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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Hodgkin--Huxley equations were used to investigate the loading effect of somatic membrane on spike generation in an axon. The depression of the amplitude of antidromic spike near the soma is demonstrated. It is shown that direct activation of the neuron by a current pulse through an intracellular electrode inserted in the soma causes the spike origination in the axon rather far from the cell body because of the loading effect. An increase in the magnitude of the current pulse causes a shift of the site of spike initiation towards the soma.
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PMID:[Propagation of the action potential in the vicinity of the soma of giant neurons after the Hodgkin--Huxley model]. 120 23

The newly diagnosed CA patient faces psychosocial as well as physical problems. To assess the impact of diagnosis, and to find significant clues for later emotional distress, 163 new patients with CA of the breast, colon, lung, Hodgkin's disease, and malignant melanoma were evaluated by interviews, psychological testing, and personality inventories, then followed regularly for six months. Vulnerability was but one parameter that measured emotional distress and faltering capacity to cope with concurrent problems. It was found that the more vulnerable patients had more symptoms when first diagnosed, and that systemic symptoms were more significant than the type of CA or the staging. High vulnerability patients were generally pessimistic, anticipating little recovery and practically no support from significant others. They had more marital problems, tended to suppress feelings, but often had a history of depression. Denial in itself did not mean vulnerability. Indecision about treatment and regrets about the past were more indicative of future emotional problems than was delay. Most patients showed little denial throughout the period of observation, but more vulnerable patients tended to vacillate between denial and acceptance. By learning to listen and ask tactful questions, this information can be elicited by the physician who can then intervene effectively.
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PMID:Early diagnosis of vulnerability in cancer patients. 126 89

In vitro lymphocyte response to phytohemagglutinins (PHA), concavalin A (Con A), and pokeweed mitogen (PW) was evaluated in untreated and treated patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD). The responding capacity to PHA was depressed, though not constantly, in the untreated patients compared with the response to lymphocytes from normal individuals. The depression was more evident, at group level, when the cells were stimulated with suboptimal concentrations of PHA. Radiotherapy constantly induced a strong decrease or a complete loss of the responding capacity of the cells which persisted at low levels for many months. Some years after the initial course of treatment, the response was clearly depressed, but it was better in patients in remission than during relapse. Splenectomy did not affect the responding capacity of the cells. The depressive effect induced by chemotherapy was apparently less marked and persistent than that of radiation. Con A- and PW-induced lymphocyte transformation usually paralleled the PHA-induced response. The depressed response to PHA was not due to an inhibitory activity of HD serum. Washed HD lymphocytes in fetal calf serum were not stimulated better than in autologous plasma, nor were HD sera able to depress the response of normal lymphocytes to PHA, Con A, PW, and PPD. Supernatants from HD lymphocytes cultured for 24 h without any stimulant, and extracts of these cells were also unable to affect the response of normal lymphocytes to PHA.
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PMID:In vitro lymphocyte response to the phytomitogens in untreated and treated patients with Hodgkin's disease. 127 27

The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), a four-point, 14-item self-assessment questionnaire, was tested as a screening method for psychiatric disorders in a sample of 117 Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma consecutive out-patients. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed, giving the relationship between the true positive rate (sensitivity) and the false positive rate (1--specificity). This makes it possible to choose an optimal cut-off score that takes into account the costs and benefits of treatment of psychiatric disorders (mainly adjustment, depressive and anxiety disorders) in a lymphoma out-patient population. A cut-off point of 10 gave 84% sensitivity and 66% specificity. HADS appears in this study to be a well accepted, simple, sensitive and specific tool.
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PMID:Screening for psychiatric disorders in a lymphoma out-patient population. 138 29

The major goal of this descriptive study with repeated measures was to better understand the pain and psychological distress of patients undergoing autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). A second goal was to gain insight into potential treatment strategies by examining the pattern of locus of control and coping strategies used by the subjects. The sample was composed of 17 people (12 men and 5 women) diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma and pretreated with high-dose chemotherapy prior to ABMT. Data collection instruments were the Pain-O-Meter (POM) (Gaston-Johansson, Omaha, NE), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC), and the Coping Strategy Questionnaire (CSQ). The instruments were administered two days prior to the ABMT and 5, 10, and 20 days following the ABMT. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and an ANOVA for repeated measures. The study showed that the patients experienced a low-grade, persistent pain that was multifocally located. Mild to moderate anxiety and depression were present throughout the hospitalization. The patients used inadequate coping strategies and reported that they had little ability to control or decrease their pain. These findings indicate a need for clinicians to develop treatment strategies to deal with pain and psychological distress experienced by patients undergoing ABMT.
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PMID:Pain and psychological distress in patients undergoing autologous bone marrow transplantation. 153 87

