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Query: UMLS:C0019693 (HIV)
 170,526 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the course of a prospective study of the prevalence and incidence of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and risk factors for the acquired immune deficiency syndrome among 961 homosexual men, 97 initially HIV antibody seronegative men reported a febrile period lasting at least three days. In 60 of these men serological evidence for an infection was found: influenza A or B virus (17 men), HIV (14), Epstein-Barr virus (seven), parainfluenza virus type I, 11 or Ill (five), hepatitis A virus (three), cytomegalovirus (three), adenovirus (two), respiratory syncytial virus (two), hepatitis B virus (one) and Toxoplasma gondii (one). Combined infections were found in five men. A total of 17 men seroconverted for HIV antibody. The clinical symptoms of acute HIV infection closely resembled those of influenza A or B infection. Skin rashes also occurred frequently in men with HIV infection. HIV antibody seroconversion gives rise to a number of different symptoms and primary HIV infection should be included in the differential diagnosis of prolonged febrile illness in those at risk of HIV infection.
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PMID:Influenza-like syndrome in homosexual men: a prospective diagnostic study. 325 68

38.5% or 10 of 26 children with thalassemia who had received blood transfusion have tested positive for HIV at the Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar. Blood for transfusion was obtained from commercial suppliers in Miami, Florida, since late 1970. Since December 1985 all blood for transfusion has been tested for HIV for ELISA kits from Abbott Laboratories, Chicago, Ill, and confirmed by Western Blot. These children ranged from 3-13 years old, mean 7.7, and had received an average of 63.5 transfusions. All had been given at least 30 transfusions. Children testing negative for HIV averaged 35.0 lifetime transfusions. 4 of the affected children had persistent generalized lymphadenopathy, but no other symptoms were recorded.
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PMID:High prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection in children with thalassemia exposed to blood imported from the United States. 367 Sep 41

Although hepatobiliary involvement is common in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, it infrequently leads to biliary tract abnormalities. We describe a 39-year-old man with human immunodeficiency virus infection and no previous acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-defining illnesses, who presented with malaise, right upper quadrant pain, lymphadenopathy and cholestasis. An endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography demonstrated sclerosing cholangitis due to disseminated B-cell nonHodgkin's lymphoma. Following chemotherapy, his symptoms and signs rapidly improved, so that 1 month later his endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography had returned entirely to normal.
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PMID:Reversible AIDS-related sclerosing cholangitis. 749 94

Hepatitis C virus infection in chronic hemodialysis patients is associated with several unresolved problems. We report a 85 years old female patient in chronic hemodialysis and treated with erythropoietin, that during the course of an Herpes zoster, presented severe malaise, weight loss and muscle weakness. Two weeks later, a slight rise in serum transaminases was detected. The patient had negative antibodies for HIV and hepatitis C virus and negative hepatitis B surface antigen. A PCR test was positive for serum hepatitis C virus RNA. The patient's condition deteriorated and she died 7 days after admission. Erythropoietin administration, whose immunosuppressive effect has been reported previously, could have influenced the dismal outcome of this patient.
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PMID:[Hepatitis C virus viremia and Herpes zoster virus infection in a patient in hemodialysis treated with erythropoietin]. 756 63

The first case of disseminated Mycobacterium bovis infection with meningitis in an AIDS patient is reported. A 54-year-old male HIV-positive patient was admitted for evaluation of fever, weight loss, inappetence, fatigue and malaise. Mycobacterium bovis (non-BCG) was isolated from blood, bone marrow, stool, urine, sputum, abdominal lymph nodes and cerebrospinal fluid. Antituberculous therapy using a five-drug regimen plus steroids resulted in complete recovery.
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PMID:A case of disseminated Mycobacterium bovis infection in an AIDS patient. 761 65

