Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A murine monoclonal antibody, termed HeFi-1, was produced after immunization with the L428 Hodgkin's disease tissue culture cell line. HeFi-1 selectively stained only the Reed-Sternberg or Hodgkin's cells in 18 of 18 cases of Hodgkin's disease, including the nodular sclerosis, mixed cellularity, and lymphocyte-depleted histologic subtypes. HeFi-1 did not stain any cells in normal lung, brain, salivary gland, thyroid, gall bladder, pancreas, liver, testis, breast, endometrium, or kidney. Rare large cells at the edge of the lymphoid follicles were stained in normal tonsil, colon, and hyperplastic thymus. There was no staining of any cells in 14 cases of B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; however, the malignant cells in three of 11 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma which appeared to express T cell markers were also stained with HeFi-1. Tissue culture cell lines including the T cell acute lymphocytic leukemia lines MOLT4 and CEM, the histiocytic cell line U-937, and the amniotic cell line WISH were not stained. Seven Epstein Barr virus (EBV)-positive lymphoblastoid cell lines were stained with HeFi-1, but there was no staining of three EBV+ African Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines or three EBV- American Burkitt's cell lines. HeFi-1 did not block the ability of the L428 cells to stimulate a mixed lymphocyte reaction or function as accessory cells for mitogen-induced human T cell proliferative responses. Modulation of the HeFi-1 cell surface antigen on the L428 cells was not observed. HeFi-1 specifically immunoprecipitated a cell surface protein of approximately 120,000 daltons from both the L428 and EBV+ lymphoblastoid cell lines. HeFi-1 monoclonal antibody should prove useful not only in the diagnosis, staging, and potential therapy of Hodgkin's disease, but also for determining the cell of origin of the Reed-Sternberg cell.
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PMID:Production and characterization of a monoclonal antibody that binds Reed-Sternberg cells. 315 56

A monoclonal antibody, designated BM-1, which is reactive in B5 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues, has been generated against a cytoplasmic and nuclear antigen expressed in human myeloid precursor cells and derived leukemias. Using the avidin-biotin-complex immunoperoxidase procedure, BM-1 was found to stain selectively myeloid precursor cells in normal bone marrow and mature granulocytes in the blood. In a screen of 26 normal adult and fetal human organs fixed in B5 formalin, BM-1 was negative in all nonhematopoietic tissues with the exception of tissue granulocytes and scattered cells in the peripheral cortex of the thymus. Likewise a screen of 30 solid tumor cell lines including a spectrum of carcinomas, sarcomas, and neural-derived tumors was negative. BM-1 was also negative with 21 T and B cell lymphomas and 11 Hodgkin's disease tumors. A preliminary study of tumors of the hematopoietic system revealed that BM-1 was reactive with M2 and M3 acute myelogenous leukemias (AML), chronic myelogenous leukemias (CML) and myelomonocytic leukemias, and granulocytic sarcomas. M1, M4, M5, and M6 AML clot preparations were negative in this study, indicating that BM-1 may have a role in the histopathologic diagnosis of myelogenous leukemia. Myeloid leukemic cell lines HL-60, ML-2, KG1, and TPH-1-O showed BM-1 nuclear and/or cytoplasmic reactivity in a subpopulation of cells, but erythroid and lymphoid leukemias and all lymphoma cell lines were negative. Immunoperoxidase studies of a panel of fetal tissues showed BM-1 positive cells in the peripheral cortex of the thymus and portal myelopoietic regions of the liver at 18 weeks gestation. Finally, DNA-cellulose and solid phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) techniques developed in our laboratory demonstrate that the BM-1 antigenic domain is reactive only after binding to eukaryotic but not prokaryotic single- or double-stranded DNA. Immunoblot techniques using a DNA-cellulose purified protein sample revealed that BM-1 recognizes a 183 kD protein. These studies indicate that BM-1 is recognizing a myeloid-specific antigen that, because of its DNA binding characteristics, may have an important role in the differentiation of myeloid cells at the molecular level.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical characterization of a 183 KD myeloid-specific-DNA-binding protein in B5 fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues, and bone marrow aspirates by monoclonal antibody BM-1. 330 47

