Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019693 (HIV)
 170,526 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

X-ray quality crystals of an Fab fragment from an antipeptide monoclonal antibody (R/V3-50.1) that recognizes the principal neutralizing determinant (PND) of the gp120 glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) (MN isolate) were grown as uncomplexed and peptide complexed forms. Crystals of the free Fab grew from high salt in orthorhombic space groups P2(1)2(1)2(1) and I222 and from polyethylene glycol in space groups P1 and P2(1). Seeds from either the P1 and P2(1) native (uncomplexed) Fab crystals induced nucleation of crystals of the Fab complexed to a 16-residue synthetic peptide corresponding to the PND when streak seeded into preequilibrated solutions of this complex. Data were collected from these complex crystals and from each of the four native Fab forms to at least 2.8 A resolution. The genes for the variable domain of the Fab were cloned and sequenced and the primary amino acid sequence was deduced from this information. Knowledge of the three-dimensional structure of this Fab-peptide complex will be important in the understanding of the PND of HIV-1 and its recognition by neutralizing monoclonal antibodies.
Proteins 1992 Dec
PMID:Crystallization, sequence, and preliminary crystallographic data for an antipeptide Fab 50.1 and peptide complexes with the principal neutralizing determinant of HIV-1 gp120. 143 87

Jean Watson's theory of nursing as the art and science of human caring provides the framework for practice at the Denver Nursing Project in Human Caring, a nurse-managed center for people living with HIV/AIDS. The purpose of this article is to describe the development, implementation, and evaluation of a new model of nursing practice at the Caring Center, called nursing care partnerships. Client and nurse narrative accounts are presented as a means of grounding the reader in the care partners' relationships that are formed during the journey of HIV/AIDS.
ANS Adv Nurs Sci 1992 Dec
PMID:Nursing care partnerships at the Denver Nursing Project in Human Caring: an application and extension of caring theory in practice. 144 81

Lung cancer infrequently may be associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This retrospective case-control study was undertaken to determine if there were differences in age, sex, and stage distribution and in survival between HIV-positive and HIV-indeterminate lung cancer patients. We compared 19 patients with both pathologically verified lung cancer and HIV infection proved by serologic study with lung cancer patients with an indeterminate HIV status. All 19 HIV-positive lung cancer patients were men. This was significantly (p = 0.004) different from the 69 percent male preponderance in 1,335 HIV-indeterminate lung cancer patients. Median ages of HIV-positive and HIV-indeterminate patients were 48 and 61 years, respectively. HIV-positive patients were significantly (p = 0.0139) younger. Stage distribution was similar in both groups. Histologic features and smoking were not significantly different between the two groups. Survival data that were available in 16 HIV-positive patients were compared with 32 HIV-indeterminate control subjects matched for stage, age, sex, and race. The median survival was three months in the HIV-positive group and ten months in the HIV-indeterminate cohort. The survival was significantly different (p = 0.002). There were no one-year survivors in HIV-positive lung cancer patients.
Chest 1992 Dec
PMID:Lung cancer in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection compared with historic control subjects. 133 37

A case of pulmonary sarcoidosis diagnosed in an human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected man is reported. The transbronchial lung biopsy specimen revealed noncaseating granuloma. A comparison of the lymphocyte subsets in both peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid revealed a pattern more typical of HIV infection than of classic sarcoidosis. A course of prednisone led to improvement in symptoms, roentgenographic findings, lung volumes, and diffusion capacity.
Chest 1992 Dec
PMID:Coexistent sarcoidosis and HIV infection. A comparison of bronchoalveolar and peripheral blood lymphocytes. 801 63

We report herein the pulmonary recurrence of Hodgkin's disease coincidental with a marked decrease in the peripheral blood CD4 lymphocyte count in an HIV-seropositive patient with alveolar consolidation on chest roentgenogram. The diagnosis of lung parenchyma involvement was made by bronchoalveolar lavage cell analysis and illustrates the reliability of Reed-Sternberg cell identification in bronchoalveolar lavage for the diagnosis of pulmonary localization of Hodgkin's disease.
Chest 1992 Dec
PMID:Pulmonary Hodgkin's disease in HIV-infected patient. Diagnosis by bronchoalveolar lavage. 144 23

