Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Between 1929 and September 1974, 211 children under 15 years of age with biopsy-proven Hodgkin's disease were treated at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. For analysis these patients were placed into three historical groups which displayed the most marked changes in diagnostic workup and therapy. They are as follows: Pre-1959-80 patients with "clinical" staging, local field radiation therapy, palliative chemotherapy; 1960-1969-86 patients with lymphangiographic staging, extended field radiation therapy, palliative chemotherapy; 1970-September 1974-45 patients with "contemporary" staging, including laparotomy, involved field radiation therapy, and/or multiple drug chemotherapy. Twenty-seven children with Stage IV disease at diagnosis or those with recurrent disease received this multiple drug regimen. This consisted of Adriamycin, followed by combined prednisone, procarbazine, and vincristine, then cyclophosphamide. Drug cycles were repeated every 3-4 months for a period of about 24 months. Twenty-five achieved remission, 20 complete and 5 partial. The median duration of complete remission was 18 plus months. This multidisciplinary management of Hodgkin's disease has shown early, encouraging results. Longer followup is needed to determine that this improvement in survival will persist into adulthood.
Cancer 1975 Mar
PMID:The changing management of childhood Hodgkin's disease. 4 84

Iodine-131-labeled immunospecific gamma globulin derived from immunization of rabbits with F antigen, a tumor associated antogen in Hodgkin's disease, has been utilized for intralymphatic infusion in a patient with known recurrent Hodgkin's disease inthe inguinofemoral and pelvic regions. Rectilinear scanning successfully delineatedthe tumor masses, and external monitoring showed retention of activity in the tumor sitesover an 8-day period.
Cancer 1975 Jun
PMID:Radionuclide immunoglobulin lymphangiography: a case report. 5 Jan 21

DNA-RNA hybridization was used to explore whether human neoplasias contain RNA molecules having sequence homologies to those of the RNA tumor viruses known to cause similar diseases in animals. The pattern of specific RNAs found in the human tumors showed a remarkable concordance with the predictions deducible from the animal systems. Thus human breast cancer contains RNA homologous only to that of the murine mammary tumor virus (MMTV). Human leukemias, sarcomas, and lymphomas (including Hodgkin's and Burkitt's) all contain RNA with sequence homology to the murine leukemia virus (RLV) and not to MMTV RNA. Finally, as in the case of the mouse, none of the human tumors examined contain RNA related in sequence to that of the avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV). The RNA detected in all of the human neoplasias was demonstrated to be of high molecular weight (1 times 10(7) daltons) and encapsulated with a reverse transcriptase in particles having densities between 1.16-1.19 g/ml. Further, the RNA of these human tumor particles was related in sequence to the murine viruses that cause the corresponding neoplasias in mice. Thus, 4 features diagnostic for the murine oncogenic viruses are satisfied by the particles found in the human cancers. Finally, it was shown by "recycling" experiments that the DNA from human leukemic cells and from lymphomatous tissue contained particle-related sequences that could not be detected in normal DNA. This finding was further substantiated by studies with identical twins in which it was shown that the leukemic twin contained particle-related sequences that could not be detected in the leukocytes of his identical healthy sibling. These findings are inconsistent with hypotheses that require chromosomal transmission in the germ line of complete copies of the information required to produce malignancy and the associated virus particles.
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PMID:Sequences related to the RNA tumor viruses in the RNA and DNA of human leukemias and lymphomas. 5 26