We report a 14-year-old patient referred to us because of chest pain. A huge upper anterior mediastinal mass with several cystic spaces within it was found and resected. Pathologic diagnosis was nodular sclerosis Hodgkin's disease of the thymus. Radiotherapy was started after accurate surgical staging, and the patient remains free of disease 24 months later. Cavitation of the gland in Hodgkin's disease of the thymus should be taken into consideration when dealing with upper anterior mediastinal cystic masses in children. Surgery is probably unavoidable in this group of patients and, interestingly, can account in part for the relatively good prognosis in this localized form of the disease.
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PMID:Hodgkin's disease of the thymus: a rare mediastinal cystic mass. 332 56

The computed tomography (CT) scans in two groups of patients with Hodgkin disease were reviewed to determine the frequency of thymic enlargement. In 50 CT scans from 50 patients with evidence of thoracic disease on CT scans who were examined for primary staging, the thymus was enlarged in 15 of 50 (30%). Fifty CT scans were obtained from 44 patients at the time of 50 separate episodes of known or suspected relapse. Relapse occurred in the mediastinum in 12 episodes, lung parenchyma in five, and both sites in one. Thymic enlargement thought to be due to involvement by disease was present in seven of 18 (38%). Mediastinal disease was associated with thymic enlargement in all but one patient in whom a thymic cyst developed after radiation therapy. Differentiation of thymic enlargement from enlarged superior mediastinal lymph nodes was easily made in all but two patients. Thymic enlargement in the absence of lymph node enlargement may indicate a different disease, since isolated Hodgkin disease of the thymus is uncommon. Primary thymic tumor should be considered initially, whereas after treatment, rebound hyperplasia of the thymus may be the cause of enlargement.
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PMID:Hodgkin disease: CT of the thymus. 336 20

Controversy surrounds the management of a residual chest mass in patients treated for Hodgkin's disease. Between 1971 and 1985, we treated 22 children, aged 7-18 years, with pathologically proven Hodgkin's disease. Nine had radiographic evidence of mediastinal and/or pulmonary involvement. Following treatment, a residual or new chest mass occurred in three patients, prompting surgical exploration. No histologic subtype of Hodgkin's disease predominated in this group. Two patients had received radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and one had received chemotherapy alone. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), uniformly elevated at diagnosis, was normal prior to surgery in all three patients. Gallium scans, also uniformly positive at diagnosis, were negative in two patients but positive in a third, suggesting possible relapse. At operation, however, no patient had recurrent Hodgkin's disease. Pathologic findings were thymic fibrosis, mediastinal pseudocyst, and normal thymus, respectively. We conclude that a chest mass following treatment for Hodgkin's disease may be benign, particularly if disease markers such as ESR have normalized. Moreover, a positive gallium scan does not necessarily indicate recurrent Hodgkin's disease. Although surgical exploration is a prudent policy when there is persistent evidence of residual or recurrent chest mass, our experience suggests that immediate exploration is not mandatory and may be deferred for a period of close continued observation.
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PMID:Residual or recurrent chest mass in pediatric Hodgkin's disease. A surgical problem? 343 77

The cells from 87 leukemia-lymphoma cell lines, 14 B-lymphoblastoid cell lines, 459 cases of leukemia-lymphoma, normal specimens, 22 leukemia-lymphoma cell lines treated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) and 14 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) treated with TPA were analyzed for the expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TracP) isoenzyme separated by isoelectric focusing. The TracP isoenzyme was seen in the following leukemia-lymphoma cell lines: 4 of 30 T-cell, 2 of 35 B-cell, 1 of 6 non-T/non-B-cell, 1 of 8 myelomonocytic, 3 of 4 erythroleukemia, and 3 of 4 Hodgkin's disease-derived cell lines. The expression of the TracP band could be induced by treatment with TPA in 3 myelomonocytic leukemia cell lines. Among the different types of leukemia-lymphoma cells freshly obtained from patients, the TracP isoenzyme was detected at a high incidence in cases of B-CLL, hairy cell leukemia (HCL), and B-lymphoma. Of the myeloid leukemias, 10% to 20% displayed the TracP isoenzyme. TracP positivity was detected in the peripheral blood, tonsil, bone marrow, spleen, and liver obtained from healthy donors, but not in the thymus. The expression of the TracP band could be newly induced by TPA in cases of CLL and in cases of CML. It is concluded that TracP activity is not specific for HCL, but is found at high incidences in cases of HCL, B-CLL and B-lymphoma. The TracP isoenzyme is not expressed by very immature lymphoid leukemia cells, but by cells arrested at later stages of differentiation of the T- or B-cell lineage, and by some myeloid cells.
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PMID:Occurrence of particular isoenzymes in fresh and cultured leukemia-lymphoma cells. I. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoenzyme. 348 68

