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In this article, a 21-year-old Samoan woman talks about her life and her involvement with a peer counseling program that promotes use of condoms to prevent HIV/AIDS. At age 21, Ema is the oldest of four children who lost their mother 5 years earlier. Ema was expelled from high school, has never been employed, and is not seeking employment. She has been involved in the peer education program for 3 years and enjoys being able to share information with other youth. The peer educators provide outreach services, including referrals for youth with sexually transmitted diseases, but they have very little incentive to continue with the program. Ema expresses surprise that she and other peer educators have been allowed to present condom demonstrations in the religious schools but notes that the clergy generally issue ultimatums instead of options. Ema reports that the government could reduce the incidence of sexual activity among 13- and 14-year-old adolescents by providing more jobs. While many youth understand the risks of unprotected sexual intercourse, girls are still victimized by rape and abuse. Ema would like to see young people become well educated about sex before they experience intercourse and calls upon parents to understand their role in shaping their children's futures.
Pac AIDS Alert Bull 1998
PMID:Voices of youth. Ema's story. 1229 86

The first of three accounts from the Solomon Islands in this article is about a young woman whose job as an officer in the Fisheries Licensing Department takes her out to the boats that visit Honiara. On overnight trips, she has witnessed young women coming to the boats for money, food, and fun. Sometimes the young women expect payment for sex, other times sex is considered just part of the fun. The behavior that the fisheries officer has witnessed led her to participate in a workshop on prevention of HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the hope of becoming usefully involved herself and of involving her department in the process of health planning. The second account is of a young boy living on the streets who survives on money gained from sailors and prostitutes for arranging sexual liaisons, from begging, and from stealing. During a workshop for young people on sexual behavior, the 13-year-old boy reported that he has unprotected sex with his girlfriend but that the girls who go to the boats carry condoms with them. The final account is about a nun who works in a very poor area of Honiara and has helped the community build a simple chapel, which has become the focal point of the community. This nun has also counseled families and persuaded some to take their children who had been living on the streets back home.
Pac AIDS Alert Bull 1998
PMID:Voices of youth from the Solomon Islands. 1229 87

This editorial explores the role of the church in addressing the issue on sexuality and AIDS in the Pacific. Cultural, traditional, and religious constraints hinder people from discussing their sexuality. The belief that "talking about sex and sexuality will promote sexual activity or promiscuity" poses an obstacle to open and honest discussion of the issue. Moreover, people who believe that the disease is a punishment from God sustained the shame and stigma attached to AIDS. Since the church has a strong influence on lives of Pacific Islanders, it can as well help in shaping sexual attitudes and behaviors of people by providing AIDS education. This can be achieved by encouraging parents to have an honest and open discussion on sex and sexuality with their children and organizing activities with young people. In addition, religious leaders can help remove the stigma attached to AIDS by encouraging congregations to discuss the issue on sex and sexuality more candidly and take care of HIV/AIDS patients. Throughout the Pacific, churches are starting to initiate movements against AIDS.
Pac AIDS Alert Bull 1993
PMID:Editorial. 1229 26

This editorial highlights the issue on AIDS in the Pacific. It features stories on several activities undertaken to promote public awareness on AIDS in different countries. This is to provide ideas on certain strategies that could be organized and implemented to raise awareness, educate and remind people to assume responsibility on their sexual behaviors both on World AIDS day and any public gathering. For this reason, few ideas reminding people to be extra careful due to the spread of AIDS were discussed. This bulletin will soon be called Pacific AIDS/Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) Alert so as to make people remember that despite the low prevalence of AIDS in the Pacific, STDs are continually rising. Moreover, ensuring the availability of condoms and sex education can remind people on the consequences of HIV/AIDS, STDs, and unwanted pregnancies. It can also assist people to express their fears about the disease. Uganda President Yoweri Museveni emphasized in his statement that the spread of AIDS, more than any other disease, could be influenced more by economic and social factors, rather than biological dimensions.
Pac AIDS Alert Bull
PMID:Editorial. 1229 28

The Baseline Survey of Young Adult Reproductive Welfare in Indonesia, conducted from September to December 1998, provides information about young Indonesians on topics concerning work, education, marriage, family life, sexuality, fertility, and HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. The survey interviewed 4106 men and 3978 women aged 15-24 years in three provinces of Java. Survey findings showed that 42% of the women and 8% of the men are currently or have been married. There was a strong inverse relationship between marriage and schooling, which suggests that greater educational attainment and a higher average age at marriage are likely to go together. Although most young couples prefer to delay and space births, only half of currently married young women are using any type of contraception. These results indicate that there is a need for better reproductive health care as well as improved reproductive health education. Moreover, the current economic crisis has lead to a decline in the use of the private sector for health care. Instead, young people are using the less-expensive government services, and young women are turning to pharmacies and midwives rather than to private doctors to obtain contraceptives. These findings have several policy implications including the need for reproductive health programs that provide services needed by young people.
Asia Pac Pop Policy 1999 Oct
PMID:Indonesian survey looks at adolescent reproductive health. 1229 93

