Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have investigated whether Group B human adenoviruses (Ad) (Ad3, Ad7, Ad11, Ad14, Ad16, and Ad21), which are widespread in the human population and are tumorigenic in hamsters, may play a role in human cancer. Hybridization of Ad7-radiolabeled DNA with DNA's from an Ad7-induced primary hamster tumor and from two cell lines (5728 and Ad7 P-cell) established from Ad7-induced hamster tumors indicated multiple copies per cell of 17, 30 to 36, and 20%, respectively of the Ad7 genome. Thus, cells transformed by Group B Ads resemble cells transformed by Group C and Group A Ad's in that they retain multiple copies of a variable fraction of the viral genome. These model studies suggest that possible Group B Ad-induced human cancer cells should contain one or more copies of virus DNA per cell. Therefore, we assayed human cancer DNA's for Ad sequences, by highly sensitive "saturation-hybridization" reactions with Ad7 or Ad11 DNA (4 X 10(6) to 2.1 x 10(8) cpm/microgram). We concentrated on cancers of the respiratory and digestive systems, because these systems are the most common sites of infection by Group B Ad's. In 8 independent experiments, no Ad7 sequences were detected in DNA's from 16 normal lung tissues, 18 normal tissues of the digestive system, 34 cancers of the respiratory system, 19 cancers of the digestive system, 11 cancers of the urinary system, 5 cancers of the genital system, 3 cancers of the breast, and 6 Hodgkin's lymphomas. Reconstruction controls with added Ad7 DNA indicated that about 0.05 to 0.1 copy of Ad7 DNA per cell should be detected. Ad11 is strongly implicated as a cause of acute hemorrhagic cystitis. In two independent experiments, no Ad11 sequences were detected in DNA's from 9 carcinomas of bladder, 10 carcinomas of prostate, 24 carcinomas of kidney, 3 hypernephromas, 3 Wilms' tumors, or 2 normal kidneys. Reconstruction experiments indicated that the cancer DNA assays had a sensitivity of 0.05 to 0.1 copy of Ad11 DNA per cell. The DNA's of Group B Ad's are greater than 85% homologous by hybridization; thus, these results are applicable to all Group B serotypes. Our data provide evidence (but not formal proof) that none of the human cancers that we analyzed were induced by Group B Ad's. These tumors represent about 50% of the tumors that affect humans. The possible involvement of Group B Ad's in other less common forms of human cancers is under investigation in our laboratory.
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PMID:Analysis of human cancer DNA's for DNA sequence of human adenovirus serotypes 3, 7, 11, 14, 16, and 21 in group B1. 57 74

After 12 cycles of MOPP therapy for Hodgkin's Disease, an adolescent black male developed hemorrhagic cystitis, which clinically and histologically was similar to that induced by cyclophosphamide. At that time he had a normal platelet count and had never been irradiated below the diaphram. The markedly contracted bladder returned to normal approximately one month following cessation of therapy.
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PMID:Hemorrhagic cystitis with MOPP therapy. 63 90

Manifestations and complications of Hodgkin's disease in the urinary tract can appear as alterations of the kidneys (stag's antlers type), compression and displacement of the ureter (ureteric type), or as chemotherapeutically induced cystitis (Endoxam type). All these complications were found consecutively in the case documented here. The diagnosis was made on the basis of the symptoms, the findings in the i.v. urogram, and cystoscopy; it was confirmed post mortem by the autopsy. In this advanced case of Hodgkin's disease, only the hemorrhagic cystitis warranted therapy.
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PMID:[Urological Hodgkin's disease (author's transl)]. 65 10

Between 1986 and 1988, 81 patients with high grade malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma according to the Kiel classification were treated with the VIM-Bleo/CHOP-regimen: etoposide 100 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1-3, ifosfamide 1.5 g/m2 intravenously days 1-5 with mesna for prophylaxis of cystitis, methotrexate 30 mg/m2 intravenously on days 3, bleomycin 10 mg intravenously on days 8 and 15, cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m2 day 22, doxorubicin 50 mg/m2 day 22, vincristine 1.4 mg/m2 on day 22, and prednisolone 100 mg postoperatively on days 1-5 and 22-26. Cycles were repeated four times beginning on day 43. Regions with bulky disease were irradiated after chemotherapy. 36 patients (44%) had stage II, 12 (15%) stage III and 33 (41%) stage IV disease. B-symptoms were present in 49% of patients. Serum lactate dehydrogenase activity was elevated in 53%. Overall, 59 patients (73%) achieved a complete and 14 (17%) a partial remission. 8 (9%) had stable or progressive disease. After a median follow up of 30 months thus far, probability of long-term relapse free survival is 66% for patients in complete remission. Overall survival is 72% at 24 months. Toxicity from treatment was very low with leukopenia being the main side effect. Major infections were observed in only 2% of cycles with one treatment related death. VIM-Bleo/CHOP is a well tolerated regimen with remission rates in the range of other, more toxic regimens. However, cyclic alternating treatment did not improve results as compared with repeated treatment with a single standard protocol.
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PMID:Cyclic alternating chemotherapy of high-grade malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas with VIM-Bleo and CHOP. 137 34

