Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Although dramatic progress has been made in the treatment of advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, a majority of patients eventually die from this disease. Improvements in histopathology, staging techniques, immunophenotyping, and knowledge of prognostic factors have improved our ability to choose appropriate treatment. Most low-grade lymphomas can be effectively palliated for many years, but eventually convert to large-cell lymphomas or become resistant to chemotherapy. Intermediate-grade lymphomas, especially diffuse large-cell lymphomas, may be cured in 30% to 60% of the cases with aggressive combination chemotherapy. The high-grade lymphomas require treatment similar to regimens designed to treat acute lymphocytic leukemia, including central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis. Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas are becoming more common in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and may be effectively controlled before the immunodeficiency becomes too severe. All patients with high-grade lymphoma and others at high risk should be tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Patients who relapse may be salvaged with chemotherapy, and their diseases are potentially curable with autologous or allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. New treatments using monoclonal antibodies, biological response modifiers, and growth factors, should improve palliation and survival.
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PMID:Treatment of advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in adults. 184 59

The course of disease in 119 HIV-infected patients (117 men, 2 women; median age 38.5 years) with malignant tumours other than Kaposi's sarcoma was analyzed in a multi-centre retrospective study. This was conducted to obtain initial information concerning the incidence, clinical features and results of therapy in HIV-associated neoplasms, especially malignant lymphomas. The most frequent tumour was malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (98 patients, 82.5%), seven patients had Hodgkin's disease, five had solid tumours, four a polyclonal lymphoproliferative syndrome, three an acute lymphocytic leukaemia, and two had other lymphoproliferative diseases. 58% of the non-Hodgkin's lymphomas occurred in patients with marked immunodeficiency, 85% were high grade malignancies and 47% had primary extranodal disease. 56% of primary nodal lymphomas also had visceral spread (Stage IV). Lymphoblastic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was more common in patients with favourable immunological status, presented less frequently with primary extranodal disease, was diagnosed earlier than other non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, and appeared to carry a better prognosis. 78 out of the 98 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma had been treated, 66 with cytotoxics. The median survival time was 6 months. Longer remission periods, of at least 12 months, were seen in ten of the 78 patients (13%). Despite the overall poor prognosis and the pre-existing immune defect, palliative (chemo-)therapeutic measures are both justified and promising, and may also result in life-prolonging remissions.
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PMID:[Malignant lymphoma associated with HIV infection]. 187 22

In this study we have investigated 313 bone marrow biopsies from 280 patients with lymphoproliferative disorders. Trephines were sectioned transversely to obtain one cylinder for cryostat sectioning and immunostaining and a second for histomorphological evaluation using a plastic-embedding technique. The results obtained by histomorphological and immunohistological evaluation were compared for their contribution to staging and classification. Using both techniques, bone marrow involvement was seen in 3/43 (7.0%) biopsies from patients with Hodgkin's disease and in 193/270 (71.5%) cases with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, including multiple myeloma and acute lymphocytic leukaemia. Immunohistology proved superior in detecting minimal mainly interstitial bone marrow infiltration in 15 leukaemia/lymphoma cases. Biopsies showing infiltration with both methods (n = 157) were re-examined for classification of lymphomatous infiltrates. Whereas immunohistology did not provide additional information in cases with Hodgkin's disease and myeloma, this method was crucial for establishing the definitive diagnosis in a number of cases with acute lymphocytic leukaemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. In all of six leukaemia cases, in which no or inadequate material was available for immunophenotyping of cell suspensions, immunohistology clearly defined the subtype. In the 140 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma the majority of cases (76.4%) were identically classified. In some cases, with important prognostic and therapeutic implications, immunohistology alone provided the definitive diagnosis: T-cell lymphoma (n = 2), hairy cell leukaemia (n = 2) and centrocytic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (n = 3). Bone marrow immunohistology is, therefore, an important supplement for classical lymphoma/leukaemia diagnosis. The differences observed between histomorphology and immunohistology emphasize the importance of lymph node biopsy in lymphoma classification.
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PMID:Bone marrow diagnosis in lymphoproliferative disorders: comparison of results obtained from conventional histomorphology and immunohistology. 187 9

