Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The data presented from the population-based cancer registry in Harare, Zimbabwe, represent the first information on the incidence of cancer in Southern Africa for almost 20 years. In the African population in Zimbabwe there are several features in common with other countries in sub-Saharan Africa: high rates of liver, prostate and cervix cancer, low rates of large-bowel cancer and breast cancer. Also, as reported from southern and south-eastern Africa, there are relatively high incidence rates of cancers of the oesophagus, bladder and (in men) lung. The AIDS epidemic has given rise to a striking increase in incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma (now the commonest cancer of African men), but there is not much evidence for an increase in incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphomas nor, although rates are very high, of cervical cancer.
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PMID:Cancer in the African population of Harare, Zimbabwe, 1990-1992. 755 48

Risks of cancer incidence in people born in England and Wales and New Zealand (non-Maoris) living in their home countries, and after migration between the two countries, were analysed using data from their national cancer registries. Since these populations are of similar genetic origin, any real differences in cancer incidence between them are likely to reflect the action of environmental or behavioural risk factors. The greatest differences in risk between the countries were for cutaneous melanoma and lip cancer. In each sex, relative risks of these malignancies were 4 or greater for the New Zealand-born in New Zealand compared with English and Welsh natives in their home country, and risks for migrants in each direction were generally intermediate between those born in the home country in the two countries. Sizeable significantly raised risks in the New Zealand-born in New Zealand compared with English and Welsh natives in England and Wales also occurred for cancers of the mouth, small intestine, colon, thymus, eye and thyroid, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in each sex, and for cancer of the prostate. For all of these sites except mouth, small intestine and colon there were also risks around or above New Zealand-born levels for English and Welsh migrants to New Zealand; for colon cancer these migrants had risks close to those in England and Wales. New Zealand migrants to England and Wales had risks of cancers of the colon and prostate that were similar to or above New Zealand levels. Risks of cancers of the stomach, lung, pleura and bladder, and Hodgkin's disease in each sex, and cancers of the cervix, ovary and scrotum and penis, were substantially and significantly lower in the New Zealand-born living in New Zealand than in English and Welsh natives in England and Wales. In English and Welsh migrants to New Zealand risks of bladder cancer in each sex, and of scrotal and penile and pleural cancer in males, approximated to England and Wales risks; cervical cancer risk approximated to the New Zealand risk; and stomach, lung and ovarian cancers showed intermediate risks. Migrants from New Zealand to England and Wales did not gain the lung cancer or clearly the stomach cancer risk of their host country, but did have bladder cancer risks approximating to those in England and Wales.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Cancer incidence in England and Wales and New Zealand and in migrants between the two countries. 759 59

The genetic damage present in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients treated with fractionated partial-body radiation therapy for cervical cancer or Hodgkin's disease was followed during treatment by means of the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. For each patient a dose-response relationship with respect to the number of micronuclei after in vitro irradiation of blood samples pretreatment was also determined. Comparing the individual in vivo-in vitro data, the micronucleus yields after the equivalent whole-body dose during radiotherapy were found to differ substantially from the in vitro dose-response. Contrary to the linear-quadratic dose dependence after in vitro irradiation the initial increase in the micronucleus yield during radiotherapy levelled off at elevated doses. The observed differences cannot be attributed only to the effects of interphase death and the partial irradiation of the lymphocyte pool. The correlation between the micronucleus yield and the equivalent whole-body dose for values up to 2 Gy, observed for the pooled data of the first part of the radiotherapy treatment, demonstrates the suitability of the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay as a biological dosemeter after accidents involving partial-body irradiation.
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PMID:Micronucleus induction in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients under radiotherapy treatment for cervical cancer or Hodgkin's disease. 777 28

