Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019693 (HIV)
 170,526 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Updated government guidelines for the treatment of HIV disease were published recently. Developed by 30 leading researchers, clinicians, and community advocates, "Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents" can help healthcare practitioners and patients in planning the course of HIV treatment. The new guidelines include a recommendation that abacavir (Ziagen), the newly approved nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor, be listed as an alternative treatment, not a preferred one. The Guidelines also discuss the use of hydroxyurea. The internet address, where the full report can be found, is provided. Information is also provided for ordering a print copy of the guidelines or listening to a recording of discussion groups concerning the Guidelines.
 ...
PMID:Updated HIV treatment guidelines available. 1136 62

Abacavir (Ziagen), a nucleoside analogue, is expected to be approved by the FDA for treatment of HIV in adults and children, and be available by the end of the year. Studies indicate abacavir is the most potent of the six approved nucleoside analogues in people who are treatment-naive. Information on dosing and side effects is given. A serious hypersensitivity reaction, occurring in about 3 percent of people, usually resolves within one to two days after discontinuing the drug. Abacavir should not be used again in these people, however, as the subsequent reaction can be fatal.
 ...
PMID:Abacavir update. 1136 88

Antiretroviral therapy received mixed reviews in 1998. The approvals of efavirenz (Sustiva) and abacavir (Ziagen) have increased drug options. The use of genotypic and phenotypic resistance assays has helped clinicians make better treatment decisions. However, long-term side effects of HAART (e.g., high cholesterol, diabetes, and lipodystrophy) have emerged in patients who have responded to HAART regimens. Finally, it is becoming increasingly obvious that HIV must be managed by HIV-experienced clinicians, as studies show that their patients are healthier, live longer, and are less costly to care for than those managed by generalists.
 ...
PMID:HIV antiretroviral agents. 1136 17

An updated version of the Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents is now available. Ziagen (abacavir) has been added to recommended first-time HIV regimens. The revised edition also includes a hypertext link to a discussion of Hydroxyurea, a cancer drug being used for HIV. Information for obtaining a free copy is provided.
 ...
PMID:Updated treatment guidelines. 1136 97

The wholesale pricing of abacavir (Ziagen), a nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor, was proposed at $9.70 per day. A 15 percent discount will be given through State AIDS Drug Assistance Programs (ADAPs). Communication between pharmaceutical companies and representatives of the HIV community is important to ensure that costs remain affordable.
 ...
PMID:Glaxo Wellcome announces abacavir pricing. 1136 92

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Glaxo Wellcome's nucleoside analog, abacavir (Ziagen, formerly 1592), for combination anti-HIV regimens for adults and children. In an early trial, abacavir was effective in suppressing HIV replication in combination with other antiretroviral drugs. Abacavir is generally well-tolerated, with minimal side effects. People who experience severe side effects within six weeks after starting abacavir should contact their doctor immediately. If medication is stopped due to severe hypersensitivity, it should not be restarted because it could result in a life-threatening reaction.
 ...
PMID:FDA approves abacavir. Food and Drug Administration. 1136 35

Laboratory studies indicate that mycophenylate (CellCept) may increase the anti-HIV activity of abacavir (Ziagen). Mycophenylate suppresses the production of guanosine, which is critical to the replication of HIV. Although the combination of mycophenylate and abacavir has been shown to have a similar effect to that of the combination of Hydroxyurea and ddI, it may be more powerful and less toxic. These results are preliminary and must be confirmed by human studies, which are currently under way.
 ...
PMID:Mycophenylate - a potential new option. 1136 67

Abacavir sulfate is an inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Approximately 5% of patients given abacavir develop a hypersensitivity reaction, a clinical syndrome thought to be immune-mediated and described previously with many different drugs, including other antiretroviral agents. Although rare, fatal reactions have occurred. Actions aimed at reducing morbidity and risk of fatality with hypersensitivity reactions include patient education, early identification and evaluation of symptoms suggestive of hypersensitivity, and prompt discontinuation of abacavir once the diagnosis has been established.
 ...
PMID:Understanding drug hypersensitivity: what to look for when prescribing abacavir. 1180 76

