue IgM content is increased in 60% of the cases. It proved to be monoclonal with IEF in all five cases studied. The cells of five cases with increased tissue Ig content bore SIg. Nearly half of the cases studied showed CIg. Besides non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, paraffin sections of 87 biopsies from Hodgkin's disease were investigated for CIg in Hodgkin's and Sternberg-Reed cells. These cells stained positively in 68 cases, most often for IgG, followed by IgD. In five cases of the lymphocyte-depleted type, the staining of the Hodgkin's and Sternberg-Reed cells was restricted to one light chain type.
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PMID:Demonstration of immunoglobulin production by tumor cells in non-Hodgkin's and Hodgkin's malignant lymphomas and its significance for their classification. 36 94

Of 2907 bone marrow aspirations in patients with various malignancies, 192 or 6.6% exhibited 'dry tap'. In about 80% of the 'dry tap' there was material present inside the bone marrow needle which gave smears useful for evaluation of the bone marrow cytology. About 23% displayed normal cytology. Bone marrow involvement could be diagnosed in 13 out of 55 'dry tap' in Hodgkin's disease, 41 out of 46 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and lymphosarcoma, 6 out of 20 in reticulum cell sarcoma, 6 out of 9 in myelomatosis and 20 out of 45 in carcinoma. In a material of 174 aspirations with tumour cells in the bone marrow aspirate, the highest incidence of 'dry tap' was found in patients with Hodgkin's disease and patients with carcinoma, the lowest incidence in patients with multiple myeloma.
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PMID:Incidence of 'dry tap' on bone marrow aspirations in lymphomas and carcinomas. Diagnostic value of the small material in the needle. 38 44

The development of either histiocytic lymphoma or Hodgkin disease in association with pre-existing chronic lymphocytic leukemia has been described in the literature as a terminal event. We describe two patients in whom the diagnosis of a second malignant lymphoma was made during life and who achieved objective clinical response after a change in therapy to a more aggressive combination of drugs. We conclude that patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who have had a sudden change in their clinical course should have thorough reevaluation, looking specifically for the development of a second lymphoproliferative disorder. If this is discovered, more aggressive therapy should be initiated.
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PMID:Chronic lymphocytic leukemia in association with a second lymphoproliferative disorder: response to chemotherapy in two cases. 38 74


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