Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

It is well known that there are many independent and inter-related clinical and pathologic factors which influence the prognosis of patients with benign and malignant conditions. Lymphocyte level is an index of cell-mediated immunity which is important in host defense against cancer. But it is surprising that a simple test such as peripheral lymphocyte count could be correlated with clinical stages and survival results in patients with Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-lymphomatous solid tumors. Regarding the latter, lymphocyte count had prognostic values in patients with cancer of the bone, Ewing's sarcoma; breast; colon; kidney, neuroblastoma; uterine cervix, and other sites. In general, higher lymphocyte counts before therapy correlated with longer survival. Using newer immunologic techniques, T and B lymphocytes can be identified and the different subtypes of leukemia, immunodeficiency and lymphoproliferative diseases have been studied intensively. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia represents a proliferation of B cells, while the Sezary syndrome represents that of T lymphocytes. There is a qualitative and quantitative disturbance of Blymphocytes in patients with multiple myeloma. In Hodgkin's disease, there is hyperactivity of the B cells and functional defect of the T cells. Finally, the nodular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma resulted from neoplastic transformation of the B lymphocytes. In several nonmalignant autoimmune conditions, abnormality of T-cell or B-cell counts has been reported. For example, T cells were reported to be decreased in patients with ulcerative or granulomatous colitis and in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, However, it needs to be pointed out that, in 1973, Farid and associates (44) reported a significant increase in T and a proportionate reduction of B rosette in 17 patients with untreated Grave's disease and 16 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis as compared with 24 normal and eight goiter controls. In 1975, six publications later, they (143) had to announce a retraction because further studies by them and by other investigators could not repeat the earlier results. Despite variations and lack of standardization of the test systems, some consistent deviations of T-lymphocyte and B-lymphocyte counts have been reported. T lymphocytes were quantitatively decreased in patients with carcinoma of the brain, breast, head and neck, liver, lung and urologic organs and with malignant melanoma. In general, there is a marked decrease of T cells with increasing stage of disease and a return of T cells to normal level after successful therapy. Cellular immunity is depressed, often lasting for years after localized radiation therapy, whether or not the thymus is included in the treatment field...
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PMID:Peripheral lymphocyte count and suppopulations of T and B lymphocytes in benign and malignant diseases. 30 Jan 79

Radiation-related thyroid dysfunction is a common occurrence in patients with Hodgkin's disease treated with mantle field radiation. Although chemical and clinical hypothyroidism are most commonly seen, Graves' disease has also been described. We have examined the records of 437 surgically staged patients who received mantle field irradiation between April 1969 and December 1980 to ascertain the frequency of manifestations of Graves' disease. Within this group, seven patients developed hyperthyroidism accompanied by ophthalmic findings typical of those seen in Graves' disease. The actuarial risk of developing Graves' disease at 10 years following mantle irradiation for Hodgkin's disease was 3.3% in female patients and 1% in male patients in this study. The observed/expected ratios were 5.9 and 5.1 for female and male patients, respectively. This observed risk significantly exceeded that seen in the general population.
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PMID:The development of Graves' disease following radiation therapy in Hodgkin's disease. 333 51

Fifty of 66 patients whose thyroid function had previously been assessed 7-139 months after irradiation for Hodgkin's disease were re-evaluated 35 +/- 3 months later. They could be divided into three groups: those whose thyroid function had been normal in the first study (N = 26), those who had had asymptomatic impaired thyroid reserve (N = 19), and those in whom evidence of Graves' disease had developed (N = 5). The 26 patients who had been euthyroid when first studied had developed significant increases in mean thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels (basal and following thyrotrophin releasing hormone) without changes in mean free thyroxine index (FTI). In three of these patients, each studied within six years of irradiation, basal TSH had risen to hypothyroid levels. There were no significant changes in mean FTI or basal and peak TSH in 19 patients who had demonstrated impaired thyroid reserve in the first study. The cumulative incidence of impaired thyroid reserve in the total cohort is now 30/66 (45%) but only one of these 30 has developed clinical hypothyroidism. Five patients developed evidence of Graves' disease. Two patients with thyrotoxicosis and one with euthyroid Graves' disease were found in the initial study. On re-evaluation, a third patient had developed frank thyrotoxicosis and another euthyroid Graves' disease, giving a cumulative incidence of Graves' disease of 5/66 (7%). Three of these five were HLA-DR3 and three had measurable thyrotrophin binding inhibiting immunoglobulins. We conclude that impaired thyroid reserve continues to develop within six years of mantle irradiation in adults but once established appears to remain stable.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Hypothyroidism and Graves' disease after mantle irradiation: a follow up study. 346 11

