Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019693 (HIV)
 170,526 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied by Echocardiographic-Doppler 114 consecutive intravenous drugs addicts (IVDA); 91 were positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV+) and 23 negatives. We classified them in five groups; beginning the negative HIV as group 0, and groups I to IV stratified according the Central Disease Control (CDC) classification. We compared the cardiac abnormalities founded between themselves and a control group presumed healthy persons of similar age. The cardiac cavities dimensions showed a statistic significant increased left ventricular end-systolic and diastolic diameters, right ventricular diameter, posterior wall and interventricular septum thickness and aortic root diameter compared with the control group; but all were in the normal range for age. The left ventricular fractional shortening was statistically different from control group related the other groups, and the group IV related other. The existence and severity of pericardial effusions were directly related to the illness stage. We founded moderate pericardial effusions in 25% patients in the 0 to III groups, increasing until 50% in the group IV. The presence of valvular vegetations, nearly 30% in our series, ought to the IVDA. We did not found relationship between the severity of valvular incompetence and the illness stage. We recorded a excellent correlation between the ratio T4/T8 lymphocytes with the progress of illness and the existence and severity of cardiac abnormalities.
Rev Esp Cardiol 1992 Nov
PMID:[Doppler echocardiography assessment of cardiac abnormalities in parenteral drug addicts]. 147 92

The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence and the type of cardiac abnormalities in patients with HIV infection. Echocardiographic examination (M-mode, two-dimensional and Doppler) was performed in 51 patients (40 male, 11 female), whose mean age was 29 +/- 10 years; 48 of them (94%) were intravenous drug addicts, 3 (6%) homosexuals. Diagnosis was AIDS in 19 (37%) patients, AIDS related complex in 19 (37%) and asymptomatic infection in 13 (26%). Echocardiography was normal in 13 subjects. Pericardial effusion was found in 19 patients (in 8 of them, this was the only cardiac abnormality). Valve vegetations were found in 16 patients (3 of them had pericardial effusion, 5 had ventricular dilatation or wall motion abnormalities, 1 had both pericardial and myocardial impairment). Myocardial dysfunction was found in 18 patients: 11 had left ventricular dilatation (5 with wall hypokinesia), 1 had right ventricular enlargement, 1 had biventricular dilatation and 5 had only wall motion abnormalities (diffuse or localized). During the follow-up 9 patients died: 8 had AIDS, 1 was asymptomatic. Eight subjects died during hospitalization (none because of cardiac causes) and one at home for sudden unexplained death. Echocardiography had displayed myocardial dysfunction in 6 of them, thickened pericardium in 1 and was normal in 2. Pathologic examination (performed in 8 subjects) showed cardiac enlargement in 3 subjects, thickened pericardium in 2 and valve vegetation in 1. One subject had histopathologic diagnosis of myocarditis and 7 had non specific histologic abnormalities. The study shows a cardiac involvement in 75% of HIV infected patients: 35% had myocardial dysfunction, 37% pericardial disease, 31% infective endocarditis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
G Ital Cardiol 1991 Mar
PMID:[Echocardiographic evaluation of HIV-positive subjects]. 189 21

Signal-averaged electrocardiograms were performed in 225 patients with serologic evidence of human immunodeficiency virus infection as part of a prospective longitudinal study of patients with HIV-associated heart disease and 12 seronegative control subjects. The duration of signal-averaged QRS vector, root-mean-square voltage of the terminal 40 ms of the vector magnitude and the duration of the low-amplitude (less than 40 microV) signal were determined during serial visits at 4-month intervals. One or more of these variables was abnormal on initial visit in 59 of patients (26%); QRS duration was greater than 114 ms in 9 patients (4%), root-mean-square voltage less than 20 microV in 55 patients (24%) and low-amplitude signal duration greater than 39 ms in 43 (19%). In contrast, none of the seronegative control subjects had any abnormal variables (p less than 0.03). During follow-up (mean 10 +/- 8 months), 26 patients with initially normal studies developed abnormal variables and 24 with abnormal signal-averaged electrocardiograms reverted to normal. Left ventricular contractility was assessed by echocardiography using the rate-corrected velocity of fiber shortening-end-diastolic wall stress relation. Late potentials were not related to contractile abnormalities. Clinical arrhythmias were rare and did not appear more frequent among patients with late potentials. Thus, late potentials were both common and evanescent in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
Am J Cardiol 1991 Nov 01
PMID:Late potentials and their relation to ventricular function in human immunodeficiency virus infection. 195 Oct 82

