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Query: UMLS:C0019693 (HIV)
 170,526 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Four HIV treatment issues are addressed by John S. James, the author and a recent recipient of the Achievement Award from the Gay and Lesbian Medical Association (GLMA). Issues addressed are: what should be done when viral load rebounds after treatment, whether people with HIV can receive quality care in the age of capitation and managed care cost control, the problem caused by Duesberg thinking that causes HIV-infected people to reject all medical treatments because of the theory that HIV does not cause AIDS, and ways to make medical research and drug development more productive. Generally, James recommends a need for advocacy to increase quality of care for HIV-infected people, including vigilance in attaining and monitoring new treatment plans. A direct point-by-point confrontation of the Duesberg issue is advocated whenever it appears, and the need for the AIDS community to come together and bring critical insights and direction in research and drug development is discussed.
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PMID:Virologic failure; managed care; treatment rejectionists; medical research: GLMA Achievement Award. Gay and Lesbian Medical Association. 1136 25

The 29th session of the UN Commission on Population and Development (February 26 to March 1, 1996) focused on reproductive health and rights, including population IEC (information, education, and communication). Speakers relayed national responses to the Programme of Action of the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development, highlighted the critical role of nongovernmental organizations in meeting reproductive health needs through IEC and advocacy, and applauded the recent expansion of the Population Information Network. The Director of the UN's Population Division noted that in 1946, when the Commission was founded, the Division estimated that the world population would reach 6.3 billion in the year 2000. The latest estimate of 6.2 billion confirms this early estimate. Sensitive issues which the Commission expects to face in coming years are abortion, the aging of populations, HIV/AIDS, and international migration. The Executive Director of the UN Population Fund reported that guidelines are being developed on the quality of reproductive health care and that gender concerns are increasingly being included in program design and implementation. The Commission also considered the Secretary-General's January 15, 1996, report on world population monitoring, reproductive rights, and reproductive health. Finally, the Commission announced that Leticia Ramos-Shahani, an advocate from the Philippines, and Pathfinder International would share the 1996 Population Award.
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PMID:Reproductive rights and health discussed. 1229 83

Until recently, the only topical microbicide being considered for protection against sexually transmitted HIV infection contains nonoxynol-9 (N-9), a detergent ingredient widely used for more than 30 years in the form of gels, foams, aerosols, creams, sponges, suppositories, films, and foaming tablets. While N-9 has both spermicidal and antibacterial/antiviral properties against pathogens responsible for STDs, including HIV, recent clinical studies have found it to be ineffective in protecting against HIV and other STDs. Moreover, N-9 disrupts cell membranes, damages cervicovaginal epithelia, and causes an acute tissue inflammatory response, thus enhancing the likelihood of HIV infection. There is therefore an urgent need for new, effective, safe, and easy-to-use microbicides with anti-HIV activity lacking detergent-type membrane toxicity. Dr. Osmond D'Cruz et al. of the Hughes Institute in St. Paul, Minnesota, have developed an anti-HIV spermicide with the potential of becoming the active ingredient in many beneficial products. Its lead compound is 400 times more potent than N-9 against HIV and at least 10 times more potent than N-9 as a spermicide. These dual-function compounds are non-inflammatory by their nature. Hughes et al.'s discovery is expected to enter human clinical trials within 12 months. A clinical paper describing their achievement won the prestigious Prize Paper Award for the Plenary Session of the Conjoint 16th World Congress on Fertility and Sterility at the 54th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Reproductive Medicine, held in San Francisco, California, during October 4-9, 1998.
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PMID:International award received recognizing anti-HIV spermicide. 1229 81

The 1996 Population Award will soon be bestowed on Philippine Senator Shahani and Pathfinder International. The Senator has been a key advocate for population policies and programs in the Philippines. She contributed greatly to the preparations for and deliberations of the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development. The Senator has also actively participated in the Asian Forum of Parliamentarians on Population and Development, the Global Committee of Parliamentarians on Population and Development, and the International Green Cross. Pathfinder International has invested in people and organizations dedicated to deliver family planning services to those most in need. This investment has initiated many improvements in family planning. Grants that Pathfinder International have provided were used to found 29 family planning associations. Pathfinder International had supported more than 2000 programs in more than 30 countries. These programs include training programs, technical assistance, adolescent programs, service delivery models, and integrated family planning and HIV/AIDS/sexually transmitted disease prevention programs.
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PMID:Population awards announced. 1232 Jan 59

