Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty-six consecutive patients with cancer who met the classical criteria for fever of unexplained origin (FUO) were identified. A total of 18 patients had infections including all 12 with leukemia, four of 12 with Hodgkin's disease, and two with solid tumors. Fungal infections were found in nine: histoplasmosis, three; candidiasis, three; and aspergillosis, systemic sporotrichosis, or cryptococcal meningitis, one each. Six patients had unresolved pyogenic infections and one had tuberculous pericarditis. Two others had viral etiologies. Granulocytopenia was significantly more common in the FUO patients with documented infections. Clinical or laboratory abnormalities suggesting involvement of a specific organ or organ system provided important clues indicating infections. Morphological examination of biopsy specimens, with cultures, was the best method for diagnosis. In 18 patients, 12 with lymphomas and 6 with solid tumors, only the neoplasm appeared responsible for the fever. In these patients there was a paucity of abnormalities indicating organ system involvement with infection. Regardless, physicians' diagnostic efforts should not be deterred in such patients. Repeated thorough evaluations for infection are warranted.
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PMID:Infections or neoplasm as causes of prolonged fever in cancer patients. 106 64

1053 autopsies were performed during the period from 1976 to 1990 in patients with leukaemia and malignant lymphomas. At autopsy 184 of these (17.4%) presented with deep-seated mycoses. There was an increasing percentage of mycoses per year with a maximum of 30% in 1990. Today deep-seated mycoses are the most frequent lethal complication in haematologic neoplasias. As expected their number was especially high in patients with acute leukaemia but in recent years they were nearly just as frequent in myeloproliferative disorders. Among Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) they were twice as frequent in low-grade cases as in high-grade cases possibly due to a different extent of bone marrow infiltration. In contrast to former years more aspergillosis than Candida infections are found, probably as a result of antimycotic therapy.
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PMID:[Autopsy results of deep mycoses in hematologic neoplasms (1053 patients]. 181 57

The authors retrospectively reviewed computed tomographic (CT) scans of 18 patients who developed 21 episodes of intrathoracic complications after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Pathologic and/or microbiologic diagnoses were available for all patients. All patients were immunocompromised due to either graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), neutropenia, or recurrent malignancy after BMT. CT demonstrated diagnostically relevant findings that were not apparent at radiography in 12 of the 21 cases (57%). These included a ground-glass pattern in early pneumonia (n = 5); a peripheral distribution in GVHD, bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia, and eosinophilic drug reaction (n = 4); cavitating lesions in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (n = 1); hemorrhagic infarcts in aspergillosis (n = 1); and mediastinal adenopathy in recurrent Hodgkin disease (n = 1). The authors conclude that chest CT is superior to radiography in demonstrating the presence, distribution, and extent of intrathoracic complications developing in patients after allogeneic BMT. CT is useful in guiding procedures for tissue diagnosis.
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PMID:Intrathoracic complications following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: CT findings. 188 25

We reviewed records of patients with hematologic malignancy requiring mechanical ventilation (MV) from 1976 to 1985 (excluding postoperative MV less than 48 hours). There were 119 episodes in 116 patients. In-hospital mortality was 82 percent. Of 21 (18 percent) episodes survived, median duration of survival was 12 months. Survivors did not differ from nonsurvivors in age, leukocyte count, or duration of MV. Survival for chronic lymphocytic leukemia was 42 percent, for other leukemias 16 percent, Hodgkin's disease 29 percent, and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, 6 percent. Bronchoscopy was performed in 28 patients, resulting in a diagnosis of infection, hemorrhage, or malignancy in 19 cases. Open lung biopsy (OLB) was obtained in 23 patients, yielding a diagnosis of interstitial inflammation or fibrosis (13 cases), drug effect (three), malignancy (two), hemorrhage (one), Pneumocystis (seven), aspergillosis (two), and Legionella (one). Only two patients survived following OLB. Despite intensive management and adequate diagnosis, respiratory failure in patients with hematologic malignancy carries a high mortality. Although these data may help identify groups with a limited prognosis for long-term recovery, patient care must be individualized.
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PMID:Outcome of respiratory failure in hematologic malignancy. 338 63

Four patients with aspergillosis of the central nervous system collected in less than two years are reported. Three patients had hematologic malignancies (acute myelogenous leukemia, Hodgkin's disease) and were treated with corticosteroids and chemotherapy. One patient received antimicrobial agents fort a post operative meningitis (after acoustic neuroma surgery). Analysis of these cases and review of literature available us to point out the increased frequency of invasive and cerebral aspergillosis particularly in immunocompromised hosts treated by cytotoxic drugs or broad spectrum antibiotic therapy. Diagnosis is very difficult because: --there are non specific radiologic features for aspergillus granuloma, abscess, aneurysm or meningitis, --blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures are invariably negative, --serologic tests have limited value in immunosuppressed patients (poor capacity to elaborate antibodies). Diagnosis can be made only by surgical biopsy who isolate fungal elements. However diagnosis in greatest cases is only made at autopsy. Treatment consist by antifungal drugs administered intravenously and surgery when it is possible. Prognosis of cerebral aspergillosis is very poor and mortality rate very high about 70%.
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PMID:[Cerebral aspergillosis. Apropos of 4 cases]. 360 Sep 44