We describe a case of Salmonella tricuspid endocarditis in an intravenous drug abuser with human immunodeficiency virus infection. He was successfully treated with antibiotics with no clinical relapse. To our knowledge, this is the first case of this kind reported in the literature. Physicians should be on the alert for this potentially curable cardiac complication of human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Int J Cardiol 1991 Mar
PMID:Salmonella tricuspid endocarditis in an intravenous drug abuser with human immunodeficiency virus infection. 205 77

Cardiac involvement in AIDS may occur at any stage of HIV disease and may manifest as congestive cardiomyopathy, potentially lethal arrhythmia, or pericardial effusion and tamponade. The heart may be affected by nearly all of the opportunistic infections and many of the malignancies associated with the syndrome. Although often clinically unobtrusive, cardiac lesions may be important in the pathogenesis of significant clinical symptoms and play an often unrecognized role in the prognosis and natural history of AIDS.
Curr Probl Cardiol 1990 Oct
PMID:Cardiac involvement in AIDS. 224 52

The anatomopathological study of the heart, carried out during the autopsy of a series of 38 subjects seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus, has enabled the observation of histological lesions in 23 cases (60%). The heart affection is more often asymptomatic since it has been clinically suspected in only four cases. A myocarditis is present in 42 p. cent of the cases, and lesions specific to a pathogenic agent are visible in half of the myocarditis cases. These pathogenic agents are: toxoplasma (2 cases), cryptococcus (2 cases), candida (1 case), aspergillus (1 case) and cytomegalovirus (1 case). Lymphocytic myocarditis, with no isolated aetiological agent, and without viral inclusion, has been observed in 9 cases. The histological affection of the pericardium is observed in 4 cases and that of the endocardium in 3 cases. The lesions are not specific. The cardiotropism of the HIV is suspected, but not established. It could explain the frequency of lymphocytic myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathies observed in HIV positive patients. The frequency of heart localizations in HIV positive subjects, even strictly asymptomatic as observed in this study, leads us to advise a systematic specialized cardiac examination.
Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 1990 Nov
PMID:[Cardiac involvement in carriers of the human immunodeficiency virus. Report of 38 cases]. 229 17

1. The American College of Cardiology acknowledges the continuum of changing societal, medical and economic perspectives affecting traditional medical ethics. Primacy of patient responsibility remains paramount to the cardiovascular specialist who at the same time should participate in the development of broader societal programs. 2. Medical decisions should be freely and jointly formulated by the patient and the cardiovascular specialist with appropriate sensitivity to such matters as mental competence, pertinent medical information and standards of care, sufficient time for contemplation, informed consent, patient right of refusal, physician right to refuse to provide inappropriate care and the right of patient, physician or third party payer to seek consultation or additional opinions. 3. The cardiovascular specialist should make a special effort to clarify and document patient preferences regarding end-of-life treatment through some form of advance directive. 4. The cardiovascular specialist bears a moral obligation to provide medical care to any patient who is HIV positive or has AIDS. 5. A conflict of interest occurs when a cardiovascular specialist places personal or financial interest ahead of the welfare and health of a patient. Professional accountability should be established through local or regional peer review. 6. The American College of Cardiology encourages and supports a renewed dedication to the principles of medical ethics, particularly in the field of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular specialists are encouraged to participate in the promulgation of medical ethics by teaching and by example, individually and with others.
J Am Coll Cardiol 1990 Jul
PMID:Ethics in cardiovascular medicine. Task Force II: The relation of cardiovascular specialists to patients, other physicians and physician-owned organizations. 235 84