This paper narrates the experiences and the role that was played by Colleen Perez, an HIV-infected woman discussing prevention of HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted disease. In recounting her life story, she confessed to the audience that she is a 39-year-old HIV positive woman from the Western Pacific Island of Guam. Stricken with the virus, she felt alone and scared, desperately wanting to talk to other women that were HIV positive. After a year, she attended the first regional Asia/Pacific conference for women living with HIV/AIDS in Manila. At the conference she became the first HIV-positive Pacific Islander, representing all positive islanders as a member of the Asia Pacific Council of AIDS Service Organizations. She became active in programs, meetings and events that were AIDS related, specifically comic prevention magazine dissemination and the use of condoms. In her experience in the Northern Marianas, she learned that the older people needed to acknowledge the importance of HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention campaigns for the benefit of the youth.
Pac AIDS Alert Bull 2000
PMID:Guam: the role of people living with HIV / AIDS in the prevention of HIV / AIDS and STD in the Pacific. 1229 66

How does a Pacific country deal with someone who is HIV positive? What support can be expected from society and family if one is infected by HIV? How does the rhetoric of being a family-oriented and caring society fit with the realities of what happens to HIV positive people? This presentation talks about the experience of an HIV positive woman. Peati Maiava is from Samoa. She was married in June 1992 and subsequently had two sons. Her youngest son, Fiti, died after much suffering of an undiagnosed disease in January 1996. Her husband died, after being diagnosed with AIDS in April 1996. Before he died, he pleaded for forgiveness for the chaos he had brought to the family. Looking back, Peati strongly suspects that Fiti also died from an AIDS-related condition--although there was no medical confirmation at the time. Before he died, Peati's husband was plagued with influenza, diarrhea, fevers, boils on his face, throat, and body, immense pain and headaches, violent temper, and incredible loss of body weight. This man was once one of MANU Samoa's best flankers (footballers) ever. He died a skeleton in the wake of AIDS. In the aftermath of the two untimely deaths in the family, living with her only remaining son Natal was unbearable; Peati knew she was HIV-positive and that it was only a matter of time before she would face a similar death. Her life became intolerable--after the death of her husband she was forced from her employment when her employer learned of her positive status. Some of her so-called friends and relatives also turned their back on her. With no employment and HIV-positive status she considered suicide. But her love of God and the love of her son she could not forsake. Peati did forgive her husband before he died but the scars and bitter memories are hard to overcome at times. Peati thanked the conference for the sponsorship, which allowed her to attend the conference. The moral and financial support offered to by her friends, and to Andrew Peteru who was instrumental in helping her to participate in the conference.
Pac AIDS Alert Bull 2000
PMID:Samoa: the realities of living with HIV in Samoa. 1229 67

The situation of homeless children in Honiara, Solomon Islands had attracted the attention of Sister Doreen of the Angelican Sisters of the Church. One discovery was that these young people had little knowledge of sexuality but were often sexually active. This article discusses the workshop developed by the Angelican Sisters of the Church that addresses the needs of the youth, particularly on the topics of adolescent sexual and reproductive health and HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). About 34 young people attended the 4-day seminar, which aimed to empower the kids into making the right decision and changing their behavior. Among the activities during the program were the use of games, information and practical sessions, which included a condom demonstration in the form of a bingo game. The workshop was a success, with kids started teaching their peers and parents and more requests for such workshops indicated that young people in Honoria are hungry for information on sex, sexuality, HIV/AIDS and STDs.
Pac AIDS Alert Bull 2000
PMID:Solomon Islands: reaching street children in Honiara. 1229 68

This paper discusses the gender dynamics of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and HIV/AIDS based on the relationship between gender violence, reproductive health, sexuality, STD and HIV/AIDS. This approach highlights AIDS as an increasingly female concern, a consequence of the social makeup of female and male sexuality, and the result of inequalities that characterizes many heterosexual relationships. Gender violence is considered as the most intimate enemy among most women with an extremely high indirect cost to development. Not only that, it also causes more death and disability among women aged 14-44 years, having greater risk from their husbands, fathers, and neighbors or colleagues. Moreover, the link between gender violence and HIV/AIDS and STD can be observed through the rising incidence of these infections among women particularly during unprotected vaginal intercourse. Also, these women often bear the pain and discomfort associated with STD because of social constraints. The study calls for further research into behavior change interventions that address gender dynamics to prevent the fatal intimacy of women's vulnerability to STD and HIV, the intimate enemy of gender violence and the fatal encounter with AIDS. Lastly, the paper includes information about the work of the Pacific Women's Resource Bureau and its pioneering initiative on the Pacific multi-site study on violence against women.
Pac AIDS Alert Bull 2000
PMID:New Caledonia: fatal intimacy: gender dynamics of STD and HIV / AIDS. 1229 69

In its effort to fight HIV/AIDS epidemics in Papua New Guinea (PNG), in August 1997 the Prime Minister directed the Department of Health to mobilize all sectors of the community to develop a National Plan of Action. Along with other government and nongovernmental organizations, the correction service was set up to take charge of the prevention and management of HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted disease related issues in the PNG prison institution. Among its prevention activities includes establishment of Aid Post in each prison, and correctional officers trained as Aid Post leaders or nurses to provide basic services. The Department of Health trained the correctional service health workers as peer educators. The success of the program is yet to be determined but initial assessment indicates the need for a wider community support for the correctional service of HIV/AIDS and general health services to grow in different areas.
Pac AIDS Alert Bull 2000
PMID:Papua New Guinea: PNG Correctional Service HIV / AIDS and STD programme. 1229 70


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