Twenty-nine consecutive patients 2-35 years old underwent serial thoracic CT evaluations for metastatic disease. Thymic volumes were determined for each patient during cycles of chemotherapy and were compared with the patient's clinical status. This group included patients with Hodgkin's disease (13 patients), osteogenic sarcoma (five), testicular neoplasm (four), Wilms' tumor (three), rhabdomyosarcoma (two), malignant fibrous histiocytoma (one), and Ewing's sarcoma (one). Seven patients with mediastinal lymphoma had tumor involvement of the thymus and therefore were excluded. The 22 remaining patients showed cyclic thymic volume changes in response to chemotherapy or its discontinuance. During the first course of chemotherapy the thymic volume decreased by an average of 43% in 20 of 22 patients. Between the first and second course, regrowth was observed in all 20 of these patients. Among the six patients who received a second course of therapy, an average volume decrease of 36% was observed during the second course with regrowth again occurring during recovery from chemotherapy. Thymic rebound (regrowth 50% greater than baseline volume) occurred in five patients, three of whom were in clinical remission. The thymus appears to atrophy during the administration of chemotherapy and regrow during the recovery phase of chemotherapy in 90% of the patients studied. Thymic hyperplasia or rebound is a relatively common phenomenon occurring in 25% of patients. The size of the thymus appears to be extremely sensitive to chemotherapy.
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PMID:Thymic atrophy and regrowth in response to chemotherapy: CT evaluation. 349 49

Identification of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) positive cells in sites other than bone marrow, thymus, lymph nodes and peripheral blood is indicative of a TdT positive lymphoproliferative disease. We therefore employed both a TdT-immunofluorescence (IF) assay and conventional cytomorphology to examine the cells in 421 cerebrospinal fluid samples from 60 children with a TdT positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia or non-Hodgkin lymphoma, at diagnosis as well as during follow-up. The results of the TdT assay were compared with those obtained by cytomorphological analysis of the same sample. The authors conclude that the TdT-IF assay is a valuable additional tool in diagnosing TdT positive central nervous system leukemia. It offers more reliable and conclusive diagnoses than cell count and cytomorphology alone, which might avoid both under- and overtreatment of the patient.
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PMID:[Terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase (TdT)-positive cells in cerebrospinal fluid of children with leukemia or non-Hodgkin lymphoma: implications for the diagnosis of central nervous system leukemia]. 352 Sep 47

Already since more than 80 years in medicine a cancer control by means of immunological methods has been tried again and again. In the last decennium above all the possibilities of the immunostimulation and the immunopotentiation as therapeutical principle were investigated. But neither the influence on the macrophages and the NK-cells perhaps by BCG, MDP, interferons or similar things nor the application of a tumour vaccine, e.g. blasts stimulated with neuraminidase, nor the T-lymphocyte stimulation, e.g. by thymus factors or levamisol, nor the activation of the specific tumour defence possibly by interleukins or clonic killer-cells brought a decisive breaking forth. Only in some certain malignant diseases, such as in virus-induced leukaemias or non-Hodgkin lymphomas of the B-cell series, by means of interferon and monoclonal anti-idiotype-antibodies, respectively, principal possibilities of an immunotherapy could be revealed. The question arises, whether the concept of an immunological tumour control underlying the previous therapeutic efforts really proves right or whether or not the recent knowledge about the principle of the oncogenes should give rise to a change of therapeutic thoughts.
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PMID:[Immunotherapy of cancer--status and perspectives]. 357 63

The case history of a patient who was treated for Stage IA Hodgkin's disease involving the left supraclavicular region is presented. Shortly after mantle field radiation therapy she developed a mass in the anterior mediastinum. Histological examination of the lesion revealed it to be a benign cyst of the thymus. We consider it important that the possibility of the existence of such a benign growth be considered when a mediastinal mass appears in a patient treated for Hodgkin's disease, before more intensive tumour therapy is given.
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PMID:Benign thymic cyst following mantle radiotherapy for Hodgkin's disease. 358 71


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