Many kinds of microorganisms can produce toxic septicemia in immunocompromised hosts. We are reporting alpha-hemolytic streptococcal septicemia and meningitis in two children with hematological malignancies. [Case 1] 6 year old girl who had been suffering from acute lymphocytic leukemia. She had sepsis and bacterial meningitis in maintenance-therapy for leukemia. Streptococcus sanguis was isolated from the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). [Case 2] 11 year old girl who had had malignant lymphoma (non-Hodgkin type). She also had sepsis and bacterial meningitis due to Streptococcus mitis which was isolated from blood and CSF in maintenance-therapy. Both cases had been treated with anti-cancer drugs and had severe granulocytopenia. Positive rate of blood cultures during the recent 6 years (1984.1-1989.12) at our department was 6.0% (total number of cultures were 2,019, positive cultures were 121). Strains of 131 bacteria were determined; Gram-positive cocci were 70 strains (53.4%) and Gram-negative rods were 52 strains (39.7%). Fifteen strains (11.5%) of alpha-hemolytic Streptococci were isolated during 6 years. One hundred thirteen cases of septicemia were analysed in medical charts and 12 cases of alpha-hemolytic streptococcal septicemia were observed (5 cases with infective endocarditis and 7 cases in immunocompromised states).
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PMID:[Alpha-hemolytic streptococcal septicemia and meningitis in immunocompromised children]. 191 21

A case is presented of a female patient initially diagnosed of acute lymphoblastic leukemia who was treated achieving complete remission. Twenty six months later and while in remission of her leukemia, she presented an abdominal mass the histological study of which showed infiltration due to Hodgkin disease. She was treated with chemotherapy type MOPP and complete remission was achieved. Four months after completing treatment she presented pancytopenia in peripheral blood. A bone marrow study was performed observing a blastoid infiltration with morphological and cytochemical characteristics of acute non-lymphoblastic M-5 leukemia. The possible common origin of the three clinical pictures is discussed given the recent findings regarding the origin of Reed-Sternberg cell.
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PMID:[The successive presence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease and acute myeloblastic leukemia in a female patient]. 192 21

Thirty patients with refractory lymphoid malignancies [multiple myeloma (MM): 8, plasma cell leukemia (PCL): 2, acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL): 5, chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis: 1, chronic lymphocytic leukemia in blast crisis: 1, adult T-cell leukemia: 1, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL): 9, Hodgkin's disease (HD): 3] were treated with VAD regimen (vincristine, doxorubicin, dexamethasone). Of 28 evaluable patients, 4 patients achieved complete response or remission [MM1, ALL1, NHL1, HD1], 10 attained partial response or remission [MM5, PCL1, NHL3, HD1], and 2 patients with MM attained minor response. The remission duration ranged from 1 month to over 14 months. The response rate was high in patients with MM (75%) and lymphoma (60%), however 4 patients with T-cell malignancies achieved no response except one with NHL. In three patients who showed resistance to VAD, diltiazem was administered in addition to VAD and one patient with MM had response. Atrio-ventricular block was also observed in one patient during the period of diltiazem administration. Nine patients developed documented infections, 5 of which suffered from candida infections. From these observations, we concluded that VAD regimen might be useful as a salvage therapy especially in patients with MM and lymphoma.
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PMID:[The efficacy of VAD chemotherapy for refractory lymphoid malignancies]. 194 21

To determine the risk and pertinent features of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) as a second malignancy, medical records were searched of 5484 consecutive children treated for various malignancies at a single institution during a 27 year period. Of these, three have developed secondary NHL. The probability of secondary NHL in this cohort at 5 and 10 years after the diagnosis of the first malignancy was 0.05% (95% confidence interval, 0.01%, 0.2%) and at 15 years 0.16% (0.04%, 0.63%). With 30710 person-years observed, the risk in this cohort was 9.8 per 100,000 person-years. A literature search disclosed variously detailed descriptions of 21 cases of secondary NHL in patients whose primary malignancy had been diagnosed when they were less than 20 years old. Of 18 cases with documented secondary NHL histology, the most common subtypes were large cell (n = 7) and small non-cleaved cell (n = 6); mixed histology was found in three and lymphoblastic in two cases. Twenty-three of 24 children with secondary NHL had initial lymphohematopoietic neoplasms: Hodgkin's disease (n = 18), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n = 4) and acute myelogenous leukemia (n = 1); the remaining child had astrocytoma. Of 18 patients (including three cases from this institution) with known outcome, only four were reported to be alive at 5+, 6+, 12+ and 96+ months, respectively. Secondary NHL occurs most often after therapy for Hodgkin's disease and confers a dismal prognosis.
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PMID:Secondary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma after treatment for childhood cancer. 196 Oct 25

