Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pesticide exposure has been associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) risk in a number of studies, and two recent studies suggest that the increased risk may be confined to those with a history of asthma. We examined the interaction between occupational pesticide exposure and atopy on risk of NHL in an Australian population-based case-control study. Incident cases (n = 694) were diagnosed in New South Wales or the Australian Capital Territory between 2000 and 2001 and controls (n = 694) were randomly selected from electoral rolls and frequency-matched to cases by age, sex and state of residence. Occupational pesticide exposure was determined by an expert occupational hygienist's assessment of job-specific questionnaires administered by telephone. History of atopy (asthma, hay fever, eczema and food allergy) was self-reported. Logistic regression models included the three matching variables, ethnicity and sun exposure. The OR for NHL with substantial pesticide exposure and any history of asthma was 3.07 (95% CI 0.55-17.10) and with substantial pesticide exposure and no asthma history it was 4.23 (95% CI 1.76-10.16). The p-value for interaction was 0.29. A similar pattern of risk was observed for each of the pesticide subtypes; for asthma at various times of life; for hay fever, eczema, food allergy and any atopy, in men only and for follicular lymphomas only. Although this study had limited power, the findings do not suggest modification of the association between pesticide exposure and NHL risk by asthma or atopic disease more generally.
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PMID:Atopy, exposure to pesticides and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. 1729 Mar 90

During the last two decades or so, the incidence of fungal infections has increased dramatically. Deep- seated mycoses are creating serious problems for clinicians working with certain populations of patients, such as those with cancer, the immunocompromised, and physiologically compromised.A study of fungal isolated for identification of deep fungal infections, risk factors and etiologic agents in immunocompromised patients was carried out in the section of Medical Mycology, Pasteur Institute of Iran from 1994 to 2001. Seventy one immunosuppressed patients with deep fungal infection were retrospectively analyzed for etiology and risk factors. They had one or more predisposing factors to disseminated fungal infections. Diagnosis was established by demonstration of fungus in direct and cultural examinations. Candida spp. were isolated in 70.4% (39.4% C. albicans and 30.9% non-albincans), and Aspergillus spp. were isolated in 14.1% of cases. The most frequent risk factors were hematologic malignancy (ALL, lymphoma, Hodgkin, multiple myeloma) and diabetes mellitus. This study suggests that in immunocompromised patients, fungal infections especially in saprophytic infections, background evaluation and clinical features, correspondence of clinical symptoms and laboratory examinations should be considered and investigation of other factors which created the infection will lead us to a clear picture of patients' situation.
Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2005 Mar
PMID:Deep-seated fungal infections in immunocompromised patients in iran. 1730 20

This review examines the association between disorders of immunity, including immune deficiency, atopy, and autoimmune disease, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Immune deficiency is one of the strongest known risk factors for NHL. Risk is increased whether the immune deficiency is congenital, iatrogenic, or acquired. Risk of NHL increases with degree of immune deficiency, and there is no evidence of a threshold. In the profoundly immune deficient, NHL is frequently caused by infection with the ubiquitous EBV. Whether mild, subclinical immune deficiency is related to increased NHL risk is unknown. There is inconsistent evidence that atopic conditions, such as asthma, hayfever, and eczema, characterized by an immune response that is skewed toward Th2, are associated with a decreased risk of NHL. These data come mainly from case-control studies. Concern has been expressed that the association may be due to reverse causality if early symptoms of NHL include a lessening of atopic manifestations. Case-control and cohort studies of people with autoimmune conditions have generally shown that rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosis, and Sjogren's disease are associated with increased NHL risk. It seems to be the intensity of the inflammatory disease rather than its treatment which is related to increased risk of NHL. The study of altered immunity as a cause of NHL in case-control studies is limited by the fact that development of NHL in itself leads to altered immunity. Cohort studies of the role of altered immunity should be a top priority in epidemiologic studies of NHL etiology.
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PMID:Altered immunity as a risk factor for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. 1733 43

Many viral infections reach clinical significance in winter, when it is cold, relative humidity is lowest and vitamin D production from solar ultraviolet-B irradiation is at its nadir. Several autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes mellitus and asthma, are linked to viral infections. Vitamin D, through induction of cathelicidin, which effectively combats both bacterial and viral infections, may reduce the risk of several autoimmune diseases and cancers by reducing the development of viral infections. Some types of cancer are also linked to viral infections. The cancers with seemingly important risk from viral infections important in winter, based on correlations with increasing latitude in the United States, an index of wintertime solar ultraviolet-B dose and vitamin D, are bladder, prostate, testicular and thyroid cancer, Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and, perhaps, gastric cancer. The evidence examined includes the role of viruses in the etiology of these diseases, the geographic and seasonal variation of these diseases, and the time of life when vitamin D is effective in reducing the risk of disease. In general, the evidence supports the hypothesis. However, further work is required to evaluate this hypothesis.
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PMID:Hypothesis--ultraviolet-B irradiance and vitamin D reduce the risk of viral infections and thus their sequelae, including autoimmune diseases and some cancers. 1843 23

Primary tracheal non-Hodgkin lymphoma is an extremely rare entity without consensus management strategy. We present a case of primary tracheal lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma masquerading as asthma with wheezing and progressive dyspnea. A patented nitinol mesh stent was implanted in the right lateral cervical region 3 weeks before tumor resection. After 5.5-cm-long segmental tracheal resection, a neotracheal tube was constructed with cervical myocutaneous flap sandwiched around the implanted mesh stent, which was then anastomosed with the residual of the patient's trachea. The patient has been well for 30 months.
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PMID:Two-stage tracheal reconstruction of primary tracheal non-Hodgkin lymphoma with nitinol mesh stent and cervical myocutaneous flap. 1829 Nov 44

