Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is involved in numerous lymphoproliferative diseases. In addition to classical lesions such as endemic Burkitt's lymphoma and infectious mononucleosis, there are other disorders of the lymphoid system that are discussed in relation to EBV: B-cell lymphomas in immunosuppressed individuals. Hodgkin's disease and, to some extent, primary extranodal lymphomas. Studies of the EBV expression in classical and nonclassical lesions could lead to the better understanding of different EBV mechanisms in lymphomagenesis.
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PMID:Induction and progression of human lymphoproliferative lesions by Epstein-Barr virus. 217 77

We designed synthetic oligonucleotide primers and hybridization probe for use in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and hybridization detection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nucleic acid sequences. Primer sequences were chosen from the coding region for the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1). PCR amplification and hybridization with these oligonucleotides was carried out on standard laboratory cell lines including African Burkitt's lymphoma and infectious mononucleosis derived cell lines, as well as cell lines recently established from clinical EBV isolates from bone marrow transplant recipients. All EBV cell lines tested were positive. No false-positives were detected with uninfected cell lines, human placental DNA or with other viruses. The sensitivity of the detection procedure was such that four copies of the EBV genome could consistently be detected in a background of 1 microgram of placental DNA. EBV was detected in DNA extracts from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of two patients with infectious mononucleosis and one patient with viral-associated hemophagocytic syndrome. Three of 18 EBV seropositive patients without known ongoing EBV-associated illness undergoing ambulatory surgery also had EBV detected in DNA extracts from their peripheral blood mononuclear cells. EBV was detected in DNA extracts from lymphoma tissue from two patients with post-transplant lymphomas and two AIDS patients with primary CNS lymphomas. EBV was not detected in 12 B-cell lymphoma specimens from patients without history of immunocompromise. DNA extracts from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded Hodgkin's tissues previously shown to be EBV positive by Southern blot were also demonstrated to be EBV positive by PCR. Thus, with the oligonucleotides described, PCR is applicable to the detection of EBV in a spectrum of clinical isolates. The broad specificity of these oligonucleotides for all strains of EBV tested is probably a function of the highly conserved sequence of the EBNA-1 DNA binding domain.
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PMID:Oligonucleotides for polymerase chain reaction amplification and hybridization detection of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in clinical specimens. 217 46

The hypothesis that an infection plays a role in the etiology of Hodgkin's disease (HD) is suggested by both its clinical and histologic features. Its bimodal age-incidence pattern also suggests an infectious process among younger persons. In economically advantaged populations, the first peak occurs among young adults, while in disadvantaged populations, it occurs among children at a much lower frequency. It appears that the age distribution of HD shadows that of susceptibility to common childhood infections, such as the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV); furthermore, that risk of HD is increased among those susceptible to a relatively late infection, in parallel with infectious mononucleosis (IM), and it has been found that people who have had IM have about three times the expected rate of HD. Serologically, there is a consistent association between EBV and HD. As a group, patients have an altered antibody pattern against EBV which suggests chronic reactivation, both following and preceding diagnosis. This altered pattern is common to all age groups. Severity of infection may alter host control among younger people, while diminished cellular immunity with aging may allow similar reactivation among older persons. Whether the EBV plays a direct role or simply reflects the action of a more primary factor is unknown.
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PMID:Epidemiologic studies assessing the role of the Epstein-Barr virus in Hodgkin's disease. 282 3

Two cases of what is apparently Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated atypical lymphoproliferation which clinically suggested malignant lymphoma are discussed. Immunohistology revealed polyclonal T- and B-cell proliferation resembling progressive infectious mononucleosis. Giant cell formation and marked plasmacytosis was suggestive of Hodgkin's disease. EBV serology was initially not diagnostic, but during the course of the disease, elevated titers against early antigens and EBV-associated nuclear antigen suggested virus replication. EBV DNA was demonstrated in lymphoid cells of both cases by in situ hybridization. One case progressed to overt monoclonal B-cell malignant lymphoma. Atypical polyclonal lymphoproliferation in persistent active EBV infection may thus be considered a prelymphomatous condition.
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PMID:Persistent active Epstein-Barr virus infection and atypical lymphoproliferation. Report of two cases. 282 51

Hepatic fibrin-ring granulomas were the main histological finding in the liver of a 38-year-old man with Epstein-Barr virus primary infection. The patient presented with fever, hepatomegaly, icterus, abnormal liver tests, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and mononucleosis syndrome. There was neither enanthema nor lymphadenopathy or splenomegaly. Serologic tests disclosed an Epstein-Barr primary infection profile: anti-viral capsid antigen IgM antibodies and anti-early antigen antibodies were present, whereas anti-Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen antibodies were absent. There was no evidence for Q fever, Hodgkin's disease, or allopurinol-induced hepatitis, which are recognized causes of hepatic fibrin-ring granulomas. It is suggested that Epstein-Barr virus infection might be an additional cause of these peculiar hepatic granulomas.
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PMID:Epstein-Barr virus infection and hepatic fibrin-ring granulomas. 283 98

Oligoclonal paraproteinaemia occurred in two patients with malignant lymphocytic disease (highly malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma, B-cell type of acute lymphocytic leukaemia), in one case during a cytomegalovirus infection and in the other during an infectious mononucleosis. At that time both patients were in complete remission. Paraproteinaemia in the first case disappeared within a year where the transformation from an initially four-banded paraproteinaemia (2 IgM-lambda and 2 IgG-lambda) into a three-banded paraproteinaemia (IgG-lambda) could be observed. In the second patient the concentration of the paraprotein decreased considerably. Because both patients were no longer under cytostatic treatment after manifestation of the paraproteinaemia, and were in complete remission during the whole of the observation period (4 years and 1 year), a direct relationship with the primary disease is unlikely. The transitory paraproteinaemia appears to be rather the result of an acquired defect of the immune system.
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PMID:[Transitory oligoclonal paraproteinemia with virus infection and malignant lymphatic disease]. 298 34