Since first individualized in Atlanta in 1981, the frequency of AIDS is constantly increasing and the risk groups (male homosexuals, heroin addicts, transfused hemophiliacs, Haitians and Africans) are no longer the only ones concerned. The progression of the disease in African heterosexuals foreshadows its probable course in the Western World. 8,000 AIDS cases were indexed in Europe as of June 1987; 45,000 are expected in 1989. Cardiologists are a priori much less concerned by this disease than infectious disease specialists, internists, dermatologists, respiratory diseases specialist or neurologists. However, under three circumstances they may have to become involved in this disease. 1) AIDS following blood transfusions: the greater the risk as the amount of blood transfused is important; patients undergoing ECC present an increased risk. As of June 30 1988, 320 cases of posttransfusion AIDS had been reported in France (7.82 p. cent of all reported AIDS cases). The mean incubation period, estimated at 54 months in 1986, would actually be much longer: distribution according to a Gauss curve with a period of 15 years +/- 5, which would lead to expect many cases in the years to come affecting patients who were transfused before August 1985, when systematic screening became mandatory. Since that time, the risk has markedly decreased but is not non-existent (pre-serology phase, contamination with HIV 2), resulting in a limitation of the indications of transfusions and restoring as often as possible to autotransfusion and normovolemic hemodilution.
Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 1989 Dec 30
PMID:[The cardiologist and AIDS]. 269 15

Thirty-one pediatric patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection were prospectively evaluated using 2-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography, Doppler cardiography, electrocardiography and Holter monitoring. Left ventricular shape, wall motion and valve morphology were evaluated with 2-dimensional echocardiography. Valve function was assessed using Doppler cardiography. Left ventricular performance was evaluated with shortening fraction, afterload with end-systolic wall stress and contractility with the end-systolic wall stress and rate-corrected velocity of shortening relation. Although left ventricular performance, afterload and contractility varied widely, 2 patterns of left ventricular function abnormalities were noted. Hyperdynamic left ventricular performance, generally with enhanced contractility and reduced afterload, was the most common echocardiographic finding (63%). Diminished contractility was noted in 8 patients (26%), including 4 patients with symptomatic dilated cardiomyopathy. Serial echocardiographic evaluation revealed changes from the original level (elevated, normal or depressed) of left ventricular function, afterload or contractility in 89%. Pericardial effusion without tamponade was seen in 8 patients (26%). Mononuclear pericarditis, myocarditis and inflammation of the intracardiac conduction tissue as well as peripheral nerve were seen in autopsy specimens, yet histologic or culture evidence of myocardial infection with opportunistic organisms was lacking. High grade atrial (1 patient) and ventricular (3 patients) ectopy, as well as second-degree atrioventricular block, were observed. Cardiac abnormalities, detectable by noninvasive methods but often clinically inapparent, appear to be common in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection and may cause symptoms or even death.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Am J Cardiol 1989 Jun 15
PMID:Cardiovascular manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection in infants and children. 272 37

To determine the prevalence of cardiac abnormalities in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography was performed on 70 consecutive patients with HIV infection, including 51 with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), 13 with AIDS-related complex and 6 with asymptomatic HIV infection. Of the 70 patients, 36% were hospitalized and 64% were ambulatory at the time of evaluation. The average age was 37 years; 93% were homosexual men. Echocardiographic findings included dilated cardiomyopathy in eight patients (11%), pericardial effusions in seven patients (10%) (one with impending tamponade), pleural effusion in four patients (6%) and mediastinal mass in one patient (1%). Among the 25 hospitalized patients, echocardiographic abnormalities were noted in 16 (64%), whereas among the 45 ambulatory patients, the only abnormality noted was mitral valve prolapse in 3 patients (7%) (p less than 0.0001). Dilated cardiomyopathy was the only echocardiographic lesion more common in the 25 hospitalized patients than in 20 hospitalized control patients with acute leukemia. Symptoms of congestive heart failure responded to conventional therapy. Cardiac lesions were associated with active Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and low T helper lymphocyte counts. Dilated cardiomyopathy of unknown origin may be more common than was previously recognized in hospitalized, acutely ill patients with AIDS, but is uncommon in ambulatory patients with HIV infection. Echocardiography should be considered in the evaluation of dyspnea in hospitalized patients with HIV infection, especially those with dyspnea that is out of proportion to the degree of pulmonary disease.
J Am Coll Cardiol 1989 Apr
PMID:Cardiac manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection: a two-dimensional echocardiographic study. 292 51


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>