Hodgkin's disease (HD) represents a group of lymphomas with distinct clinical and histopathological features that account for approximately 5% of cancers in patients who are <15 years old and approximately 15% in patients who are 15-19 years old. Although the cause of HD is unknown, serologically confirmed infectious mononucleosis has been associated with an increased risk of HD, in addition to its known association with Burkitt's lymphoma. The Reed-Sternberg (RS) cell, a large and multinucleated cell with unique morphology, is the hallmark cell of HD. RS cells are clonal tumor cells that recently have been shown to be derived from B cells originating from germinal centers. Of four histological subtypes of HD, three have a good to excellent prognosis when recognized and treated early. We report a case of HD in a 15-year-old adolescent with a 14-month history of recurrent pneumonia. Open lung biopsy ultimately led to the diagnosis of HD. Although uncommon in this age group, the need to consider the possibility of neoplasm in the setting of recurrent respiratory infection is illustrated in this case. Early diagnosis and intervention may determine the prognosis of such neoplasms.
Allergy Asthma Proc
PMID:A 15-year-old girl with recurrent pneumonia. 1830 44

Lymphomatous involvement of the airway causing stridor is a rare but frightening presentation of an eminently treatable condition. We describe a 24-year-old woman with tracheal non-Hodgkin lymphoma who was initially diagnosed with asthma, but subsequently presented with near-fatal acute upper airway obstruction because of a tracheal Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK)+ anaplastic T-cell lymphoma. The obstructing tumor was extricated by means of rigid bronchoscopy. After six cycles of Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, Prednisolone chemotherapy, the patient went into complete clinical remission. A high index of suspicion in patients with dyspnoea and wheeze unresponsive to bronchodilators is crucial in early diagnosis of tracheal tumors.
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PMID:Primary tracheal lymphoma causing respiratory failure. 1867 Mar 14

This mini-review is focused on the enzyme 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LO-1) and eoxins in airway inflammatory diseases and Hodgkin lymphoma. Several studies have demonstrated increased expression and activity of 15-LO-1 in the respiratory tissue from asthma patients , indicating a pathophysiological role of this enzyme in airway inflammation. Eoxins were recently identified as pro-inflammatory metabolites of arachidonic acid, formed through the 15-LO-1 pathway, in human eosinophils, mast cells, airway epithelial cells and Hodgkin lymphoma. Mice deficient of 12/15-LO, the ortholog to human 15-LO-1, had an attenuated allergic airway inflammation compared to wild type controls, also indicating a pathophysiological role of this enzyme in respiratory inflammation. The putative therapeutic implications of 15-LO-1 inhibitors in the treatment of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder and Hodgkin lymphoma are discussed.
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PMID:On the biosynthesis and biological role of eoxins and 15-lipoxygenase-1 in airway inflammation and Hodgkin lymphoma. 1913 Aug 94

Eosinophils are associated with various disorders, such as allergic or hypersensitivity reactions, parasitic diseases, connective tissue diseases, certain neoplastic diseases (Hodgkin's disease, lymphomas, and carcinomas), and various immune deficiency states. Eosinophils can infiltrate any tissue and can cause tissue damage. Heart, has been demonstrated to be the most extensively involved and toxicity of eosinophils is well-established on cardiac tissue. We describe 3 cases with extensive eosinophilic infiltration without endomyocardial fibrosis. All patients died after a short clinical course with rapidly progressive heart failure. Bronchial asthma, hydatid disease and drug reaction were considered as possible etiologies of eosinophilia in case 1 and case 2. Case 3 was considered to fall into the "idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome" in which no underlying causes for eosinophilia could be identified.
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PMID:Sudden death due to eosinophilic endomyocardial diseases: three case reports. 1925 26

Severe immune dysfunction is an established risk factor of lymphoma, but the role of moderate alterations of immunity is not clear and prospective investigations are needed. We examined several immune-related disorders and medications in relation to non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in the Multiethnic Cohort. Over 215,000 subjects of African American, Caucasian, Japanese American, Latino and Native Hawaiian ancestry aged 45-75 years completed a questionnaire, including information on medical history, in 1993-1996. After exclusions, we performed Cox regression among 193,050 cohort members including 939 incident NHL cases while adjusting for sex, age, ethnicity, education, body mass index and alcohol intake. Self-reported diabetes was not associated with NHL overall, but was positively associated with risk among Japanese Americans [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.55; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10-2.17]. Participants with a history of blood transfusion were at increased risk with HR = 1.39 (95% CI: 1.06-1.84) in men and HR = 1.22 (95% CI: 0.94-1.58) in women, especially for the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma subtype. History of asthma or other allergies was associated with elevated risk only among Latinos (HR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.07-2.00) who also showed a significant relation between current use of antihistamines and NHL (HR = 1.80; 95% CI: 1.09-2.97). Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was not associated with NHL. Our findings from this large prospective study support a moderate risk for NHL related to blood transfusions, current long-term antihistamine use and diabetes, but the associations were limited to certain ethnic groups and require further replications.
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PMID:Common immune-related risk factors and incident non-Hodgkin lymphoma: the multiethnic cohort. 1944 13


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