Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A report is presented on 9 patients who became pregnant and gave birth to 11 children after intensive or long-term tumor therapy. Eight patients had Hodgkin's disease and one patient metastatic choriocarcinoma. Two children had a birth defect probably related to the anticancer therapy: one child has hearing loss of the inner ear and one child a cleft lip and palate. Some general issues relating to pregnancy after tumor therapy are discussed.
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PMID:[Pregnancy following tumor therapy]. 45 11

A few years ago Everson and I assembled all the examples of spontaneous regression in the world medical literature from 1900 to 1960 and added numerous cases from expriences of our friends. Our figure was 176. We excluded squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and a large number of cases that did not fulfill the prerequisites of confirmed diagnosis and no significant treatment. The four most common examples of regression were carcinoma of the kidney (31), neuroblastoma (29), malignant melanoma (19), and choriocarcinoma (19); these constituted more than half the group. We did not require that the regression be permanent because it appeared that the explanation of temporary regression would be just as important as the cause of permanent regression. There was no proven specific cause of the regression, but the following mechanisms had a possible relationship: immunologic action, elimination of carcinogens, trauma (altering the antigen-antibody relationship), hormones, irradiation, infection and/or fever, and drugs or chemicals. The most applicable of these is elimination of the carcinogen. Immunologic reactions seem to offer the best explanation, and the potential of humoral immunity is more impressive than that of cellular immunity.
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PMID:Spontaneous regression of cancer and the importance of finding its cause. 79 60

Over recent years radical improvements in the treatment of malignant disease have resulted in the cure of patients in or approaching reproductive age, and with that cure, the effects on gonadal function have become apparent. Gonadal failure is particularly important in Hodgkin's disease, germ cell tumours, choriocarcinoma, and leukaemia, diseases of young people which are largely curable. Premature ovarian and testicular failure are easily missed by doctors concerned primarily with the erradication or arrest of a life-threatening disease, but for the patient the hormonal, psychological and social sequelae of treatment may be devastating. In this article we review the effects of chemotherapy on gonadal function and discuss the management of gonadal failure.
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PMID:Effects of chemotherapy on fertility. 224 55

The effective treatment of systemic cancer began in the 1950s on two fronts, i.e., childhood leukemia and choriocarcinoma. These two diseases were successfully treated as a direct result of the use of antifolate methotrexate. The demonstration of complete durable remissions in these diseases quickly led to development of other anticancer drugs, tested using the prospective clinical trials. In the 1960s as the number of active drugs increased, combination chemotherapy was introduced. Other systemic cancers, such as Hodgkin's, large cell lymphoma, and testicular cancer, became curable in the 1970s. For the common low-growth fraction solid tumors, the curability of systemic disease remained elusive until the introduction of adjuvant therapy to treat micrometastases. The past decade of the 1980s has seen improvement in the outcomes for breast cancer, osteosarcoma, and possible colon cancer utilizing adjunctive chemotherapy. The 1980s also saw the introduction of biologic therapies that have further improved the outcomes of several leukemias and produced consistent responses in patients with renal cell and melanoma. The 1990s will undoubtedly see more improvements as the effects of current drugs will be enhanced not only by improved integration of systemic and local therapies but also by utilizing cytokines and biologic response modifiers in concert with cytotoxics. Moreover, as we understand more about the process of cancer induction, promotion, and progression, more specific anti-cancer approaches will be developed to control cancer even before clinical cancer is diagnosed. Underlying and facilitating the improvement in cancer therapy have been not only the experimental results of many laboratory scientists but also the outcomes from many controlled clinical trials, the laboratory of clinical scientists.
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PMID:Progress in the systemic treatment of cancer. Concepts, trials, drugs, and biologics. 230 52

Since 1970, we have carried out cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy in cooperation with Japanese scientists, particularly Prof. H. Umezawa, who has generously supplied bleomycin, peplomycin, acalcinomycin A (ACM), THP-adriamycin (THP), neothramycin and bestatin. Malignant tumors curable by pharmacotherapy are polycythemia vera (CR 100%), acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) (CR 80%), Burkitt tumor (CR 80 or 50%), Hodgkin disease (CR 80%), chorioepithelioma (CR 80%), testicular cancer (CR 80%), ovary cancer of children (CR 80%), Wilms renal cancer (CR 60%), rhabdomyosarcoma (CR 75%), osteosarcoma (CR 60%), Ewing tumor (CR 60%), brain tumor of children (CR greater than 50%), testicular embryonal cancer of children (CR greater than 50%), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (CR 50%), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) (CR 50%), ovary cancer of adults (CR 40%), small cell lung cancer (CR 20%) and breast cancer. Our experimental and/or clinical experience with ACM, THP, methoxy-9-ellipticine lactate, navelbine, 4-demethyl-epipodophyllotoxin-beta-d-ethyledene glucoside, bestatin and interferon is presented. ACM is effective against AML, ALL, NHL, Burkitt tumor, breast cancer. We have comparatively investigated cardiac and dermal toxicity of 12 kinds of anthracycline antibiotics and mitoxantrone, using golden hamsters. Of the drugs examined, ACM, THP, AD-32 and AD-143 cause much less cardiomyopathy and alopecia than the other agents. The results have been confirmed by electron microscopic studies. Bestatin is an immunorestorator, which recovers immunological functions decreased in aged animals. We hope that cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy will progress in future and contribute to cure of neoplasms. Japanese scientists have been making a great contribution in the field of cancer pharmacotherapy, and we are eager to cooperate with Japanese scientists in cancer treatment studies.
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PMID:[Japanese-French cooperation in tumor pharmacotherapy: 1970-1990]. 619 71