In recent years we have had the occasion to observe hyperthyroidism in 6 patients with Hodgkin's disease. All patients had received Mantlefield irradiation and were disease-free when hyperthyroidism appeared. Hyperthyroidism allows three different pictures to be distinguished: 1 case report of Graves' disease without ophthalmopathy, 1 case report of Hashimoto's thyroiditis corresponding to a particular form called hashitoxicosis, and 4 case reports of atypical silent thyroiditis. Reports concerning case studies of postirradiation Graves' disease or Hashimoto's thyroiditis during Hodgkin's disease are only to be found exceptionally. Atypical silent thyroiditis was recently individualized, but no postirradiation case studies have been reported. It is suggested that these 6 cases represent a radiation-induced immune thyroid disease: physiopathology and predisposing factors are discussed.
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PMID:Hodgkin's disease and hyperthyroidism. 393 57

The number of patients achieving long-term survival following neck irradiation for Hodgkin's disease and other malignancies is increasing. Paralleling this increase in survivors is the development of late complications of the therapy itself. Eleven patients have previously been reported who developed Graves' ophthalmopathy 18 months to seven years after receiving neck radiotherapy for nonthyroidal malignancies. The seven patients who had HLA typing were all HLA-B8 negative, despite the reported association of the HLA-B8 antigen with Graves' disease. A patient who is HLA-B8 positive who developed Graves' ophthalmopathy and hyperthyroidism nine years after receiving mantle radiotherapy for Hodgkin's disease is reported. It is recommended that Graves' disease be included among the thyroid diseases that receive consideration during follow-up of patients who have received mantle radiotherapy.
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PMID:Graves' disease with ophthalmopathy following radiotherapy for Hodgkin's disease. 633 92

Thyroid function and serum thyroglobulin levels were studied in 66 subjects whose Hodgkin's disease had been previously treated by cervical, mediastinal and axillary lymph node (mantle) irradiation. Three patients were already undergoing treatment for thyroid disorders (one for primary hypothyroidism, two for Graves' disease) and a fourth was found to have euthyroid Graves' disease. 36 (Group I) of the remaining 62 patients had normal free thyroxine indices, normal basal thyrotrophin (TSH) levels and normal TSH response to thyrotrophin releasing factor (TRH). In 20 patients (Group II) free thyroxine indices were normal but either basal TSH levels were raised or normal basal TSH levels were associated with an exaggerated response to TRH. In 6 patients (Group III) free thyroxine indices were subnormal. Although results of thyroid function tests in group I lay within the normal range, the mean free thyroxine index was significantly lower and mean basal and peak TSH levels were significantly higher than those of a group of 35 normal subjects, indicating mild thyroid hypofunction. Elevated thyroglobulin levels were demonstrated in 11 irradiated subjects (18%). Mean thyroglobulin levels were significantly raised in each of the three groups of irradiated subjects. Significant positive correlations were found between log serum thyroglobulin and log basal TSH (r = 0.453, P less than 0.001) and log peak TSH (r = 0.515, P less than 0.001) levels. Mild thyroid hypofunction is common after mantle irradiation for Hodgkin's disease and raised serum thyroglobulin levels are a sensitive indicator of TSH stimulation of the damaged thyroid gland.
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PMID:Serum thyroglobulin after mantle irradiation for Hodgkin's disease. 641 92