Ifosfamide is an oxazaphosphorine alkylating agent with a broad spectrum of antineoplastic activity. It is a prodrug metabolised in the liver by cytochrome P450 mixed-function oxidase enzymes to isofosforamide mustard, the active alkylating compound. Mesna, a uroprotective thiol agent, is routinely administered concomitantly with ifosfamide, and has almost eliminated ifosfamide-induced haemorrhagic cystitis and has reduced nephron toxicity. Therapeutic studies, mostly noncomparative in nature, have demonstrated the efficacy of ifosfamide/mesna alone, or more commonly as a component of combination regimens, in a variety of cancers. In patients with relapsed or refractory disseminated nonseminomatous testicular cancer, a salvage regimen of ifosfamide/mesna, cisplatin and either etoposide or vinblastine produced complete response in approximately one-quarter of patients. As a component of both induction and salvage chemotherapeutic regimens, ifosfamide/mesna has produced favourable response rates in small cell lung cancer, paediatric solid tumours, non-Hodgkin's and Hodgkin's lymphoma, and ovarian cancer. Induction therapy with ifosfamide/mesna-containing chemotherapeutic regimens has been encouraging in non-small cell lung cancer, adult soft-tissue sarcomas, and as neoadjuvant therapy in advanced cervical cancer. As salvage therapy, ifosfamide/mesna-containing combinations have a palliative role in advanced breast cancer and advanced cervical cancer. Ifosfamide/mesna can elicit responses in patients refractory to numerous other antineoplastic drugs, including cyclophosphamide. With administration of concomitant mesna to protect against ifosfamide-induced urotoxicity, the principal dose-limiting toxicity of ifosfamide is myelosuppression; leucopenia is generally more severe than thrombocytopenia. Reversible CNS adverse effects ranging from mild somnolence and confusion to severe encephalopathy and coma can occur in approximately 10 to 20% of patients after intravenous infusion, and the incidence of neurotoxicity may be increased to 50% after oral administration because of differences in the preferential route of metabolism between the 2 routes of administration. Other adverse effects of ifosfamide include nephrotoxicity, alopecia, and nausea/vomiting. In general, intravenously administered mesna is associated with a low incidence of adverse effects; however, gastrointestinal disturbances are common following oral administration. Thus, ifosfamide/mesna is an important and worthwhile addition to the currently available range of chemotherapeutic agents. It has a broad spectrum of antineoplastic activity and causes less marked myelosuppression than many other cytotoxic agents. At present, the role of ifosfamide/mesna in refractory germ cell testicular cancer is clearly defined; however, its overall place in the treatment of other forms of cancer awaits delineation in future well-controlled comparative studies.
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PMID:Ifosfamide/mesna. A review of its antineoplastic activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic efficacy in cancer. 172 Mar 82

A prospective phase II study was performed to evaluate efficacy and toxicity of continuous infusion ifosfamide plus etoposide combination in elderly patients (older than 70 years) with intermediate or high grade non Hodgkin's lymphoma. Chemotherapy was administered with mesna in order to avoid hemorrhagic cystitis. The 21 patients included were either unable to receive the usual front-line chemotherapy given in our institution or relapsing after or not responding to conventional chemotherapy. Only one out of 97 courses of chemotherapy was followed by serious complication consisting in non-lethal pneumonitis. Four out of seven previously untreated patients and five patients treated in first relapse achieved complete response (75 per cent). Out of nine refractory or previously multi-treated patients, only one achieved complete response. We conclude that combination of continuous infusion ifosfamide plus etoposide deserves to be evaluated on a larger scale so that the optimum doses and schedule may be defined.
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PMID:Ifosfamide continuous infusion plus etoposide in the treatment of elderly patients with aggressive lymphoma: a phase II study. 174 25

Adenovirus (AV) infection usually has a benign course in normal hosts; however, in immunocompromised patients, AV may cause pneumonia, cystitis, or disseminated disease with substantial morbidity and even mortality. Although pulmonic AV involvement is common, infection of the kidney is unusual. The histologic findings previously described include tubular necrosis with interstitial inflammation and glomerulonephritis. We report a case of an AV-induced unilateral mass lesion in the kidney of a patient with Hodgkin's disease (HD) following bone marrow transplantation.
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PMID:Adenovirus infection of the kidney: mass formation in a patient with Hodgkin's disease. 192 70

