Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The levels of serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and, when appropriate, alkaline phosphatase (AP) and 5'-nucleotidase (NTD) have been measured as a routine in 276 patients with malignant haematological diseases during a 26-month trial period. GGT levels add no prognostic information to the routine haematological surveillance of leukaemia. Polychemotherapy does not appear to be an inducer of liver drug-metabolising microsomal enzymes. Polycythaemia rubra vera, myelofibrosis and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia may cause little change in GGT, AP and NTD levels despite marked hepatomegaly. A raised GGT in Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin lymphoma is generally associated with active and widespread disease, but not necessarily a sign of malignant tissue in the liver. The elevations of GGT in myeloma may be secondary to liver infiltration though this group merits further detailed study.
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PMID:Evaluation of the usefulness of serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels in the management of haematological neoplasia. 2 19

Patients with either leukemia or lymphoma were asked if they had close personal associations with other patients before the onset of disease. Iinitial interviews indicated that several patients could be interlinked into social clusters. Tumour-registry records were used to contact each patient (or a surviving relative) diagnosed during the years 1964-73 in three areas of West Virginia. Close personal associations, antedating the onset of disease in 1 or both individuals of each linkage pair, were detected in 14 of 23 (61%), 14 of 22 (68%), and 6 of 8 (75%) patients from these three areas during this ten-year period. In addition, among 28 randomly selected patients with Hodgkin's disease from various parts of the United States, 10 (36%) had direct or indirect close personal associations with 17 other patients with leukemia or lymphoma. Patients with leukemia or lymphoma frequently are interlinked by prior close personal associations to other patients with these diseases.
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PMID:Leukaemia and lymphoma patients interlinked by prior social contact. 4 48

DNA-RNA hybridization was used to explore whether human neoplasias contain RNA molecules having sequence homologies to those of the RNA tumor viruses known to cause similar diseases in animals. The pattern of specific RNAs found in the human tumors showed a remarkable concordance with the predictions deducible from the animal systems. Thus human breast cancer contains RNA homologous only to that of the murine mammary tumor virus (MMTV). Human leukemias, sarcomas, and lymphomas (including Hodgkin's and Burkitt's) all contain RNA with sequence homology to the murine leukemia virus (RLV) and not to MMTV RNA. Finally, as in the case of the mouse, none of the human tumors examined contain RNA related in sequence to that of the avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV). The RNA detected in all of the human neoplasias was demonstrated to be of high molecular weight (1 times 10(7) daltons) and encapsulated with a reverse transcriptase in particles having densities between 1.16-1.19 g/ml. Further, the RNA of these human tumor particles was related in sequence to the murine viruses that cause the corresponding neoplasias in mice. Thus, 4 features diagnostic for the murine oncogenic viruses are satisfied by the particles found in the human cancers. Finally, it was shown by "recycling" experiments that the DNA from human leukemic cells and from lymphomatous tissue contained particle-related sequences that could not be detected in normal DNA. This finding was further substantiated by studies with identical twins in which it was shown that the leukemic twin contained particle-related sequences that could not be detected in the leukocytes of his identical healthy sibling. These findings are inconsistent with hypotheses that require chromosomal transmission in the germ line of complete copies of the information required to produce malignancy and the associated virus particles.
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PMID:Sequences related to the RNA tumor viruses in the RNA and DNA of human leukemias and lymphomas. 5 26

Antiserum was generated in rabbits to the RPMI 8226 tissue culture line of human myeloma cells, and its reactions with fixed smears of bone marrow aspirates from patients with multiple myeloma, macroglobulinemia, benign monoclonal gammopathy (BMG), leukemia, and nonneoplastic plasmacyosis was assessed by indirect immunofluorescence. After absorption with preparations of bone marrow from normal individuals, the antiserum reacted to a significantly higher titer with a specific subpopulation of plasma cells in smears from 81% of patients having multiple myeloma and 50% of patients having BMG than with cells in smears of bone marrow aspirates from normal individuals or patients having leukemia or nonneoplastic plasmacytosis, or than with cells in smears of peripheral blood from patients having Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Absorption of the antiserum with RPMI 8226 cells or with a bone marrow preparation from a patient with multiple myeloma but not the Jijoye line of Burkitt's lymphoma reduced reactivity for cells in myeloma bone marrow. The antiserum reacted at a lower titer with the Jijoye and EB-3 lines of Burkitt's lymphoma, the RPMI 4098 cell line of normal human lymphocytes, and culture lines of human melanoma and osteogenic sarcoma than with the RPMI 8226 cells or bone marrow from certain patients having multiple myeloma. Approximately 50% of the cells reactive with antiserum to RPMI 8226 cells in the bone marrow of patients with multiple myeloma were not producing immunoglobulin, as assessed by double immunofluorescence assay. The data suggested that a subpopulation of plasma cells in the bone marrow of patients with multiple myeloma possesses a tumor-associated antigen.
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PMID:Tumor-associated antigens in human myeloma. 5 51