We report the case of a patient who developed Graves' disease and a papillary thyroid cancer only 5 years after irradiation and adjuvant chemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease. This case is peculiar for the very short latency time between Hodgkin's disease treatment and thyroid cancer development, an event possibly related to Graves' disease with elevated serum levels of TSAb. We conclude that, in patients treated for Hodgkin's disease, continued follow-up by clinical examination and sonography of the thyroid is needed, especially if they develop Graves' disease.
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PMID:Early occurrence of a thyroid carcinoma in a patient who developed Graves' disease after treatment for Hodgkin's disease. 877 60

The association of Hodgkin disease with monoclonal gammopathy has rarely been reported. We present a case of a 48-year-old woman with a history of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and Graves disease who presented with hepatosplenomegaly and a gamma-heavy-chain paraprotein. Histopathology of lymph node and bone marrow revealed nodular lymphocyte-predominance Hodgkin disease, while examination of the spleen revealed plasmacytosis consistent with gamma-heavy-chain disease. Following splenectomy, the patient has remained in complete remission for both conditions with no further treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient with both gamma-heavy-chain disease and nodular lymphocyte-predominance Hodgkin disease. Given recent data indicating the B-cell nature of this form of Hodgkin disease, the authors propose that in this unique case there may be a clonal relationship between these 2 concurrent B-cell lymphoproliferative processes.
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PMID:Composite nodular lymphocyte-predominance Hodgkin disease and gamma-heavy-chain disease: a case report and review of the literature. 1137 Dec 36

PURPOSE: Study of thyroid function in Hodgkin's disease patients in complete remission. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We examined the thyroid function of 160 Hodgkin's disease patients in complete remission for at least one year, and determined the values of supersensitive thyroid stimulating hormone (sTSH), free T4 (fT4), free T3 (fT3) hormones. RESULTS: Normal values were observed in 117 patients, subclinical change (only elevated sTSH) in 28 patients, clinical hypothyroidism in 14 patients (also low fT4 and/or fT3), hyperthyroidism (Basedow's disease) in one patient. Hypothyroidism was one and a half times more frequent in females than in males. The normal and low thyroid function group did not differ from each other in mean age, histological subtypes, disease stage, general symptoms, and whether lymphangiography was performed. Hypothyroidism was more frequent in patients who had undergone mantle or neck radiotherapy. The onset of thyroid gland underfunction was more pronounced from six years after neck radiotherapy. The thyroid disease could be controlled using a daily dose of 25-225 mg levothyroxin. CONCLUSIONS: During the care of Hodgkin's disease patients routine examination of the thyroid function is important for the early recognition and prevention of treatment related late complications. On the other hand in treatment planning phase more attention should be paid to thyroid gland protection when neck radiotherapy is used.
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PMID:[Hypothyroidism in Hodgkin's disease patients] 1205 Jun 89

During the follow-up of thyroid function of 151 patients with Hodgkin's disease in complete remission for at least 1 year, 26 cases of subclinical, 12 cases of manifest clinical hypothyroidism and 2 cases of hyperthyroidism (Graves-Basedow disease) were confirmed. Thyroid dysfunction was more frequent in patients who had undergone mantle or neck radiotherapy. Hypothyroidism was most often revealed from the 6th year on following radiotherapy. Thyroid autoantibody positivity was found to be more frequent in patients with thyroid dysfunction, and conversely, thyroid dysfunction was more frequent among the 28 patients with autoantibody positivity. Ultrasound examination and fine needle aspiration cytology of the thyroid confirmed thyroiditis in 96% of the patients with antibody positivity. No relationship was found between thyroiditis and the form of treatment for Hodgkin's disease. We have found that both neck irradiation and thyroiditis may play a role in the increased number of thyroid dysfunction in patients treated for Hodgkin's disease. Thyroiditis is not caused by neck radiotherapy but may be the result of immune regulation disorders in Hodgkin's disease. For substitution or isohormone therapy, levothyroxine is suggested for use. We suggest that examination of the thyroid should be performed at least once a year during the follow-up of Hodgkin's disease patients.
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PMID:Hypothyroidism and thyroiditis after therapy for Hodgkin's disease. 1248 17


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