Seventy-two patients with recurrent or refractory malignant lymphoproliferative diseases were treated with MIME combination chemotherapy (methyl-GAG, ifosfamide, methotrexate, etoposide) and concurrent mesna to prevent urothelial toxicity; 41 patients had high/intermediate-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), 18 low-grade NHL/chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and 13 Hodgkin's disease (HD). The overall response rates were 56% in high/intermediate-grade NHL, 11% in low-grade NHL/CLL, and 69% in HD respectively. Median survival in the same 3 groups was 7, 2 and 10 months respectively. Neither previous type of response to chemotherapy nor previous amount of treatment predicted the outcome of MIME chemotherapy. Toxicity was modest, hemorrhagic cystitis did not occur, and only one therapy-related death occurred. Although MIME appears to be a safe treatment with considerable activity in recurrent or refractory lymphoproliferative disease very few patients become long-term survivors. However, MIME is well suited for remission induction in patients intended for subsequent autologous bone-marrow transplantation.
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PMID:MIME combination chemotherapy in recurrent or refractory lymphoproliferative malignancies. A phase II study. 200 79

This work reviews the most frequent late effects seen in long-term survivors and how they relate to individual therapeutic modalities: a) Growth: severe growth retardation is seen in patients treated by radiation therapy, related to dose, anatomical site and age of patient, along with bony abnormalities (scoliosis, atrophy or hypoplasia, osteoporosis). b) Fertility: chemotherapy, in particular alkylating agents and the methylhydrazine procarbazine, can interfere with gonadal function, especially when administered with abdomen and pelvic irradiation. This effect is often seen in Hodgkin disease. c) Cardiovascular function: the anthracyclines cardiotoxicity is well known and most commonly presents with cardiomyopathy, pericarditis or both. d) Pulmonary function: pulmonary fibrosis and recurring pneumonitis are the most common effects when more than a total dose 3000 cGy has been delivered to more than 50% of the lung. Chemotherapeutic agents (bleomycin, busulfan and many others) appear to be dose-related responsible for pulmonary disease in long-term survivors. e) Gastrointestinal function: fibrosis and enteritis are the most common pathologic abnormalities of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly after radiation therapy. The hepatotoxicity of anticancer therapy is well known: fibrosis-cirrhosis is seen after radiation therapy when a total dose between 1200 and 5800 cGy is administered, but abnormal liver function is also found after chemotherapy, being methotrexate implicated as cause of chronic hepatopathy. f) Urinary tract: hemorrhagic cystitis has been associated with cyclophosphamide and iphosfamide, but today this complication has been reduced by the use of prophylactic measures such as vigorous hydration and diuresis. Radiation in dose exceeding 2000 cGy is a well-defined cause of renal failure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Late data in pediatric oncology]. 207 95

Fifty-seven patients with advanced malignant tumours were treated with ifosfamide (Holoxan) and mesna (Uromitexan) in our department from November 1979 to December 1984. This series comprised eight cases of soft tissue sarcoma, nine cases of ovarian carcinoma, five cases of non-seminomatous testicular tumour, 11 cases of bronchogenic carcinoma, three cases of renal carcinoma, seven cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, two cases of skeletal fibrosarcoma, two cases of breast carcinoma, one case each of Ewing's tumour, prostatic carcinoma, seminoma, plasma cell tumour, multiple myeloma, malignant teratoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Wilms's tumour, neuroblastoma and mycosis fungoides. Out of these 57 cases, 53 were evaluable. There were five complete remissions and 20 partial remissions, corresponding to a total response rate of 47%. The overall median survival time (MST) of the 53 evaluable patients was 7.5 months. The responders had a longer survival time (MST 10 months) than the non-responders (MST 4.75 months) (p greater than 0.05). Analysis of the results according to sex, age, dosage of ifosfamide and degree of histological differentiation of the tumour cells failed to show any influence of these factors on the therapeutic results. The response rate to ifosfamide found in this study might be related to the histological origin of the tumours and to whether the primary tumours had been resected. The non-seminomatous testicular tumours, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and ovarian carcinomas showed a high response rate. The response rate was higher in the group in which the primary tumour had been resected (61%) than in the non-resected group (12%) (except the non-Hodgkin's lymphoma). The side-effects of this regimen were moderate. Dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, myelodepression, dizziness, and alopecia were common. Cystitis could be prevented nearly completely by concomitant administration of mesna, when given correctly, for preventing side-effects of ifosfamide on the urinary system (haemorrhagic cystitis, etc.).
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PMID:Treatment of advanced malignancies with ifosfamide under protection with mesna. 313 Mar 16


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