A modified electrophoretic mobility (EM) test was performed in 150 children to examine their lymphocyte sensitization to myelin basic protein (encephalitogenic factor). Measurements in the cytopherometer were facilitated by using devitalized sheep erythrocytes as indicator particles instead of macrophages. A significant decrease in EM was found in 29/30 children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and in 67/75 children with solid tumours, thus giving a false negative rate in malignant disease of 9/105=8-6%, as compared to 6 false positives among 45 children with non-malignant disorders; 5 of the later "false/positive" 6 patients had autoimmune disease. Results of the EM test in the children with leukaemia were compared with those in 9 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and 2 with Hodgkin's disease at different stages, but no striking change was seen between different diseases, or after cessation of long-term immunosuppressive chemotherapy. Percentage of "slowing" ranged from 4 to 30%. These results indicate that patients with lymphoid malignancies still have lymphocytes which had been sensitized by a common antigen of the malignant cell clone at the beginning of the disease. The EM test, furthermore, could serve as an additional diagnostic aid in differentiating benign from malignant masses in the abdomen, extremities or intracranial disease.
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PMID:Lymphocyte sensitization in childhood solid tumours and lymphoblastic leukaemia, measured by electrophoretic mobility test. 6 84

Similarities have been observed for some time between oncornavirus-induced malignancies in laboratory animals and leukemias and solid tumors in man. Particles similar to type C oncornaviruses have been detected by electron microscopy both in cells or plasma from leukemia patients and in solid-tumor human malignancies such as Hodgkin's lymphoma, lymphosarcomas, and sarcomas. Likewise, particles resembling type B oncornaviruses in shape and appearance have been found in human breast cancer. In neither case has the infectious nature of the particles been confirmed. However, DNA synthesized in vitro by the enzyme of murine mammary tumor virus was found to hybridize with polysomal RNA obtained from human mammary adenocarcinomas. The presence of RNA complementary to RNA from the Rauscher strain of murine leukemia virus has been observed in other human malignancies unrelated to breast cancer. It has also been found that cells of patients with myelogenous leukemia possess an oncornaviral-type reverse transcriptase that is distinguishable from other cell DNA polymerases and serologically related to the reverse transcriptase of primate oncornaviruses.
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PMID:Human studies following animal models of tumorigenesis by oncornaviruses. 7 Nov 81

Human ribonucleases were purified from the sera of Hodgkin's disease patients by sequential column chromatography. The purified enzyme interacted with reverse transcriptase of Rauscher leukemia virus and formed an additive complex of Mr = 130,000. RNase and oligo(dG)-directed reverse transcriptase activities were diminished in the complex. The complex could be dissociated with the subsequent restoration of both activities in the presence of spermidine. The molecular weight of the complex suggest that the 2 RNase molecules bind to a single reverse transcriptase molecule.
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PMID:Complexing Rauscher leukemia virus reverse transcriptase with human plasma ribonuclease from Hodgkin's disease patients. 7 69

Three patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia are reported in whom Hodgkin's disease developed during chemotherapy-maintained remission. This association has been reported only once before. The pathogenesis of the Hodgkin's disease in these patients is discussed, including the possible role of anti-leukaemic therapy.
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PMID:Hodgkin's disease occurring during acute leukaemia in remission. 7 42

An increase in the serum copper (Cu++) level has been described as a sensitive index of disease activity in several hematologic and nonhematologic malignancies. In order to explore the diagnostic value of Cu++ compared to other hematochemical parameters frequently abnormal in malignancies, Cu++, serum alpha2 globulin (alpha2), plasmatic fibrinogen (Fibr), the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and serum iron (Fe++) have been detected and evaluated in 267 patients affected with the following diseases: Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas (NHL), Acute Leukemias (AL), Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), Myeloma (MM), and Breast Cancer (BC). The best correlation between Cu++ increase and disease activity has been found in HL, NHL, AL, and BC. In these diseases, when the considered parameters were compared, Cu++ and ESR showed a similar pattern, i.e., a high frequency of abnormalities in active disease. It is concluded that Cu++ represents a good complement to some other aspecific parameters in evaluating the activity and diffusion of neoplasias and the therapeutic results, particularly in HL, NHL, AL and BC.
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PMID:The diagnostic value of serum copper levels and other hematochemical parameters in malignancies. 7 79

Judging from the spontaneous NBT reduction, the indices of phagocytosis and NBT, there is a moderate, but statistically significant diminution of these parameters in leukaemia and malignant lymphoma including plasmocytoma. Moreover, further diminutions could be identified during the acute stage of the disease (first diagnosis or recidive) in acute leukaemia and lymphogranulomatosis, but not for chronic myeloic leukaemia.
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PMID:[Phagocytic granulocyte function in hemoblastoses]. 7 20


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