The development of chemotherapy for patients with the major cancers progressed from the initial success attained in the treatment of acute leukemias and choriocarcinoma. Many of the principles of therapy were based on the concepts developed in the experimental laboratories and early clinical studies done at the NIH Clinical Center and other centers around the country. The purpose of this review is to describe some of the early advances in cancer therapy and show how many are based on the efforts of Dr. Emil J Freireich. Over his career, Dr. Freireich has published more than 500 papers and worked on more than 70 different drugs and combinations. The principles defined by Dr. Freireich, namely, the use of intermittent intensive chemotherapy to induce complete remissions (CRs), intensification of therapy in remission, and the use of unmaintained remissions to assess cure, have been important in developing curative chemotherapy programs in patients with acute leukemias. These same principles were applied to combination therapy of Hodgkin's disease as the nitrogen mustard, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone combination was developed. This led to the high CR and cure rate for this disease. The treatment of metastatic breast cancer does not produce a high proportion of CRs, and cures of metastatic disease are unlikely with chemotherapy alone. But adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery has resulted in a significant reduction in cancer mortality. Many challenges remain in increasing the cure rate for the major solid tumors. New avenues of controlling cell growth and metastases need to be explored. One approach that is exploitable is the use of drugs or nutrients to prevent cancer. Laboratory approaches are now becoming a clinical reality.
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PMID:Drug development in solid tumors: personal perspective of Dr. Emil J Freireich's contributions. 1006 63

The receptor tyrosine kinase Flt3 is expressed on the blasts of a high proportion of AML cases. We were interested in the expression and function of Flt3 on various human tumors. human tumor cell lines were tested for Flt3 expression by northern blot analysis and RT-PCR using head/neck (n=3), breast (n=4), ovarian (n=4), small cell lung (n=2), non-small cell lung (n=2), gastric (n=1), colon (n=3), pancreatic (n=1) and prostate carcinoma (n=1), choriocarcinoma (n=1), glioblastoma (n=5), neuroblastoma (n=1), melanoma (n=3), lymphoma (n=1), Hodgkin's disease (n=2), and leukemic (n=6) cell lines. With no expression on the other cell samples, 3 of 6 leukemic cell lines showed expression of Flt3 mRNA. The cDNA region corresponding to the juxtamembrane domain did not show any mutation as determined by sequence analysis. In all 3 positive cell lines, protein expression was verified by immunoprecipitation followed by immunoblot analysis. Although Flt3 is functional in these cell lines, as judged by ligand-dependent receptor autophosphorylation, it only mediates a proliferative response in 2 of the 3 cell lines. In conclusion, Flt3 is expressed exclusively in hematopoietic malignancies. Although early signalling events are detectable in all Flt3-positive cell lines tested, the expression of Flt3 does not predict a proliferative response of the cell lines. No internal tandem duplication of the juxtamembrane domain can be observed.
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PMID:Expression and function of Flt3/flk2 in human tumor cell lines. 1008 27

Seventy-eight patients with advanced malignant disease were treated with vincristine, an alkaloid derived from Vinca rosea Linn. Fifty-nine of these survived one month from the beginning of treatment and could be evaluated. Twenty made a good response, with return to activity and more than 75% regression of tumour deposits. Seven made a fair response with resumption of partial activity and at least a 25% regression of tumour deposits. Favourable results were seen in patients with Hodgkin's disease, reticulum cell sarcoma, lymphosarcoma, carcinoma of the breast, acute leukemia and choriocarcinoma. The duration of remission was usually brief but in five instances exceeded six months. Toxic reactions include a high incidence of alopecia and neurologic complications. The bone marrow depression is constant and predictable.
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PMID:VINCRISTINE IN THE TREATMENT OF NEOPLASTIC DISEASE. 1415 43

The most impressive regressions obtained to date with the use of chemotherapy are in metastatic choriocarcinoma of females. In the management of Hodgkin's disease, leukemia, and lymphoma, chemotherapy is a useful and accepted form of therapy. In many cases radiation and chemotherapy are interdependent. In disseminated carcinomas arising in the lung, ovary or breast, there is less likelihood of significant improvement with the use of chemotherapy, but if the disease is not amenable to radiotherapy, useful palliation can be obtained at times. While newer chemotherapeutic agents for cancer, notably the pyrimidine analogues, have a broader spectrum of antitumor effects than others investigated earlier, they should be regarded as providing a valuable research stimulus in the continued search for more effective and less toxic agents.
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PMID:Current concepts of cancer chemotherapy. 1448 58

Since ancient times, plants and herbal preparations have been used as medicine. Research carried out in last few decades has certified several such claims of use of several plants of traditional medicine. Popularity of Momordica charantia (MC) in various systems of traditional medicine for several ailments (antidiabetic, abortifacient, anthelmintic, contraceptive, dysmenorrhea, eczema, emmenagogue, antimalarial, galactagogue, gout, jaundice, abdominal pain, kidney (stone), laxative, leprosy, leucorrhea, piles, pneumonia, psoriasis, purgative, rheumatism, fever and scabies) focused the investigator's attention on this plant. Over 100 studies using modern techniques have authenticated its use in diabetes and its complications (nephropathy, cataract, insulin resistance), as antibacterial as well as antiviral agent (including HIV infection), as anthelmintic and abortifacient. Traditionally it has also been used in treating peptic ulcers, interestingly in a recent experimental studies have exhibited its potential against Helicobacter pylori. Most importantly, the studies have shown its efficacy in various cancers (lymphoid leukemia, lymphoma, choriocarcinoma, melanoma, breast cancer, skin tumor, prostatic cancer, squamous carcinoma of tongue and larynx, human bladder carcinomas and Hodgkin's disease). There are few reports available on clinical use of MC in diabetes and cancer patients that have shown promising results.
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PMID:Pharmacological actions and potential uses of Momordica charantia: a review. 1518 17


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