Abacavir (1592U89, or Ziagen) is a powerful and selective inhibitor of HIV-1 viral replication that has been approved by the FDA for treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Abacavir is metabolized to the active compound carbovir triphosphate (CBVTP). This compound is a guanosine analogue containing a 2',3'-unsaturation in its planar carbocyclic deoxyribose ring that acts on HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT(WT)) as a molecular target, resulting in chain termination of DNA synthesis. A single amino acid change from methionine 184 to valine in HIV-1 RT (RT(M184V)) has been observed clinically in response to abacavir treatment. The ability of the natural substrate, dGTP, or CBVTP to be utilized during DNA- and RNA-directed polymerization by RT(WT) and RT(M184V) was defined by pre-steady-state kinetic parameters. In the case of RT(WT), CBVTP was found to be a surprisingly poor substrate relative to dGTP. In both DNA- and RNA-directed polymerization, a decrease in the efficiency of CBVTP utilization with respect to dGTP was found with RT(M184V), suggesting that this mutation confers resistance at the level of CBVMP incorporation. The relatively low incorporation efficiency for RT(WT) was unanticipated considering earlier studies showing that the triphosphate form of a thymidine nucleoside analogue containing a planar 2',3'-unsaturated ribose ring, D4TTP, was incorporated with high efficiency relative to the natural substrate, dTTP. The difference may be related to the isosteric replacement of oxygen in the deoxyribose ring with carbon. This hypothesis was tested by synthesizing and evaluating D4GTP (the planar 2',3'-unsaturated deoxyribose guanosine analogue that is complementary to D4TTP). In contrast to CBVTP, D4GTP was found to be an excellent substrate for RT(WT) and no resistance was conferred by the M184V mutation, thus providing novel insight into structure-activity relationships for nucleoside-based inhibitors. In this work, we illustrate how an understanding of the molecular mechanism of inhibition and drug resistance led to the discovery of a novel prodrug of D4G. This compound shows promise as a potent antiviral especially with the drug resistant M184V HIV-1 RT that is so often encountered in a clinical setting.
 ...
PMID:Insights into the molecular mechanism of inhibition and drug resistance for HIV-1 RT with carbovir triphosphate. 1195 63

Gateways to Clinical Trials is a guide to the most recent clinical trials in current literature and congresses. The data in the following tables has been retrieved from the Clinical Studies knowledge area of Prous Science Integrity, the drug discovery and development portal, http://integrity.prous.com. This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: Abacavir sulfate, abarelix, adalimumab, adefovir dipivoxil, AdGVVEGF121.10, anastrozole, anecortave acetate, aripiprazole, asulacrine isethionate, atazanavir, ATL-962, 16-Aza-epothilone B; Bevacizumab, bicalutamide, blonanserin, BMS-188667, bosentan; Celecoxib, celmoleukin, cetuximab, cilomilast, cinacalcet hydrochloride, CNTF(Ax15), colesevelam hydrochloride; Daclizumab, delavirdine mesilate, desogestrel, desoxyepothilone B, dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride, duloxetine hydrochloride; Ecogramostim, emtricitabine, epalrestat, escitalopram oxalate, examorelin, exendin-4, ezetimibe; Fidarestat, frovatriptan; HIV-1 Immunogen; Iloperidone, insulin detemir, insulin lispro, irinotecan hydrochloride; Keratinocyte growth factor; Lasofoxifene tartrate, levetiracetam, levormeloxifene, levosimendan, lumiracoxib, LY-307161 SR; Memantine hydrochloride, MEN-10755, metformin hydrochloride, metreleptin, motexafin gadolinium; Naratriptan hydrochloride, natalizumab, nesiritide, nicotine, NN-2211, NN-414; Olanzapine, omalizumab; Pegaptanib sodium, peginterferon alfa-2a, peginterferon alfa-2b, pegvisomant, pimecrolimus, pirfenidone, pramlintide acetate prasterone, pregabalin; Quetiapine fumarate; Rabeprazole sodium, raloxifene hydrochloride, raltitrexed, rDNA insulin, rFGF-2, risedronate sodium, rofecoxib, roflumilast, rosiglitazone maleate; SN-22995; Tacrolimus, tadalafil, tegaserod maleate, tiotropium bromide, tomoxetine hydrochloride, trastuzumab, trimegestone; Voglibose, Voriconazole; Ziprasidone hydrochloride.
 ...
PMID:Gateways to clinical trials. 1261 7


<< Previous 1 2 3 Next >>