A 54-year-old woman had been treated 26 years previously for Hodgkin's disease. Eight months before presentation, the disease had recurred and the patient had received cytotoxic drugs and steroids. She presented with loss of vision of the right eye and died 5 months later from extensive subarachnoid hemorrhage. Postmortem examination revealed an aspergillus abscess of the ethmoid sinus, extending to the right frontal lobe and optic nerve, and to the wall of the right internal carotid artery (ICA). Death was due to rupture of the ICA. Such a presentation of aspergillosis is unusual. Three cases of aspergillus arteritis causing rupture of the ICA have been reported previously.
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PMID:Aspergillosis of ethmoid sinus and optic nerve, with arteritis and rupture of the internal carotid artery. 362 61

Of 590 autopsies during the period 1976 to 1983 in patients with leukaemia and malignant lymphomas there were 89 cases (15%) involving deep-seated mycoses. In the last three years the frequency of mycotic infections has risen considerably even though effective drugs are available today. The increase occurred particularly in acute leukaemias but was also found in chronic myelogenous leukaemias and in cases with high-malignancy non-Hodgkin lymphomas. An opportunistic fungal infection in Hodgkin's disease and in patients with plasmocytoma was rare. Candidosis and aspergillosis predominated histologically. About 70% of deep-seated mycoses were severe infections having a decisive influence on the course of the disease. On the basis of this retrospective analysis it can be concluded that the occurrence of mycoses is influenced, first and foremost, by 3 factors: 1. The antineoplastic therapy 2. The nature of the underlying disease 3. The intensity of the supportive measures.
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PMID:[Deep mycoses in leukemias and malignant lymphomas]. 399 33

Sixty-four fiberoptic bronchoscopic examinations were performed for 58 patients with Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and radiographically evident pulmonary abnormalities. Diagnoses were obtained in 23 cases (36%). Examination of 12 lung biopsy specimens showed lymphoma and one, squamous cell carcinoma. Six patients had pneumocystis carinii; 2, aspergillosis; 1 cryptococcosis; and 1, herpes simplex infection. It is recommended that fiberoptic bronchoscopy be the first invasive procedure employed in the evaluation of pulmonary parenchymal abnormalities in patients with Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
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PMID:Fiberoptic bronchoscopy in patient with Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. 741 47

Invasive Aspergillus infection is still a major problem in immunocompromised patients. A central venous catheter infection by Aspergillus fumigatus, however, has not yet been reported. We describe the case of a 10-year-old female patient with B-type non-Hodgkin lymphoma treated according to the German chemotherapy protocol NHL-BFM 90. Isolation of Aspergillus fumigatus from the blood was the first hint of invasive aspergillosis. A central venous catheter-associated infection was suggested, since Aspergillus was also isolated from the thrombotic tip of the removed catheter. Secondary pulmonary aspergillosis was documented radiologically. The patient was treated successfully by Ampho-thericin B and Itraconazol and explantation of the central venous catheter under conditions of complete hematopoietic regeneration of the bone marrow with omission of the final chemotherapeutic cycle.
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PMID:Central venous catheter infection by Aspergillus fumigatus in a patient with B-type non-Hodgkin lymphoma. 870 1

Invasive mould infection, e. g. aspergillosis in the first place, is a common infection in immunocompromised patients. The diagnosis of invasive mould infection is difficult in the absence of confirmation by tissue biopsy and histological studies. Therefore, prevalence of invasive mould infections at the School of Medicine of the Leipzig University between 1992 and 1994 was investigated. The diagnosis of invasive mould infection was suspected on clinical, mycological, and radiological findings. The definitive diagnosis was obtained by identification of characteristic mould hyphae on stained smears, and/or positive culture, and/or the detection of Aspergillus antigen (Pastorex) in serum, bronchial secretion, or bronchoalveolar fluid, and confirmed by histopathology. In altogether 21 patients the definitive diagnosis invasive mould infection was recorded, among them 20 invasive aspergilloses. Underlying diseases were leukaemia (n = 11), aplastic anaemia (n = 2), non-Hodgkin-lymphoma (n = 1), systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 1), kidney transplantation (n = 1), peritonitis after Billroth II anastomosis (n = 1), Polymyalgia rheumatica (n = 1), AIDS plus Burkitt lymphoma (n = 1), glioblastoma (n = 1), and subarachnoid haemorrhage (n = 1). As causative fungi were isolated: Aspergillus fumigatus (n = 13), Aspergillus terreus (n = 1), Aspergillus flavus as rare simultaneous injection with the basidiomycete Coprinus spec. in a leukaemic patient (n = 1), and the dematiaceous fungus Scedosporium prolificans in an AIDS patient with Burkitt lymphoma (n = 1). In four patients the invasive mould infection was confirmed histopathologically without isolation and differentiation of the causative agent. Nineteen of the 21 patients with invasive mould infections died corresponding to a mortality rate of 90%.
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PMID:[Invasive mold infections in the university clinics of Leipzig in the period from 1992-1994]. 876 81


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