The results obtained with intensive chemotherapy and intensive chemotherapy plus radiotherapy in non-Hodgkin's lymphomata are reported. A quintuple drug regimen (mechloretamine, adriamycin, bleomycin, vincristine and prednisone) in histiocytic lymphomata (Stage III and IV) yielded complete remissions in 53% and complete plus partial remissions in 77%. These figures were 44% and 64% respectively in lymphocytic lymphoma. In Stage III complete responders after combination chemotherapy were subsequently irradiated (involved field irradiation). The median duration of complete remission after completion of radiotherapy was 9-5 months in histiocytic and 12-0 months in lymphocytic lymphomata. At 2 years actuarial survival in Stage III and IV was better in patients with the lymphocytic type and with nodular pattern than with histiocytic and diffuse patterns. A more recent trial compares, in Stage IV patients, cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone (CVP) versus adriamycin, bleomycin and prednisone (ABP). Although the number of evaluable patients is still limited, there appears to be no difference in the response rate between CVP and ABP. In Stages I and II, 6 cycles of CVP were given as adjuvant treatment after radiotherapy. At the present moment, there is no statistical difference in the relapse rate between the group of patients treated with radiotherapy alone and that with radiotherapy plus CVP.
Br J Cancer Suppl 1975 Mar
PMID:Combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy in non-Hodgkin's lymphomata. 5 67

Patients presenting with Stage III or IV non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma were given chemotherapy; about 20% complete remission was obtained for both stages. The addition of radiotherapy increased the incidence to 70% in Stage III patients. The duration of first complete remission was longer for Stage III (25% of the patients are still in first remission at 7 years) than for Stage IV (0%). The survival was longer for nodular lymphosarcoma patients (25% are alive at 7 years for Stages III and IV) than for diffuse lymphosarcomata and reticulosarcomata (10%). Among the new drugs, VM 26 is able to produce a good frequency of remission in patients in relapse.
Br J Cancer Suppl 1975 Mar
PMID:Non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomata in adults: chemo-radiotherapy in stages III and IV. 5 69

A preliminary survey has been carried out to test the feasibility of screening a high-risk group of women for breast cancer, using clinical examination and low-dose mammography, before the establishment of a two-tier screening system of basic well-woman clinics for the over-25s, and breast screening clinics for those over-35s considered to have a higher than average expectation of developing the disease. 7 breast cancers and 1 case of Hodgkin's disease were detected in 618 women (breast cancers 11-3/1000, malignancies 12-9/1000). Though numbers are small they suggest that the women themselves do not suspect the presence of those breast cancers which carry the best prognosis, though being aware of the larger cancers and of many of those benign localised breast lesions requiring surgical treatment.
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PMID:Selective screening for breast cancer in Guildford. 5 84

Peripheral blood T and B lymphocytes were quantitated in 42 patients with untreated Hodgkin's disease and the results compared with the response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation and delayed hypersensitivity skin testing. T lymphocytes were identified by an in vitro cytotoxicity assay employing a specific anti-T-cell serum and by spontaneous rosette formation with sheep erythrocytes (E rosettes). The percentage of T cells in the patients was similar to that of normal subjects as judged by the cytotoxicity assay (65 to 90%). In addition, absolute T-lymphocyte counts were normal in 63% of the patients and were generally reduced only in those with lymphopenia. The percentage of T lymphocytes determined by the E-rosette assay was similar to that determined by the cytotoxicity assay in normal controls, but was significantly lower than that determined by the cytotoxicity assay in the patients. Moreover, the decreased response to PHA stimulation in the patients was directly correlated with the decrease in E-rosette formation. These findings suggest that T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood are not generally diminished in untreated Hodgkin's disease. However, a proportion of these cells exhibits altered surface interactions that may account for some aspects of their impaired immunologic function.
Cancer 1975 Jul
PMID:Quantitation of T and B lymphocytes and cellular immune function in Hodgkin's disease. 5 8

