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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Based on own experience and on the published literature we report about indications and efficiency of endosonography (EUS) in gastric tumors. The following conclusions can be drawn at the present time. Submucous tumors can be clearly differentiated from extragastric compressions. Although the endosonographic aspect does not allow to formulate an etiologic diagnosis, EUS findings can give hints regarding the nature of the submucous tumor (e.g. leiomyoma, lipoma, cyst). In 75% of cases malignant submucous tumors can be visualized and a correct preoperative staging can be performed. EUS is of special importance in the description of gastric carcinoma. The pT stage can be correctly determined preoperatively in about 80% (69-92%) of cases. Accompanying inflammation in early gastric cancer can lead to overstaging. The sensitivity for local lymph node metastases reaches about 77% (50-88%). Gastric non-Hodgkin lymphomas can be excellently visualized with EUS. The sensitivity amounts to 90-100% and in about 90% of cases the extent of the tumor can be correctly determined preoperatively. The response to radio-chemotherapy of gastric non-Hodgkin lymphomas can be monitored easily with the method. At the present time EUS is the most sensitive imaging tool in visualizing and staging of gastric tumors. Its main advantage is the exact demonstration of intramural and paragastric alterations. However, despite the use of high ultrasonic frequencies and the excellent demonstration of even tiny details with EUS, biopsies for histologic evaluation are still mandatory, especially when dealing with gastric ulcer.
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PMID:[Endosonography of stomach tumors]. 147 65

Ten cases of rare breast tumors are reported along with review of the literature. Three of the patients had cystosarcoma phylloides, one a primary carcinoid of the breast, two metastasis to the breast (bronchus carcinoma and carcinoma of the maxillary sinus), two malignant lymphoma and two Hodgkin lymphoma of the breast. We present a discussion of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures of breast tumors. Specially in rare breast tumors an exact histological diagnosis is important in order to avoid unnecessary surgical treatment and to guide further therapy.
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PMID:[Ten cases of rare breast tumors. Review and surgical management]. 152 30

Between 1985 and 1990, bi- or triclonal gammopathies were diagnosed in 6 patients (4 women and 2 men) aged 86-93 years. These gammopathies were diagnosed based on the existence of 2 or 3 monoclonal immunoglobulin peaks separated by immunoelectrophoresis of serum proteins (a technique using monospecific anti-gamma, -kappa and -lambda antisera, followed by immunofixation). The 2 biclonal gammopathies were associated with malignancies: on bronchial small cell carcinoma, the other colon cancer; both patients died soon after the discovery of their respective tumors. The 4 triclonal gammopathies had the following associations: 1 non-Hodgkin's large-cell lymphoma, 1 breast cancer with possible lymphoma and 2 severe inflammatory pathologies that we were unable to further identify; 3 patients in this group died. We present these data in light of the rarity of reported cases of bi- and triclonal gammopathies and the controversies surrounding their possible association with a malignant pathology.
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PMID:[Bi- and tri-clonal gammopathies and the elderly]. 153 Feb 26

The haematologic effects of radioimmunotherapy (RAIT) in cancer patients have been studied in order to better understand the aetiology of RAIT-associated myelosuppression. Evaluations were performed on patients treated with 131I-anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and 131I-LL2, a monoclonal antibody (MAb) reactive with non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma. Both groups of patients experienced decreases in WBC and platelets. Nadirs were observed 42-51 d post first injection in the lymphoma patients, and 49-66 d post first injection (30-43 d post high-dose therapeutic injection) in the carcinoma patients. Within the WBC population, B cells were the most radiosensitive. The evaluations of the binding of these MAbs to peripheral blood cells and the effect of RAIT on lymphocyte subpopulations indicated a drop of 26-92% in the percentage of B lymphocytes within 1 week following treatment with both 131I-LL2 and 131I-anti-CEA MAbs even though only LL2 binds to B cells. The percentage of T lymphocytes was not affected by the 131I-antibody treatments. These observations suggest that the marked drop in circulating B lymphocytes and platelets after the administration of radioiodinated antibodies is a nonspecific radiation effect, and not necessarily related to the binding of MAb to normal B cells. Thus, among WBCs, B cells are uniquely radiosensitive, and will be unusually affected by antibody-directed internal radiation.
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PMID:Haematological effects of radioimmunotherapy in cancer patients. 153 12

A 43-yr-old woman developed carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater 20 yr after being successfully treated for Hodgkin's disease with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Conditions related to the chronic effect of radiation, such as narrowing and fibrosis of abdominal tissue, hampered her diagnosis and treatment. After a total pancreatectomy to remove the carcinoma, the patient recovered. However, 15 months later, she developed severe digestive disturbances, adrenal insufficiency, pulmonary emboli, and vasculitis. She died the next month of sepsis and adult respiratory distress syndrome. Although her complications probably were related to residual effects from therapy and surgery, she had no clinical evidence of tumor recurrence.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the ampulla of vater after curative treatment for Hodgkin's disease. 153 76