To determine the types and rates of tumors which may be associated with HIV infection in women, we used cancer incidence data from New York and northern New Jersey. We examined changes in incidence of selected cancers in women aged 20-49 years and compared groups differing in incidence of AIDS. Black women were compared to white women in New York City and in the remainder of New York State; for cervical cancer, rates were also compared for Blacks and Whites in northern New Jersey. The incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma in women increased in New York City, beginning in 1982 for Blacks and in 1984 for Whites, but remained stable in the remainder of New York State. The incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in New York women doubled in Blacks after 1982 whereas incidence trends in Whites were unchanged. No consistent variation was seen in the incidence of Hodgkin's disease. Cervical cancer in New York and northern New Jersey Blacks declined over the same period by approximately 40% for invasive tumors and 50% for in situ lesions. The HIV epidemic is associated with substantial excesses of Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in women. The absence of Kaposi's sarcoma in upstate New York women suggests the existence of a geographically restricted co-factor(s) for Kaposi's sarcoma in addition to HIV. If HIV affected cervical cancer incidence through 1988, its impact was small compared to the striking decreases which followed widespread adoption of Papanicolaou screening.
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PMID:Cancer incidence trends in women at high risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. 837 Jun 17

Between 1985 and 1990, five cases of radiation-induced bladder cancer were treated at our center. The first primary neoplasm was uterine cervical cancer in three patients, uterine endometrial cancer in one patient, and Hodgkin's disease in one patient. Additional treatment for the primary neoplasm included panhysterectomy for the patient with endometrial cancer and cyclophosphamide-based combination chemotherapy for the patient with Hodgkin's disease. The mean age at development of bladder cancer was 60.4 years, and the average time interval between irradiation and development of bladder cancer was 14.6 years. All the bladder cancers were invasive. The treatment modalities included anterior pelvic exenteration in one patient, partial cystectomy in one patient, reirradiation in two patients, including the use of intraoperative electron therapy in one patient, and TUR plus endoscopic Nd:YAG laser treatment in one patient. Four patients are alive without disease at a mean follow-up period of 15 months from the diagnosis of bladder cancer.
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PMID:Second primary bladder cancer following pelvic irradiation for other malignancies. 837 8

Although high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and an unusually aggressive form of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) remain the most common malignancies seen in AIDS patients, other tumors such as cervical cancer, Hodgkin's disease and others, have been increasingly observed, probably because these patients now live longer. We report the imaging findings of 80 AIDS patients with pathologically confirmed neoplasms from a series of 340 AIDS patients examined 1986-1994. Twenty-four of 80 patients had NHL, 4 Hodgkin's disease, 31 KS, 4 cervical cancer, 2 leukemia, 2 testicular, 1 larynx, 2 lung, 2 breast, 1 esophagus, 1 stomach, 1 liver, 2 kidney and 3 adrenal carcinomas. Twenty of 24 NHLs exhibited extranodal involvement--to the liver (13/24), brain (9/24), lung (7/24) and gastrointestinal tract (6/24). Visceral KS involved the gastrointestinal tract (6/32), lung (4/32) and liver (2/32). The most accredited pathogenetic theories concerning the role of HIV infection in oncogenesis advocate the effect of multiple growth factors produced by HIV-infected lymphocytes (KS) or the disregulation of B-cells caused by T-cell destruction (NHL). The atypical morphostructural features of AIDS-related tumors are discussed--e.g., atypical presentation, occurrence in younger individuals, aggressive clinical course and poor response to conventional therapy--together with the differential diagnostic problems, especially vs. opportunistic infections.
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PMID:[AIDS-related neoplasms: a clinico-radiological study]. 864 55

Substantial evidence indicates that several common viruses are clearly or probable causal factors in the etiology of specific malignancies. These viruses either normally establish latency or can become persistent infections. Oncogenesis is probably linked to an enhanced level of viral activation in the infected host, reflecting heavy viral dose or compromised immune control. The major virus-malignancy systems include hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatocellular carcinoma; human lymphotropic virus-type 1 (HTLV-1) and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL); Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and endemic Burkitt's lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and Hodgkin's disease; and human papilloma virus (HPV) and cervical cancer. Of these, a vaccine is available only for HBV. These malignancies tend to occur in early to mid-life and account for a substantial amount of morbidity and person-years lost. They are also likely to occur as "opportunistic malignancies" among individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type-1, particularly among those who experience prolonged survival.
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PMID:Overview: viral agents and cancer. 874 95

