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Query: UMLS:C0019829 (Hodgkin's disease)
 30,247 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The number of lymphocytes forming spontaneous rosettes with sheep erythrocytes, a property of thymus-dependent (T) cells, and the number of lymphocytes bearing surface immunoglobulins, a characteristic feature of bone marrow-dependent (B) cells, were determined in the peripheral blood of normals and of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and Hodgkin's disease. As compared with normal individuals CLL patients had an increased percentage of lymphocytes with membrane-bound immunoglobulins, whereas the proportion of rosette-forming lymphocytes was reduced. In Hodgkin's disease either normal, diminished, or increased B cell values were obtained; the percentage of T cells was decreased or within the lower range of normals. Lymphocyte transformation by various mitogenic agents in vitro may be regarded as a model of lymphocyte reactivity during immunologic processes in vivo. In order to study the functional capacity of lymphocytes in CLL and Hodgkin's disease in comparison with normal cells, purified peripheral blood lymphocytes from normals and patients with these diseases were incubated in vitro with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) over 7 to 11 days. DNA synthesis was determined by incorporation of 3-H-thymidine. The cyto-architectural features of the cells before and during incubation with these phytomitogens were studied by electron microscopy. Planimetric measurements were performed on micrographs of comparable cell sections (through nucleus and Golgi zone) for the determiniation of cell, nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial area. Furthermore, the number of mitochondria and of membrane-bounded acid phosphatase-positive lysosome-like organelles was determined in comparable sections of unstimulated and mitogen transformed lymphocytes.
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PMID:[T and B lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and Hodgkin's disease. Electron microscopic and immunologic studies]. 4 38

Monolayer and suspension cell cultures prepared from Hodgkin's disease tumors in the spleen were examined microscopically and by cytogenetics, tested for lymphocyte and monocyte cell surface properties, and assayed for enzymes by histochemical and spectrophotometric techniques. Hodgkin's disease monolayer cultures were composed of rapidly proliferating round and polygonal cells that were capable of propagation in vitro for an indefinite period of time. Abnormal aneuploid chromosomes were found in short-term Hodgkin's disease monolayers that had been passaged 16-20 times, and in established cell lines carried in culture longer than 3 yr and passaged more than 200 times. Cells fromHodgkin's disease monolayers contained lysozyme (muramidase), fluoride-resistant alpha naphthol acetate esterase, acid and alkaline phosphatase, and chymotrypsin-like activity. The monolayers did not exhibit specific cell surface markers or phagocytosis. Suspension cultures derived from Hodgkin's disease monolayers were composed of cells with aneuploid karyotypes and similar enzymes. The Hodgkin's disease suspension culture cells had surface receptors for complement and IgGFc, lacked surface or cytoplasmic immunoglobulin, and did not form Erosettes, react with an antithymocyte serum, nor exhibit phagocytosis. Normal monolayer culture cells, derived from adult spleen and human fetal spleen and thymus, were composed of spindle cells with a diploid number of chromosomes that could be carried for only a finite period of time in vitro. Normal cultured cells contained similar esterases and phosphatases, but were devoid of lysozyme and chymotrypsin-like activity. The morphologic, cytogenetic, cell surface, and enzymatic findings indicate that our Hodgkin's disease monolayer and suspension cultures are composed of cells with many properties suggesting an origin from monocytes (macrophages) rather than lymphocytes or fibroblasts. The presence of aneuploid karyotypes is consistent with a neoplastic origin and derivation from a malignant cell of Hodgkin's disease.
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PMID:Tissue culture studies in Hodgkin's disease: Morphologic, cytogenetic, cell surface, and enzymatic properties of cultures derived from splenic tumors. 6 93