Disseminated toxoplasmosis in AIDS is a rare condition. We present an unusual case of a fulminant form of disseminated toxoplasmosis in a young male homosexual. He was a 30-year-old HIV-positive (diagnosed 4 months earlier), admitted with a 5-day history of diarrhea, vomiting, fever, and cough. He had been generally healthy except for an 8-week history of weight loss and malaise. On admission, except for a temperature of 37.6 degrees C, the physical examination was normal. He was treated symptomatically. Four days after admission he suddenly became short of breath. Despite intensive management, he continued to deteriorate and expired 6 h later. Postmortem examination revealed disseminated toxoplasmosis involving the heart, lungs, brain, stomach, small intestine, and colon. This is an unusual presentation of disseminated toxoplasmosis because of its rapid course with no prior indication of infection. To our knowledge, such an atypical and rapid downhill course of toxoplasmosis (with minimal clinical and laboratory features) has not been reported previously. Increased awareness of this infection in all HIV patients and its possibly rapid course is needed.
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PMID:Fulminant disseminated toxoplasmosis in an HIV patient. 766 88

We report a 34-year-old homosexual man who developed a maculopapular, non-itchy exanthema mainly on the trunk in addition to fever up to 39.8 degrees C, general malaise, arthralgias, generalized enlargement of the lymph nodes, watery diarrhoea and weight loss. The patient was in an acute phase of the HIV infection according to standards of WHO and CDC (i.e. acute infection with duration from 3 days to 3 weeks with occasional mononucleosis-like symptoms and positive antibody tests). We documented the seroconversion from HIV-negativity to HIV-positivity 15 days after the onset of the acute illness, concomitant with the resolution of the clinical symptoms. Haematological changes were monitored during the conversion. The infection with HIV-1 was shown by the reduction of T4 helper cells (262/microliters) and the inversion of the CD4:CD8 ratio (< 0.5 during seroconversion). The patient also developed generalized candidiasis owing to the acute immunodeficiency.
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PMID:[Acute primary stage of HIV infection with documented seroconversion]. 790 62

Forty-five subjects with symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, CD4+ lymphocyte counts of > or = 150 x 10(6)/L, and Karnofsky scores > or = 60 were enrolled in a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial that compared zidovudine monotherapy and combination therapy for 48 weeks with zidovudine and interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha). Zidovudine with IFN-alpha (n = 25) had a favorable effect on CD4+ cell counts compared with zidovudine alone (n = 20). At all time points analyzed, the mean change from baseline was higher, reaching significance at week 24 (+10% versus -21%; P = .029). At week 48 the difference was -12% versus -45% (P = .07). Anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody-induced T cell reactivity improved temporarily in both groups. Serum HIV p24 antigen levels decreased maximally during the first 12 weeks of treatment. At weeks 0 and 48, polymerase chain reaction analysis for mutations at codons 67 and 215 of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase gene conferring zidovudine resistance was conducted in 10 subjects receiving zidovudine and in 8 subjects receiving combination therapy. At week 48, 1 of 8 and 4 of 6 samples from the groups receiving zidovudine only or combination therapy, respectively, contained wild type virus at codon 215. Grade 3 or 4 toxicity was uncommon. Drug-related malaise and anorexia were observed more frequently in patients receiving both zidovudine and IFN-alpha.
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PMID:Zidovudine and interferon-alpha combination therapy versus zidovudine monotherapy in subjects with symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. 791 Aug 38

We report a 47 year old woman that presented to the hospital with an intracranial hypertension syndrome, a right hemiparesis and a several months history of progressive malaise and behavioral disturbances. During the hospital stay, positive HIV antibodies were detected and CAT scan showed a profound left parietal rounded hypodense lesion. The patient died 21 days after admission and the postmortem pathological study showed a deep abscess in the left basal ganglia, with recognizable Toxoplasma gondii trophozoites.
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PMID:[Cerebral abscess caused by Toxoplasma gondii and AIDS. Report of a case with anatomo-pathological study]. 819 Nov 54

A twenty nine year old male homosexual presented with malaise, weight loss, fever and profuse sweating. An ill defined abdominal mass was found during physical examination in the right lower quadrant and chest X rays disclosed a pleural effusion. HIV antibodies and hepatitis B surface antigen were positive and immunological parameters were altered. Light and electron microscopic examination of operative biopsies of the abdominal mass revealed the presence of Histoplasma capsulatum. Treatment with Amphotericin B was started with a favorable response and the patient was discharged. He was readmitted with a septic shock and died. Necropsy showed pulmonary histoplasmosis. This is the first case of disseminated histoplasmosis in a patient with AIDS described in Chile.
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PMID:[Disseminated histoplasmosis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. 823 68


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