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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Over the last 4 years, we observed 122 patients with AIDS and 20 with AIDS-related lymphomas (ARL) in the chest. Eighteen of the latter were non-Hodgkin's forms, mostly high-grade and high-stage B-cell (Burkitt or Burkitt-like) types (16 cases.) This prevalence reflects the overall increase in neoplasms secondary to immunodepression, which is parallel to improved prevention and control of opportunistic infections. Of 20 ARLs, 5 (25%) presented thoracic lesions; in 4 of them the onset of the disease was localized in the chest. The incidence of such manifestations is higher than that reported in the literature. Moreover, radiological features are quite atypical relative to the "classical" signs of lymphoma in the general population, with predominant (60%) nodules or quickly-growing peripheral masses which may subsequently invade chest walls. Isolated nodal enlargement is also a possible finding, as well as pleural effusion. This pattern, though not pathognomonic, is highly suggestive--in HIV-positive patients--of ARL. In all the patients with pulmonary lymphoma CT demonstrated bilateral lesions--more than conventional X-rays--with morphologic and densitometric features which helped make the correct diagnosis. Moreover, CT was helpful in choosing the appropriate site for biopsy.
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PMID:[Thoracic lymphoma in AIDS]. 194 61

Fourteen examples of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and four of Hodgkin's disease in patients with AIDS as well as lymph nodes exhibiting changes related to the lymphadenopathy syndrome (LAS) from 11 HIV-positive individuals were studied for the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome both by in situ DNA hybridization and blotting techniques. Both methods were performed using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded material. All the NHLs were of high malignancy and all but one were of the B-cell type. Of the four examples of Hodgkin's disease, two were lymphocytic predominant, one of mixed cellularity and one of the nodular sclerosing variety. The lymph nodes of patients with LAS were mostly stage I with marked follicular hyperplasia. In 7 of the 14 NHLs the presence of EBV-DNA was clearly demonstrated by dot-blotting and by in situ hybridization. All lymph nodes from the patients with LAS and AIDS-related Hodgkin's disease were negative for EBV by dot-blot and in situ hybridization assays. We conclude that EBV plays a role in the development of AIDS-related lymphomas, but the fact that half these lymphomas are EBV-negative suggests that other mechanisms such as polyclonal stimulation of B-cells by HIV products may also be important.
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PMID:Identification of EBV-DNA in lymph nodes from patients with lymphadenopathy and lymphomas associated with AIDS. 197 Jun 81

Six patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) and demonstrable serum antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and two additional patients with HD belonging to HIV-associated high-risk groups but with negative HIV serology were studied. All patients were men and ranged in age from 21 to 45 years. The HIV risk factors included homosexuality (6), intravenous drug abuse (2), and hemophilia A (1). All patients had high pathologically determined stage (one Stage III and seven Stage IV), and bone marrow involvement was observed in five patients with the initial diagnosis of HD based on marrow biopsy in two cases. Four cases were histologically subclassified as mixed cellularity (MC) and three as nodular sclerosis (NS); one patient underwent only bone marrow biopsy and was not subclassified. Histologically all cases were characterized by numerous Reed-Sternberg cells and variants, and with the exception of one case, all had a distinctive decrease in the proportion of reactive background lymphocytes compared with what is usually expected in MC or NS Hodgkin's disease (relative lymphocyte depletion). Flow-cytometric immunophenotypic studies done on cell suspensions from diagnostic lymph node biopsies in four cases showed decreased CD4:CD8 ratios (mean = 1.4) compared with expected values of 4 to 6. The relative lymphocyte depletion observed histologically is probably a reflection of the decreased tissue CD4:CD8 ratios, and this impairment of host immune response may be related to the observed high stage in all eight cases. Patients with high stage HD and the described histologic and immunologic features should be evaluated for the presence of HIV infection.
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PMID:Hodgkin's disease in association with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Pathologic and immunologic features. 200

Intermediate- and high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) occurring in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patient is considered diagnostic of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Other neoplasms (both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic) have also been reported in patients with HIV infection, although none except Kaposi sarcoma carries the same diagnosis of AIDS as B-cell NHL in an HIV-infected host. There have been previous reports in the literature of Hodgkin disease (HD) in HIV-infected patients. We describe our clinical and pathological experience with HD from 1984-1989, in 18 patients with documented HIV infection and also review the literature on HD in HIV-infected patients. Almost all patients described herein presented with advanced disease and mixed cellularity histology and did very poorly despite some good initial responses to therapy. By statistical analysis, we found that the patients with HIV-associated HD had a strong tendency to be outside the age range seen in non-HIV-associated HD (P less than 0.005). We also discuss the possible relationship between HIV and HD and consider whether HIV-associated HD, like B-cell NHL, is a manifestation of AIDS.
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PMID:HIV-associated Hodgkin disease: a clinical study of 18 cases and review of the literature. 201 71

Despite numerous reports suggesting an association of Hodgkin's disease (HD) with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), HD in an individual seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) still is not considered a criterion for the diagnosis of AIDS. The authors report 23 new cases of HD in individuals at risk for AIDS and review the literature. As a group, individuals at risk for AIDS who develop HD have a more aggressive form of the illness (82% with stage III or IV), have or develop AIDS-related opportunistic infections (54%), second neoplasms (10%), and /or profound cytopenias (32%), and 85 to 90% are HIV positive when tested. More than two thirds die within 1 year of the diagnosis of HD. The authors conclude that HIV infection alters the clinical course of HD, that advanced or high-grade HD in HIV-infected individuals should be considered indicative of AIDS, and all patients with HD should be tested for HIV.
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PMID:Hodgkin's disease and AIDS. Twenty-three new cases and a review of the literature. 202 98

