Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019693 (HIV)
 170,526 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Since nonoxynol-9 (N-9) is virucidal in vitro, it is a candidate microbicide for preventing the sexual transmission of HIV. A randomized placebo-controlled trial of the daily use of 100 mg of N-9 was conducted for 1 week among 40 female volunteers aged 18-45 years. Genital irritation was reported by 10 of the N-9 users and 5 women in the placebo group. Colposcopy showed erythema in 9 of the N-9 group and 2 of the placebo group. Histologic inflammation was found in 7 of the N-9 group and 2 of the placebo group. Inflammatory changes in the women were characterized by patchy infiltration of the lamina propria mainly with CD8 lymphocytes and macrophages, in the absence of epithelial disruption. A transient reduction in the number of lactobacilli was observed in 9 of the 15 women using N-9, and 6 of the 18 women using placebo. N-9 used for 7 days in this standard spermicidal dose in the absence of sexual intercourse was therefore associated with increased irritation, colposcopic and histologic evidence of inflammation, and was more often associated with a reduction in the numbers of lactobacilli during gel use. The clinical significance of the recruitment of cells susceptible to HIV infection to the genital mucosa remains to be determined.
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PMID:Safety study of nonoxynol-9 as a vaginal microbicide: evidence of adverse effects. 952 33