The pattern of malignancies among indigenous Zambian children is described. The study, based upon an analysis of histopathology, autopsy and haematology records for a 10-year period (1980-1989), reveals a total of 525 neoplasms with a peak prevalence in the 5-9 year age group. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (17.5%) was the most common disorder followed by Burkitt's lymphoma (13.9%), retinoblastoma (11.4%), Kaposi's sarcoma (8.8%), Hodgkin's disease (5.9%), Wilms' tumour (5.9%), acute lymphocytic leukaemia (4%), rhabdomyosarcoma (3.4%), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (2.7%) and osteogenic sarcoma (2.1%). Kaposi's sarcoma and Hodgkin's disease revealed a significant male dominance; the former presented mainly in nodal form. Compared to an earlier report from Zambia (1968-1972), a significant increase in the incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma was noted in the present series.
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PMID:The pattern of paediatric malignancy in Zambia (1980-1989): a hospital-based histopathological study. 156 Apr 80

This prospective study was designed to determine the efficacy of iodized talc pleurodesis in patients with pleural effusions. Thirty-four patients underwent this treatment (three bilaterally) between October 1, 1989, and March 31, 1991. All patients had to have complete or nearly complete lung reexpansion after tube thoracostomy with fluid drainage less than 100 ml in 24 hours. A slurry containing 5 gm of talc and 3 gm of thymol iodide was instilled into the pleural space through the chest tube. Chest tubes were removed after complete reexpansion and clearing of the effusions, usually in 3 to 5 days. The patients' ages ranged from 26 to 88 years (average 50 years). Eighteen patients had lung carcinoma, two had mesothelioma, and one each had carcinoma of the ovary, breast, or anorectum, multiple myeloma, schwannoma, or Hodgkin's lymphoma. Two patients had an unknown adenocarcinoma primary and five other patients had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. One patient had congestive heart failure. Nineteen patients had left, 12 had right, and three had bilateral pleural effusions. The effusion was serosanguineous in 26 and serofibrinous in eight patients. Serial chest radiography showed complete response in all patients. The period of follow-up ranged from 1 to 21 (average 4.9) months, with no recurrences. Twenty-three patients have died during the follow-up period, and there was no sign that reaccumulated pleural effusion existed in any, despite clinical evidence of systemic tumor progression. These observations indicate that intrapleural instillation of a slurry of iodized talc is a safe, adequate, and effective treatment for control of neoplastic or benign pleural effusions.
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PMID:Iodized talc pleurodesis for the treatment of pleural effusions. 156 70

Gingival health and salivary gland function were evaluated for a period of 5 years in 14 patients who received head and neck irradiation for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (seven patients; total dose greater than 60 Gy, nasopharyngeal field) and Hodgkin's lymphoma (seven patients; total dose less than 50 Gy, "mantle" field). Plaque index (PII), bleeding index (BI), gingival recession (GR), whole saliva flow rate (WSFR), left parotid sialographic morphology, and salivary gland radioisotopic activity were assessed immediately before radiotherapy and annually thereafter. The nasopharyngeal group had perfect correlation between postradiation depression of WSFR and the sialographic and scintigraphic scores (R = -1.00 and -0.96, respectively). The degree of gland dysfunction correlated negatively with BI and the BI/PII ratio (r = -0.497) and with GR (r = 0.681). The same correlations were noted in the group with Hodgkin's lymphoma during the first 3 years of follow-up. However, recovery of parotid gland function (WSFR and scintigraphic scores) and morphology (sialographic scores) and return to the preradiation relation between WSFR and both BI/PII ratio (r = 0.75) and GR (r = -0.71) were noted in the fourth year. The differences between the nasopharyngeal and Hodgkin's lymphoma groups are attributable to the delineation of the radiation field employed in each group.
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PMID:Gingival health and salivary function in head and neck-irradiated patients. A five-year follow-up. 157 3

Synchronous thyroid and thymic malignancy following childhood thymic irradiation has only been reported in two known cases previously, with a third case identified here. A rationale is presented for following these radiated patients as they age with thyroglobulin and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels as a measure of risk of the development of nodular thyroid disease and, if such occurs, for an aggressive surgical approach. There exists a growing population at risk attributable to the success of radiation treatment of Hodgkin's and pediatric head and neck tumors. The question is raised regarding the theoretical benefits of thyroid suppressive therapy in this group at risk. With the instructive case presented, radical surgery for either thymic or thyroid carcinoma and careful monitoring for decades-late local recurrences of thymoma are suggested.
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PMID:Thyroid and thymic malignancy following childhood irradiation. 161 46

The fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology findings in 19 cases of hematopoietic and metastatic neoplasms that radiographically mimicked primary pancreatic carcinoma are reported. These cases represented 11% of 176 malignant diagnoses in a series of 304 pancreatic FNAs. The cytologic diagnoses included 7 non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, 2 Hodgkin's lymphomas, 6 small cell carcinomas (4 lung, 1 gallbladder, 1 skin), 3 squamous cell carcinomas (2 cervix, 1 esophagus) and 1 hepatocellular carcinoma. In six cases the pancreatic lesion was the initial presentation of malignant disease. These included five lymphomas, which probably involved peripancreatic lymph nodes, and a metastatic small cell carcinoma of pulmonary origin. Recognition of unusual morphologic features of pancreatic carcinoma raised the possibility of extrapancreatic malignancies. Electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry performed on FNA specimens were helpful in selected cases. The FNA diagnosis of hematopoietic and metastatic neoplasms that clinically mimic pancreatic carcinoma prompts appropriate clinical studies and treatment and eliminates the need for open pancreatic biopsy and/or resection.
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PMID:Fine needle aspiration of metastatic and hematologic malignancies clinically mimicking pancreatic carcinoma. 163 36


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