In vitro lymphocyte function and delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity (DCH) response in vivo were assessed in 27 patients with Hodgkin's disease. Lymphocyte responsiveness to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and to a standard mitomycin C-treated lymphoblastoid cell line in a one-way mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) was measured simultaneously and compared to that of controls. Seventeen patients, including 6 of 11 untreated patients, had some defect either of DCH or of an in vitro lymphocyte function. In patients lacking a DCH response, the PHA and MLC responses were significantly depressed as compared to either those with intact DCH or normal controls. In patients with intact DCH, the PHA but not the MLC response was significantly depressed. PHA stimulation and MLC may define different subpopulations of responding thymus-derived lymphocytes in patients with Hodgkin's disease. Measurement of lymphocyte response to PHA and to a standard lymphoblastoid cell line in the one-way MLC may provide complementary in vitro means of assessing cell-mediated immunity in patients with Hodgkin's disease.
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PMID:In vitro lymphocyte dysfunction in Hodgkin's disease. 13 Apr 96

In Hodgkin's disease a possible mechanism for impaired cellular immunity is cell-mediated suppression, defined as the inhibitory interaction between suppressor cells and effector lymphocytes. To test for the presence of suppressor cells in peripheral blood, we have modified the standard, one-way mixed lymphocyte culture by adding mitomycin C-treated mononuclear cells from the responder. Suppression, expressed as a percent of the base-line mixed lymphocyte culture in which these extra cells are not present, results in a reduction of thymidine incorporated in the modified culture (i.e., 100% suppression = no net thymidine incorporation; 0% suppression = identical thymidine incorporation in both the modified and baseline culture). Suppression was found to be significantly increased in patients with both active Hodgkin's disease (78+/-4.6%) and remission Hodgkin's disease (58+/-9.3%) compared to normal individuals (21+/-6.9%) (mean+/-SE). The degree and frequency of suppression were not influenced by disease stage or prior therapy. Cell purification techniques revealed (in 10 patients studied) the suppressor cell to be a monocyte in 6, and a thymus-derived lymphocyte in 4. Possible genetic restriction of the suppressor cell interaction was indicated by a failure of suppressor cells to alter the response of lymphocytes from unrelated individuals, but suppression was obtained with lymphocytes from a histocompatible sibling. Although mononuclear cells from normal individuals suppress less frequently than cells from patients with Hodgkin's disease, normals may demonstrate suppression comparable to that observed in Hodgkin's patients. This finding suggests that suppression is a normal immunoregulatory mechanism which is altered in Hodgkin's disease.
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PMID:Impaired cell-mediated immunity in Hodgkin's disease mediated by suppressor lymphocytes and monocytes. 14 40

Long-term monolayer cell cultures have been prepared from tumor nodules in spleens removed from 28 patients with Hodgkin's disease and from 84 spleens that did not have tumors from Hodgkin's disease patients, normal adult spleens, and human fetal spleens and thymuses. After 5 to 20 serial passages in culture, cells from nine of the Hodgkin's disease monolayers underwent morphologic change in vitro with transition from a spindle and reticular pattern of replication to polygonal and round cells that propagated in mosaic arrays. Four of such Hodgkin's disease monolayer cell lines were injected subcutaneously into 43 nude, athymic mice. In 36 animals (84%), neoplasms developed at the inoculation site that werel ocally destructive, capable of pulmonary metastasis, and eventually fatal to the recipients. Transplanted tumors were not observed in 18 athymic mice injected with cultures prepared from normal human adult spleen and fetal spleen and thymus, nor were tumors seen in 16 similar animals that received fresh, noncultured Hodgkin's disease tumor tissue. On microscopic examination, xenografts derived from Hodgkin's disease cultures were pleomorphic malignant neoplasms composed of large, undifferentiated cells, resembling reticulum cell sarcoma. These neoplasms did not involve the lymphoreticular organs of mice. Chromosome studies indicated that the transplanted neoplasms were composed of human cells with an aneuploid karyotype and that monolayer cultures prepared from the heterotransplants contained a karyotype similar to that of the cultured cells prior to passage in mice. The ability of these Hodgkin's disease cell lines to produce invasive tumors with human karyotypes in nude mice is evidence of the neoplastic nature of the monolayer cells and their relationship to the malignant cell of the human disorder.
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PMID:Growth of cultured cells from patients with Hodgkin's disease and transplantation into nude mice. 26 39

