Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019693 (HIV)
 170,526 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Severe forms of periodontal disease are frequent in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Linear gingival erythema (LGE) is a progressive disease described in HIV-positive patients and is considered to be an early stage of necrotizing periodontitis. Although clinical and microbiological differences are reported in LGE and non-specific gingivitis (NSG), a comparative immunopathological approach of both has not been performed yet. The purpose of this study was to compare relative populations of T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes, neutrophils, macrophages and IgG bearing plasma cells in gingival biopsies from sites exhibiting LGE and from sites exhibiting NSG. A biotin-streptavidin amplified system was used for identification of the following antigens: CD3 (T-lymphocytes), CD20 (B-lymphocytes), elastase (neutrophils), CD68 (macrophages) and IgG (plasma cell's secretors of IgG). The results have demonstrated decrease proportions of T-lymphocytes, macrophages and high percentage of neutrophils and IgG bearing plasma cells in LGE. In contrast with NSG, many neutrophils cells in LGE were found inside oral gingival epithelium. Our results highlight the idea that progressive periodontal disease is not only characterized by increased tissue inflammation, but, in addition, by significant changes in the proportion of specific inflammatory cells. The high number of neutrophils along the gingival epithelium is probably associated with the severe gingival necrosis reported in AIDS patients.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical study of linear gingival erythema from HIV-positive patients. 749 78

Oral candidiasis (OC) is a frequent oral manifestation of HIV infection, is a marker disease and occurs as a pseudomembranous, erythematous or rarely hyperplastic variant; angular cheilitis is also seen. Candida albicans is frequently isolated but other species such as C. krusei and C. dublienensis are emerging. Resistance against fluconazole is common. Bacterial oral infections are comparatively rare and are predominantly localized to the gingiva and periodontium. Linear gingival erythema, necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis have been described in HIV-infected patients. Initially, these diseases were considered specific for HIV infection. In recent years, however, it has become apparent that gingivitis and periodontitis in HIV-infected patients do not differ from those in immunocompetent individuals. AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) predominantly occurs at the palate, the gingiva and the dorsum of the tongue. Histopathologically, oral KS is identical to classical KS. Oral KS has been treated surgically, using laser, radiotherapy and intralesional injections with chemo- and immunotherapy. After introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) oral manifestations, such as OC, gingivo-periodontitis and KS are rarely seen.
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PMID:Oral manifestations in HIV infection: fungal and bacterial infections, Kaposi's sarcoma. 1268 60

Linear gingival erythema (LGE) is part of the spectrum of periodontal disease that exists in the HIV-infected population. Here, a typical case of LGE is presented and described. The microbiology and therapeutics of LGE are discussed, as well as this condition's relationship to more severe, rapidly destructive infectious diseases--such as necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis and necrotizing stomatitis.
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PMID:Linear gingival erythema in an HIV-seropositive man. 1272 91