The results of an international, collaborative study of cancer in Circumpolar Inuit in Greenland, Canada, Alaska and Russia are summarized. A total of 3 255 incident cancers were diagnosed from 1969 to 1988 among 85 000-110 000 individuals. Indirect standardization (SIR) based on comparison populations in Connecticut (USA), Canada and Denmark showed excess risk of cancer of the lung, nasopharynx, salivary glands, gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts in both sexes, of liver and stomach cancer in men, and renal and cervical cancer in women. Low risk was observed for cancer of the bladder, breast, endometrium and prostate, and for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, leukaemia, multiple myeloma and melanoma. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) of cancer of lung, cervix, nasopharynx and salivary glands among Inuit were among the world's highest as were rates in women of oesophageal and renal cancer. Regional differences in ASRs within the Circumpolar area were observed for cancer of the cervix, lung, colon and rectum, liver, gallbladder and breast. The differences in the Inuit cancer incidence pattern to some extent reflect known variations in lifestyle, diet and other exposures, as well as implementation of cancer control measures. Future research addressing possible individual differences are needed to evaluate environmental and genetic factors in etiology and evaluate intervention studies.
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PMID:Cancer in Circumpolar Inuit 1969-1988. A summary. 881 71

A detailed analysis was made of the malignant cancer incidence rates for the Czech Republic for 1973-1989, concentrating on time trends in five-year age groups. The results were compared with the trend of age-standardized incidence (Standardized Incidence Ratio, SIR) for each cancer type. The dynamics of the changes in the incidence of each type of cancer often proved to be different for various age groups and in some cases even opposite trends were identified: Lung cancer in men-the SIR trend is insignificant, in the 45 to 64 years age groups an increase in incidence, in the 70 to 79 years age groups a decrease; testicular cancer-the SIR trend is growing, in the 20 to 44 years age groups the increase is up to 2.5 times higher in comparison with the SIR trend, in the 60 to 74 years group a decrease; cervical cancer-the SIR trend is insignificant, in the 30 to 39 years age groups an increase, in the 45 to 49 years groups a decrease; Hodgkin's disease-the SIR trend is insignificant for women, a slight decrease for men, in both sexes a rise in the 15 to 19 years age group, a drop in the 50 to 54 years age group. All identified cases of striking non-parallel trends in age groups have to be regarded as very displeasing as they present "a shift to the left", i.e. a redistribution of the occurrence of the illness towards younger age groups. The causes of this phenomenon are not entirely clear, however, the results achieved demonstrate the necessity of further evaluation of oncological/epidemiological data in narrow age groups.
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PMID:The incidence of cancer in the Czech Republic from 1973 to 1989: cancers with non-parallel trends in age groups. 888 49

We have registered 2,064 cases of cancer among the inhabitants of Conakry, Guinea, during 1992-1994, corresponding to age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) of 83.3 per 100,000 in men and 110.5 per 100,000 in women. As elsewhere in West Africa, the principal cancer of men was liver cancer (ASR 32.6), with modest rates of stomach (ASR 6.2) and prostate (ASR 8.1) cancers. In women, cervix cancer was the dominant malignancy (ASR 46.0), followed by liver cancer (ASR 12.5) and breast cancer (ASR 10.9). In contrast to contemporary East and Central Africa, Kaposi's sarcoma remained rare (only 4 cases). In the childhood age group, relatively high incidence rates were found for Hodgkin's disease, Burkitt's lymphoma and, especially, retinoblastoma.
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PMID:Cancer incidence in Conakry, Guinea: first results from the Cancer Registry 1992-1995. 898 88


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