Gingival health and salivary gland function were evaluated for a period of 5 years in 14 patients who received head and neck irradiation for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (seven patients; total dose greater than 60 Gy, nasopharyngeal field) and Hodgkin's lymphoma (seven patients; total dose less than 50 Gy, "mantle" field). Plaque index (PII), bleeding index (BI), gingival recession (GR), whole saliva flow rate (WSFR), left parotid sialographic morphology, and salivary gland radioisotopic activity were assessed immediately before radiotherapy and annually thereafter. The nasopharyngeal group had perfect correlation between postradiation depression of WSFR and the sialographic and scintigraphic scores (R = -1.00 and -0.96, respectively). The degree of gland dysfunction correlated negatively with BI and the BI/PII ratio (r = -0.497) and with GR (r = 0.681). The same correlations were noted in the group with Hodgkin's lymphoma during the first 3 years of follow-up. However, recovery of parotid gland function (WSFR and scintigraphic scores) and morphology (sialographic scores) and return to the preradiation relation between WSFR and both BI/PII ratio (r = 0.75) and GR (r = -0.71) were noted in the fourth year. The differences between the nasopharyngeal and Hodgkin's lymphoma groups are attributable to the delineation of the radiation field employed in each group.
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PMID:Gingival health and salivary function in head and neck-irradiated patients. A five-year follow-up. 157 3

Forty patients with malignant lymphoma were treated by 60Co total lymphoid irradiation (TLI): 21 cases received 6 Gy and 19 received 8 Gy. Ten also received autologous bone marrow infusion (ABMI). Acute radiation damage with digestive tract reaction and hemopoietic and immunological depression was observed. Bone marrow was depressed. WBC and platelets decreased rapidly. Lymphocytes showed quantitative and qualitative changes even at the early stage. All these symptoms subsided within 40 days. TLI accompanied by irradiation of the tumor site could result in effective control. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates of malignant lymphoma patients were 30/40 (75%), 14/24 (58%) and 4/12 (33%), respectively, while in those with Hodgkin's disease alone, the 1- and 3-year survival rates were 10/13 (76%) and 5/7 (71.4%), respectively. ABMI hastened hemopoietic reconstitution, which recovered relatively quickly after TLI.
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PMID:The therapeutic and biological effects of total lymph node irradiation and autologous bone marrow infusion on malignant lymphoma patients. 181 57

We report the results of a year of regular psychiatric support in the Hematology Department (UTI-DH) at Santa Maria Hospital. During a six-month period, the total group of hospital inpatients suffering from leukemia, Hodgkin's disease or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, were assessed, using a semi-structured interview. A prevalence of 30% of adjustment disorders (depression and/or anxiety) and 2% of organic mental syndromes was found employing the DSM-III-R diagnostic system. In the second six-month period only patients referred by their doctor and/or nurse were observed. The two rates are discussed. A lower prevalence was found if compared with other studies in cancer patients in general. Possible causes will be focussed. General problems related to the nature of the cancer were identified. The consequences of the omission of cancer diagnosis to patients are analysed. The communication between physician and patient which is often neglected irrespectively of the culture or country, is stressed.
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PMID:[Psychiatric disorders in hospitalized patients with hematologic neoplasms]. 204 22

The authors report the case of a 40 years old man undergoing MOPP chemotherapy for stage III Bb type 2 Hodgkin's disease with immune depression. Six years later he developed two episodes of unilateral transient loss of vision and severe stenosis of the left common carotid artery was found leading to surgical reimplantation of the left subclavian artery. Quickly spreading cutaneous necrosis was observed 5 days after surgery on the scar and the irradiated area: Meleney's postoperative gangrene, an unusual and frequently fatal complication of unknown cause. The patient recovered in two months after wide excision of the necrosed tissues and a skin autograft.
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PMID:[Meleney's postoperative gangrene]. 266 98

The cytological diagnosis of malignant Lymphoma in serous effusions can be difficult because reactive lymphocytes may be morphologically indistinguishable from malignant cells in lymphocytic and other low grade Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. As a result of the present study, diagnostic accuracy can be improved by means of B- and T-cell enumeration using an immunoalkaline-phosphatase method (IAP). 30 cytological specimens, including 28 pleural, 1 pericardial and 1 ascitic fluids, were studied with a panel of monoclonal anti B- and anti T-cell antibodies (PAN B, kappa, lambda, T1, T2, OKT4, T8). Reactive lymphocytic effusions were characterized by a predominance of T cells constituting greater than or equal to 80% of all lymphocytes with an excess of helper/inducer cells (mean helper to suppressor ratio 3.0) and by a surface kappa to surface lambda ratio of 1.6 on B-cells. Tuberculous effusions showed a similar distribution of lymphocyte-subpopulations whilst most of the carcinomatous fluids showed a lower percentage of T cells (lowest value 67%) and lower Th: Ts ratio (mean 2.0). Lymphoid cells in samples of five B-cell lymphomas were characterized by T-cell depression (less than 70%). B-cells in three cases expressed clear cut light chain monoclonality which was at least suggested in the other two cases. Lymphoid cells from two cases of Hodgkin's disease expressed an indistinct immunological pattern. Labelling of cytoplasmic immunoglobulins (heavy and light chains) using the peroxidase antiperoxidase method (PAP) may be important to characterize neoplasms of the plasma cell series. It is concluded that the chosen panel of antibodies in combination with IAP labelling method may be of great value in identifying B-cell lymphomas. The technique can be used in the routine laboratory and storage of unlabelled and labelled slides over long periods is possible.
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PMID:Immunocytochemical characterization of lymphocytes in benign and malignant lymphocyte-rich serous effusions. 308 54


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