This paper reports the preliminary results of a controlled study randomizing MOPP vs. a new four-drug combination (ABVD) in advanced Hodgkin's disease. ABVD consists of 6 cycles of adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and imidazole carboxamide. The purpose for designing this new combination was two-fold: to compare the efficacy of ABVD with MOPP, and to demonstrate absence of cross-resistance between the two regimens. Of 60 patients entered into the study, 45 (MOPP25, ABVD20) are presently evaluable for the analysis of remission induction. No patient was previously treated with chemotherapy; 20% had relapsed after primary radiotherapy. Whenever possible, complete remission was defined also through rebiopsy of known organ involvement. Complete remission occurred in 76% of patients treated with MOPP and in 75% of those given ABVD, with no difference between the two regimens as far as stage (IIIB-IIIS and IV), histologic type, and prior irradiation were concerned. Crossover carried out for progressive disease or for relapse after initial remission showed absence of cross-resistance between MOPP and ABVD. Toxic manifestations after ABVD were in general well tolerated and reversible. The percent of optimal dose for each drug was as follows: adriamycin 87%, vinblastine 87%, bleomycin 96%, and imidazole carboxamide 96%. These preliminary results indicate that in terms of complete remission, ABVD could represent a successful alternative to MOPP to be used either in MOPP failures or in sequential combination with MOPP. However, the lack of long-term followup limits at the present time an adequate comparison between the two treatments.
Cancer 1975 Jul
PMID:Combination chemotherapy of Hodgkin's disease with adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and imidazole carboxamide versus MOPP. 5 9

Tumor-seeking radiopharmaceuticals have been employed in the diagnosis of primary neoplasms, in the detection of distant disease, particularly in the localization of tumor foci to facilitate biopsies and the planning of radiation portals, and in assessing the response to tumor therapy. At the present, there is no ideal tumor-scanning agent. However, several approaches appear to be useful and offer promise for further study. The greatest experience has been with Gallium-67, which has major utility in the staging of Hodgkin's disease, in the diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma, in the detection of certain metastatic brain tumors, in the identification of recurrent disease, and in the noninvasive diagnosis of leukemic complications. A number of radiolabeled antibiotic and chemotherapeutic agents have shown promise, including tetracycline and bleomycin. A major drawback, however, of these agents which is shared with Gallium-67 is that they appear to be sequestered by inflammatory as well as neoplastic tissue. A most intriguing approach is the use of radiolabeled antibodies to tumor-associated antigens. Animal and clinical experiments have employed antifibrin, antifibrinogen, anticarcinoembryonic antigen, and antiferritin. Theoretically, agents such as these should allow for greater tumor specificity.
Cancer 1976 Jan
PMID:The radionuclide identification of tumors. 5 2

Antiserum was generated in rabbits to the RPMI 8226 tissue culture line of human myeloma cells, and its reactions with fixed smears of bone marrow aspirates from patients with multiple myeloma, macroglobulinemia, benign monoclonal gammopathy (BMG), leukemia, and nonneoplastic plasmacyosis was assessed by indirect immunofluorescence. After absorption with preparations of bone marrow from normal individuals, the antiserum reacted to a significantly higher titer with a specific subpopulation of plasma cells in smears from 81% of patients having multiple myeloma and 50% of patients having BMG than with cells in smears of bone marrow aspirates from normal individuals or patients having leukemia or nonneoplastic plasmacytosis, or than with cells in smears of peripheral blood from patients having Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Absorption of the antiserum with RPMI 8226 cells or with a bone marrow preparation from a patient with multiple myeloma but not the Jijoye line of Burkitt's lymphoma reduced reactivity for cells in myeloma bone marrow. The antiserum reacted at a lower titer with the Jijoye and EB-3 lines of Burkitt's lymphoma, the RPMI 4098 cell line of normal human lymphocytes, and culture lines of human melanoma and osteogenic sarcoma than with the RPMI 8226 cells or bone marrow from certain patients having multiple myeloma. Approximately 50% of the cells reactive with antiserum to RPMI 8226 cells in the bone marrow of patients with multiple myeloma were not producing immunoglobulin, as assessed by double immunofluorescence assay. The data suggested that a subpopulation of plasma cells in the bone marrow of patients with multiple myeloma possesses a tumor-associated antigen.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1976 Apr
PMID:Tumor-associated antigens in human myeloma. 5 51


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