Besides central nervous system, pulmonary and cutaneous manifestations, the gastrointestinal tract and the hepatobiliary system are major organs in AIDS. Gastrointestinal symptoms due to opportunistic infections or HIV-associated tumours are common in AIDS patients. Nevertheless, a huge variety of endoscopically diagnosed mucosal lesions may not always be correlated to microbiological findings, clinical symptoms and histological aspects. Cytomegalovirus being the most important opportunistic infection in the GI tract in symptomatic AIDS patients, is correlated with erosive and ulcerative lesions, often accompanied by complications like perforation or bleeding. HIV-associated tumours in the GI tract like Non Hodgkin-lymphoma or Kaposi sarcoma may present with atypical endoscopic findings. Diagnostic procedures should include microbiological and histological investigations of biopsies looking for opportunistic infections. Besides, typical immunological changes involving the mucosa as direct target organ of the HIV virus, are important to understand morphological and functional abnormalities in HIV-patients with GI symptoms.
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PMID:[Manifestations of AIDS in the gastrointestinal tract]. 202 6

In the period 1985-1990, 111 patients with AIDS were treated in the University Hospital Rotterdam-Dijkzigt. In 8 out of 111 patients malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma developed. The unusual and bizarre representation is highlighted by several clinical histories and a review of literature. HIV-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma is characterized by widespread extranodal disease, often at unusual sites, and high grade B-cell malignancy. The therapeutic outcome and survival in these cases has been disappointing. Prognosis is better for patients without a prior AIDS diagnosis, higher total CD4 cell counts, good performance score and absence of an extranodal site of disease. Treatment should be tailored to individual patients based upon a variety of prognostic features.
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PMID:[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma in patients with an HIV-infection]. 206 8

The incidence of lymphomas in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus has increased progressively since the beginning of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic. The present series includes 111 patients, all diagnosed and studied at one hospital in New York City. There were 108 men and three women; the average age was 39 years and male homosexuality was the predominant risk factor. The materials examined originated from 138 surgical specimens and 24 autopsies. There were 11 cases of Hodgkin's lymphoma and 100 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), a proportion strongly skewed in favor of the latter. Hodgkin's lymphoma in AIDS patients was characterized by advanced clinical stage, high histologic grade, and frequent bone marrow involvement. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in AIDS patients, in contrast to the general population, originated predominantly in extranodal locations (61 cases) versus locations in which the lymph nodes were the site of the primary tumors (39 cases). In the digestive tract, the unusual oral and anal primary locations were often noted and were possibly related to specific risk factors. There were 15 cases of NHL of the central nervous system, an incidence 14 times greater than that recorded in the general population. The majority of NHLs were of high histologic grade, Burkitt's and large cell immunoblastic, representing most of the cerebral and gastrointestinal tumors. All NHLs were of B-cell immunophenotype. Lymphadenopathies with the histologic features of human immunodeficiency virus infection, particularly of the late stage (type C), often preceded NHL. Probing for Epstein-Barr virus genome was more frequently positive in Hodgkin's lymphoma than in NHL. Immunologic evaluations showed severely depressed T cell counts and CD4 to CD8 cell ratios as well as markedly increased levels of antilymphocyte antibodies. Reflecting the background of profound immune deficiency, the AIDS-associated lymphomas were characterized by high aggressiveness, early tendency to generalization, frequent post-treatment relapse, and short periods of survival.
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PMID:Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated lymphomas: clinical, pathologic, immunologic, and viral characteristics of 111 cases. 207 Nov 12

Patients infected with the HIV virus have been reported to develop several malignant neoplasms, the most frequent of which is Kaposi's sarcoma. Although an increasing number of lymphomas, primarily non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, have been described who are HIV seropositive, few cases of Burkitt's lymphoma have been reported in patients. We report a case of an HIV-seropositive man who had paranasal sinus Burkitt's lymphoma underlying chronic maxillary sinusitis. Successful remission was achieved with chemotherapy.
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PMID:Paranasal sinus Burkitt's lymphoma in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive male. 207 10

The histopathologic changes of bone marrow during infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are described. Bone marrow biopsies from 73 patients at different stages of HIV-1 infection were studied. Indications for biopsy included peripheral blood abnormalities, suspicion of lymphoma, or search for specific pathogens. Common histopathological features, suggestive of HIV-1 infection but nonpathognomonic were hypercellularity (67%), myelodysplasia (86.1%), plasmacytosis (98.6%), lymphocytic infiltration (31.1%) and histiocytic infiltration with or without granulomata (13.7%). Increases in reticulin fibers (54.7%), and stainable iron deposits, vascular congestion and serous atrophy of fat were frequent features. Opportunistic infections and neoplastic complications were detected in 7 cases: pathogens were demonstrated in 4 cases (Mycobacterium avium intracellulare (MAI), Cryptococcus neoformans, Toxoplasma gondii and Leishmania) and lymphoma in 3 cases (1 Burkitt lymphoma and 2 Hodgkin's disease). Bone marrow hypoplasia is usually a terminal event in AIDS and may be iatrogenic.
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PMID:Bone marrow findings in HIV infection: a pathological study. 210 65


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