A retrospective study was done of the incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in children in the Netherlands in the period 1973-85 in relation to that of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Complete ascertainment of cases was most likely achieved through the network of cooperating pediatricians of the Dutch Childhood Leukemia Study Group (DCLSG). The incidence of NHL remained constant at 0.75 per 10(5) children per year; the boy/girl ratio was 2.5. In +/- 25% of cases the disease was localized at diagnosis. Of children with NHL who were not listed in the DCLSG leukemia register, 19% had greater than or equal to 25% lymphoblasts in the bone marrow at diagnosis, representing an overlap with ALL of +/- 5%. In 1% of the children with NHL an immuno-deficiency disorder preceded the diagnosis. The incidence of Hodgkin's disease (HD) was 0.3 per 10(5) children per year, with some fluctuation over time, the peak being 0.7 in 1983. The boy/girl ratio was 2.7. Age-specific incidence rates, clinical features of NHL and HD, as well as the ALL to NHL ratio corresponded with those in other European countries and for white children in the USA.
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PMID:Malignant lymphomas in children in The Netherlands in the period 1973-1985: incidence in relation to leukemia: a report from the Dutch Childhood Leukemia Study Group. 202 65

Malignant lymphoma may involve the mediastinum as a component of disseminated disease or as a primary lesion. The most common types of primary mediastinal lymphomas (ML) are Hodgkin's disease (HD, usually of the nodular sclerosis type), large cell lymphoma (often associated with sclerosis), and lymphoblastic lymphoma (frequently seen in conjunction with acute lymphoblastic leukemia). The characteristic clinical, morphologic, and immunophenotypic features of these three neoplasms are reviewed. ML must be distinguished from Castleman's disease, an enigmatic lymphoid proliferation that frequently involves the mediastinum.
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PMID:Mediastinal lymphoma. 204 14

Autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) has developed considerably in the past 15 years and is now a routine procedure for the consolidation of acute leukemias, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and Hodgkin's disease. In addition, ABMT has been tested in multiple myeloma (MM) and even considered in highly selected cases of chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). Interest has resulted from the discovery of new purging procedures such as long-term cultures with or without serum-free media containing various lymphokines, the evaluation of cryoinjury on malignant cells, the increased detection of minimal residual disease using PCR, and the acceleration of hemopoietic recovery post-ABMT through the use of peripheral blood stem cells and/or lymphokines. Results presented include data from the international (ABMTR) and European (EBMT) registries, and our own unit in Paris. With respect to acute leukemias, (a) the EBMT listed 1,688 patients. The overall results were as follows: for patients autografted in complete remission (CR) 1, the leukemia-free survival and relapse rate at 7 years were 48 +/- 2% and 41 +/- 3% for AML and 44 +/- 5% and 45 +/- 5% in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), respectively. In CR2, the figures were 34 +/- 4% and 54 +/- 5% for AML and 32 +/- 3% and 62 +/- 4% for ALL, respectively. Patients not relapsing at 1 year post-ABMT had a probability of being cured at 7 years of 86 and 71% if autografted in CR1 and CR2 for AML and 81 and 59% for ALL, respectively. Multivariate analysis of relapse rates in several subpopulations confirmed the efficacy of marrow purging in AML CR1: in patients transplanted prior to January 1988 (minimum follow-up of 2 years), the relapse rate with purged marrow was 35 +/- 5% vs. 47 +/- 3% (p less than 0.005). (b) In Paris, St-Antoine, using TBI and marrow purged with mafosfamide at levels individually adjusted (Blood 1986;67:1367), the probability of remission and DFS were 84 and 62% in AML CR1 63 and 59% in ALL CR1, respectively. There was a statistically significant relationship between the relapse rate and the residual amount of CFUGM progenitors in the marrow after purging. The cutoff point was 0.3%, with a relapse rate of 54% in those receiving marrow containing the higher residual CFUGM fractions and only 29% in those receiving less. With respect to non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, the EBMT listed 698 patients. In intermediate or high grade lymphomas, the DFS at 6 years was 30% and 18% in sensitive and resistant relapses, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Autologous bone marrow transplantation in hematological malignancies. 204 65


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