More than 250 children treated at our institution on antiretroviral treatment protocols have been monitored with brain imaging studies. We documented the occurrence and progression of aneurysms of major cerebral arteries in two children with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. In both cases these lesions remained clinically silent initially, despite progression to marked dilation.
J Pediatr 1992 Dec
PMID:Cerebral artery aneurysms in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus. 144 59

Britain's first large, national survey of sexual attitudes and lifestyles will allow improved estimates of the magnitude of the HIV epidemic in Britain and should lead to better strategies for prevention.
Nature 1992 Dec 03
PMID:Sexual lifestyles and HIV risk. 144 63

Much remains to be explained regarding women with HIV infection or AIDS. Interest in determining whether the natural history of the disease or the clinical manifestations are gender specific is leading to more research focused on women. The female roles of childbearer and caretaker evoke ethical issues that are unique to this epidemic and that can impact on the development and delivery of health care services. Women at the greatest risk for HIV disease are not likely to form coalitions to advocate for services, research dollars, and education. They need advocates and assistance in becoming united to advocate for themselves. Nurses have a critical role in the provision of services to women with HIV disease. As educators, direct service providers, and administrators, nurses contribute to the development of services that are holistic and family centered. As advocates, nurses can ensure that women are accurately and well informed about the disease and the resources available to them. Because AIDS no longer affects only those persons living in large metropolitan areas, it is imperative that all nurses become experts in the care of women with AIDS and advocates for a better outcome.
Nurs Clin North Am 1992 Dec
PMID:HIV infection in women. Implications for nursing practice. 144 66

Infection of the central nervous system by HIV-1, the agent of AIDS, is characterized by the presence of infected and giant microglial cells as well as astrocytosis, demyelination, and neuronal loss. To determine whether cells of neuroectoderm origin can be infected by HIV-1, we have inoculated primary cultures derived from adult human brain with a lymphotropic virus (LAV) or a neurotropic virus (Jr-FL) isolated from a patient with AIDS dementia. While Jr-FL invariably causes productive infection of cultured brain microglia, neither astrocytes nor oligodendrocytes became productively infected by these viral strains. Moreover, the cultured oligodendrocytes develop a normal network of processes and express differentiation antigens in the presence of an ongoing lytic infection of microglial cells. No HIV-1 proviral DNA was detected in primary astrocyte cultures devoid of microglial after inoculation of either HIV-1 strain. Similarly, the neuronal cell line HCN-1 in its differentiated state did not allow the virus to go through cycles of reverse transcription and replication. LAV, however, was able to replicate in undifferentiated HCN-1 cells. Thus, tropism of HIV-1 appears tightly restricted to only one type of differentiated cell in the CNS, the microglia.
Virology 1992 Dec
PMID:The restricted nature of HIV-1 tropism for cultured neural cells. 144 25

Sequence variation in the long terminal repeat (LTR) region of HIV-1 was analyzed in viral isolates of 17 infected individuals. Two classes of LTR size variants were found. One HIV-1 variant was detected containing an additional binding site for the transcription factor Sp1. Another LTR size variation was observed in four patients in a region just upstream of the NF-kappa B enhancer. This variation was the result of a duplication of a short DNA sequence (CTG-motif). Cell culture experiments demonstrated that the natural variant with four Sp1 sites had a slightly higher promoter activity and viral replication rate than the isogenic control LTR with three Sp1 sites. No positive effect of the duplicated CTG-motif could be detected. In order to measure small differences in virus production more accurately, equal amounts of a size variant and the wild-type plasmid were cotransfected into T-cells. The virus with four Sp1 sites did outgrow the three Sp1 virus in 35 days of culture and CTG-monomer virus outcompeted the CTG-dimer virus in 42 days. Based on these results we estimate a 5-10% difference in virus production of the LTR variants when compared to that of wild-type.
Virology 1992 Dec
PMID:Natural variants of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat: analysis of promoters with duplicated DNA regulatory motifs. 144 31


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