Antibody titers to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated early antigens (EA) and the viral capsid antigen (VCA) were determined by ELISA on 263 sera obtained from healthy donors, patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD), non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), infectious mononucleosis (IM), Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). As expected, most lymphoma patients showed markedly elevated anti-VCA IgG and anti-EA IgG antibody titers. Only one patient in the NHL group (n = 56) consisting of patients with lymphomas other than chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and hairy-cell leukemia (HCL), and 3 patients with HCL (n = 19) had high antibody titers of the IgA class to VCA and EA. Seventeen out of 48 patients (36%) with CLL had high IgA anti-VCA titers and 10 of these sera (21%) also contained IgA anti-EA. The geometric mean titer (GMT) of IgA anti-VCA was 2,510, the GMT of IgA anti-EA was 780. These antibody titers were about 10 times lower than the corresponding GMT of the NPC patients investigated in this study. The elevated IgG and IgA antibody titers to VCA and EA in CLL and HCL patients seem to reflect an immunodeficiency secondary to the malignant disease leading to reactivation of latent EBV infection. The possibility that at least some of these B-cell lymphomas are associated with EBV cannot be excluded.
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PMID:Increased incidence of IgA antibodies to the Epstein-Barr virus-associated viral capsid antigen and early antigens in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 301 85

Specific antibody responses against the 2 major subcomponents of EBNA, EBNA1 and EBNA2 were evaluated, in order to study whether this serological study was beneficial compared to classical EBV serology. During this investigation, 491 sera, obtained from blood donors and patients with Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), infectious mononucleosis (IM), Hodgkin's disease, renal transplantation, rheumatoid arthritis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, were tested. While the anti-EBNA1 response followed the classical anti-EBNA/Raji response (99% of anti-EBNA/Raji-positive sera also recognize EBNA1), the anti-EBNA2 response was much less frequent and did not correlate with either anti-EBNA/Raji or anti-EA antibodies. In a control population, 8% of individuals had antiEBNA2 antibodies at titers greater than or equal to 10. The percentage was 45% in NPC and 38% in EBV-associated BL; thus, although not detected in all patients with EBV-associated tumors, anti-EBNA2 serology might be a useful marker in BL and NPC. No antibody was detected in the early course of IM, but in rheumatoid arthritis and in HIV-infected patients, the percentage of positive individuals reached 54 and 68, respectively. Seroconversion to EBNA2 was noted in a few cases, including renal transplant recipients, AIDS patients, and complicated IM. This suggests that in these situations, EBNA 2 serology might represent a useful marker related to modulation of the immune status or EBV reactivation.
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PMID:Antibody response against the Epstein-Barr virus-coded nuclear antigen2 (EBNA2) in different groups of individuals. 304 May 99

The lymphoid tissues from patients with infectious mononucleosis or, less frequently, with other reactive conditions may contain Reed-Sternberg (RS)-like cells. These tissues also contain cells resembling the lacunar cells or lymphocytic/histiocytic (L/H) variants, which are present in the lymphocyte-predominant type of Hodgkin's disease. The phenotype of these RS- and L/H-like cells was determined with a large panel of antibodies and lectins. The cells expressed sialylated Leu-M1, Con A, LN-2, and, less frequently, interleukin-1, S-100, and peanut agglutinin receptor. They reacted negatively with two markers for RS cells, Ki-1 and HeFi-1. These RS-like cells were consistently negative for T- and B-cell markers, including immunoglobulins. The markers of the RS-like cells are distinctly different from those in B-immunoblasts, but closely resemble those in interdigitating reticulum cells. It is concluded that interdigitating reticulum cells, when stimulated, can be transformed into lacunar-, L/H-, or RS-like cells.
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PMID:The H-RS-like cells in infectious mononucleosis are transformed interdigitating reticulum cells. 310 95

In infectious mononucleosis (IM), the involved lymphatic tissue may contain large blasts which are generally referred to as Hodgkin cell-like cells when mononuclear and as Sternberg-Reed cell-like cells when multinuclear. The resemblance of these reactive cells to true Hodgkin and Sternberg-Reed cells constitutes a major differential diagnostic problem. In this paper, we report a study of 20 cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD); five of nodular sclerosis and 15 of mixed cellularity type) and of 20 clinically and serologically confirmed cases of IM with the aim of developing immunohistologic criteria for their reliable differentiation. Routinely processed paraffin sections were subjected to the immunoperoxidase reaction using the monoclonal antibodies Leu-M1 (anti-CD15) and Ki-B3. The subcellular distribution of the immunoreactivity to Ki-B3 was controlled at the electron microscopic level. In all cases of HD, many Hodgkin and Sternberg-Reed cells were found to be positive for Leu-M1, whereas the same cells were invariably negative for Ki-B3. By contrast, cells similar to Hodgkin and Sternberg-Reed cells in IM were consistently negative for Leu-M1. The majority of these cells reacted positively for Ki-B3. The results imply that immunohistochemical application of these two antibodies facilitates a clear-cut discrimination of true Hodgkin and Sternberg-Reed cells from similar cells of IM.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies Ki-B3 and Leu-M1 discriminate giant cells of infectious mononucleosis and of Hodgkin's disease. 316 25


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