Lymphoid cells obtained from spleens of patients with lymphomas or leukemias were studied for the presence of heterophile (Paul-Bunnell (P-B)) antigen. A mixed agglutination (MA) test was established utilizing monolayers of cells attached to poly-L-lysine-coated wells of plastic U plates. After incubation of the monolayers with infectious mononeucleosis (IM) sera, indicator cells, sheep, or trypsinized bovine erythrocytes were added. The results were assessed according to sedimentation patterns of the indicator cells on the monolayers. Positive MA reactions were shown to be due to specific binding of P-B antibodies to the corresponding antigens on the spleen cells. Positive results were obtained with 15 of 37 spleens from patients with Hodgkin's disease, 5 of 8 lymphoma spleens, 4 of 15 chronic myelocytic leukemia spleens and 2 of 4 chronic lymphocytic leukemia spleens. Only 2 of 25 spleens from patients with various other diseases and 1 of 26 apparently normal thymus specimens gave positive results. This study confirmed demonstration of P-B antigen in lymphoma and leukemia by means of absorption experiments, which was reported previously.
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PMID:Paul-Bunnell antigen in lymphoma and leukemia spleens. 26 81

Presence of complement-fixing antibodies against soluble antigen(s) of Gross virus-induced rat lymphoma W/Fu(C58NT)D was determined in sera of 180 healthy donors, in sera from 100 healthy pregnant women and in sera obtained from 139 patients with acute myelosis, acute lymphadenosis, acute undifferentiated leukosis, chronic myelosis, chronic lymphadenosis and Hodgkin's disease. Antibodies against soluble complement-fixing antigen from W/Fu(C58NT)D rat lymphoma were found in 33 (5).5%) out of 64 sera of patients with acute leukemia, in 15 out of 60 sera of patients with Hodgkin's disease, in 17 (9.4%) out of 180 healthy donors and in 22 (22.0%) out of 100 sera from healthy pregnant women. None of 15 sera from patients with chronic leukemia were positive. Titers of complement-fixing antibodies in positive sera remained unchanged after absorption with pooled lymphocytes from healthy human donors. Some selected positive sera reacted also with a soluble antigen prepared from normal rat thymus. Nature of complement-fixing antibodies detected and of corresponding antigens is discussed.
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PMID:Presence of complement-fixing antibodies against antigens of Gross virus-induced rat lymphoma and normal rat thymus in sera of patients with some forms of malignancies. 26 22

T lymphocytes, forming sheep erythrocyte rosettes at 37 degrees C, have been described in thymus glands, mitogen and allogeneic cell stimulated lymphocyte cultures, and acute T cell lymphoblastic leukaemia. This paper describes the finding of such lymphocytes in lymph nodes of a variety of disorders including Hodgkin's disease, Lennert's lymphoma, malignant lymphoma of large transformed T lymphocytes, immunoblastic lymphadenopathy, metastatic carcinoma, and other disorders. A large number of tonsils, but not reactive lymph nodes, also contained a significant number of those T lymphocytes. The significance of these findings in relation to interpretation of immune red cell rosettes and to the subclasses of T lymphocytes is discussed.
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PMID:37 degrees CE rosettes in various malignant and non-malignant disorders. 29 39