Laurence Stocking, the recipient of the 2nd Annual Canadian Award for Action on HIV/AIDS and Human Rights, fought for the rights of prisoners to access HIV and hepatitis C (HCV) prevention and treatment programs.
Can HIV AIDS Policy Law Rev 2003 Dec
PMID:Prison activist receives AIDS and human rights award. 1510 45

The AIDS Law Project, the recipient of the 2nd Annual International Award for Action on HIV/AIDS and Human Rights, has been at the forefront of the struggle for human rights for people living with HIV/AIDS in South Africa. It has played a major role in convincing the South African government to implement a national HIV treatment plan.
Can HIV AIDS Policy Law Rev 2003 Dec
PMID:AIDS Law Project receives AIDS and human rights award. 1510 50

The 2004 International Award for Action on HIV/AIDS and Human Rights has gone to the Thai Drug Users' Network (TDN).
HIV AIDS Policy Law Rev 2004 Dec
PMID:Thai Drug Users Network receives human rights award. 1581 Jan 28

General HIV laws seldom, if ever, address the human rights abuses that most affect women, particularly rape, sexual assault and domestic violence. In this article, which is based on his presentation at a concurrent session at the conference, Richard Pearshouse describes a Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network project to develop draft legislation covering certain areas of women's rights. The draft legislation is intended to be used as a practical resource for bringing about concrete law reform. This presentation won for Richard the International AIDS Society's Young Investigator Award for the conference's Track E (Policy and Political Sciences).
HIV AIDS Policy Law Rev 2008 Dec
PMID:Sexual assault, domestic violence and HIV: promoting women's rights through legislation. 1929 63

This article is extracted from a doctoral thesis that was supported by a research grant from the International Development Research Centre of Canada (IDRC)'s Ecosystem Approaches to Human Health Training Award, the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Northern Ireland's Emslie Horniman Scholarship Fund and McGill University, Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research's Humanities and Social Sciences Research Award. This study used a broad theoretical framework encompassing an ecosystem approach to HIV-1/AIDS that partly investigated the nexus between local knowledge of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV-1/AIDS. According to the Turkana of Lodwar township, Kenya, HIV-1/AIDS and TB are largely contagious and are attributed to impersonal and natural causes. In addition, in line with biomedical knowledge, the Turkana's local knowledge emphasises a conceptual link between TB and HIV-1/AIDS. The study also demonstrates that factors of the ecosystem such as kaada, poverty, widow inheritance, migration and other socio-cultural practices play an influential role in the vulnerability of the Turkana to the contraction and transmission of both TB and HIV-1/AIDS. The article posits an integrated approach to the prevention of TB and HIV-1 and to the management of AIDS and TB.
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PMID:Local knowledge of the link between tuberculosis and HIV-1/AIDS among the Turkana of Lodwar township: implications for tuberculosis and HIV-1/AIDS prevention. 1936 23

This review is based on the honor of receiving the Discovery Award from the Society of Free Radical Biology and Medicine. The review is reflective and presents our thinking that led to experiments that yielded novel observations. Critical questioning of our understanding of oxygen free radicals in biomedical problems led us to use and develop more direct and extremely sensitive methods. This included nitrone free radical spin trapping and HPLC-electrochemical detection. This technology led to the pioneering use of salicylate to trap hydroxyl free radicals and show increased flux in ischemia/reperfused brain regions and also to first sensitively detect 8-hydroxyl-2-deoxyguanosine in oxidatively damaged DNA and help assess its role in cancer development. We demonstrated that methylene blue (MB) photoinduces formation of 8-hydroxyguanine in DNA and RNA and discovered that MB sensitively photoinactivates RNA viruses, including HIV and the West Nile virus. Studies in experimental stroke led us serendipitously to discover that alpha-phenyl-tert-butylnitrone (PBN) was neuroprotective if given after the stroke. This led to extensive commercial development of NXY-059, a PBN derivative, for the treatment of stroke. More recently we discovered that PBN nitrones have potent anti-cancer activity and are active in preventing hearing loss caused by acute acoustical trauma.
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PMID:Serendipitous findings while researching oxygen free radicals. 1943 10


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