It is well known that there are many independent and inter-related clinical and pathologic factors which influence the prognosis of patients with benign and malignant conditions. Lymphocyte level is an index of cell-mediated immunity which is important in host defense against cancer. But it is surprising that a simple test such as peripheral lymphocyte count could be correlated with clinical stages and survival results in patients with Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-lymphomatous solid tumors. Regarding the latter, lymphocyte count had prognostic values in patients with cancer of the bone, Ewing's sarcoma; breast; colon; kidney, neuroblastoma; uterine cervix, and other sites. In general, higher lymphocyte counts before therapy correlated with longer survival. Using newer immunologic techniques, T and B lymphocytes can be identified and the different subtypes of leukemia, immunodeficiency and lymphoproliferative diseases have been studied intensively. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia represents a proliferation of B cells, while the Sezary syndrome represents that of T lymphocytes. There is a qualitative and quantitative disturbance of Blymphocytes in patients with multiple myeloma. In Hodgkin's disease, there is hyperactivity of the B cells and functional defect of the T cells. Finally, the nodular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma resulted from neoplastic transformation of the B lymphocytes. In several nonmalignant autoimmune conditions, abnormality of T-cell or B-cell counts has been reported. For example, T cells were reported to be decreased in patients with ulcerative or granulomatous colitis and in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, However, it needs to be pointed out that, in 1973, Farid and associates (44) reported a significant increase in T and a proportionate reduction of B rosette in 17 patients with untreated Grave's disease and 16 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis as compared with 24 normal and eight goiter controls. In 1975, six publications later, they (143) had to announce a retraction because further studies by them and by other investigators could not repeat the earlier results. Despite variations and lack of standardization of the test systems, some consistent deviations of T-lymphocyte and B-lymphocyte counts have been reported. T lymphocytes were quantitatively decreased in patients with carcinoma of the brain, breast, head and neck, liver, lung and urologic organs and with malignant melanoma. In general, there is a marked decrease of T cells with increasing stage of disease and a return of T cells to normal level after successful therapy. Cellular immunity is depressed, often lasting for years after localized radiation therapy, whether or not the thymus is included in the treatment field...
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PMID:Peripheral lymphocyte count and suppopulations of T and B lymphocytes in benign and malignant diseases. 30 Jan 79

Cytochemical identification of T lymphocytes on the basis of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (NAE) activity was compared with immunologic markers for cell suspensions and/or cryostat sections of 113 specimens. Nonneoplastic tissues (peripheral blood, lymph nodes, spleens, tonsils, thymus, and pleural fluid) and specimens from various lymphoproliferative disorders, including acute and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, lymphosarcoma cell leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of B-and T-cell types, and Hodgkin's disease, were evaluated. T (E-rosetting) cells demonstrated several patterns of NAE reactivity: 1) a strong globular reaction product, the most specific pattern for T-cell identification, 2) granular cytoplasmic staining, or 3) no reactivity. B lymphocytes revealed a granular pattern of NAE staining, were devoid of enzyme, or, in rare instances, exhibited strong NAE activity. Percentages of lymphoid cells with strong (globular) NAE activity closely paralleled T-cell (E-rosette) values in the majority of cases, with the best correlations observed for peripheral blood studies. However, discordant results were noted for some neoplastic and nonneoplastic tissues, including cases of T-cell lymphoma or leukemia. Markedly discrepant results were noted for thymic lymphocytes, most of which revealed E-rosette formation and weak or absent NAE activity. Lymph nodes involved by Hodgkin's disease demonstrated a heterogeneous pattern of staining in E-rosetting cells and in Reed-Sternberg variants. Cryostat section studies of reactive lymph nodes and nodular lymphomas demonstrated strong NAE staining in lymphoid cells of T-cell (interfollicular, internodular) areas, with little or no positivity in follicles or nodules (B-cell areas). NAE staining patterns further suggested that T cells comprise part of the follicular cuff and possibly represent a minor population of some neoplastic nodules. Although NAE determinations do not represent a consistently reliable alternative to immunologic methods for T-cell identification, this easily applicable cytochemical marker is complementary to other techniques in assessing neoplastic or nonneoplastic tissues, particularly cryostat sections. (Am J Pathol 97:17--42, 1979).
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PMID:alpha-Naphthyl acetate esterase activity--a cytochemical marker for T lymphocytees. Correlation with immunologic studies of normal tissues, lymphocytic leukemias, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, Hodgkin's disease, and other lymphoproliferative disorders. 31 66


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