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Query: UMLS:C0019693 (HIV)
 170,526 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of this report is to describe an association between bronchogenic carcinoma and HIV. Three HIV-seropositive patients are described who developed bronchogenic cancer (two large cell, one adenocarcinoma) before developing an AIDS-defining illness. A critical review of the literature revealed 22 other patients in which the association of HIV infection and lung cancer is reported. These patients are characterized by a relatively young age at diagnosis (median, 43 years) and prevalence of the adenocarcinoma subtype (13 of 25 patients). Twenty of 21 patients had a history of smoking. Among 21 patients for whom data were available, 6 patients (28 percent) had AIDS at time of diagnosis of lung cancer while 11 patients (55 percent) did not have AIDS or AIDS-related complex at diagnosis.
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PMID:Bronchogenic carcinoma in patients seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus. 777 62

This retrospective study determined the clinical course of lung cancer in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. A total of 23 patients with HIV infection archived as lung cancer were studied: 16 were identified from about 1,000 lung cancer patients entered in the tumor registry and medical records of Jackson Memorial Hospital, 7 were identified from about 1,000 HIV-positive patients entered in the Special Immunology registry of Veterans Administration Medical Center, 4 patients did not have pathologic confirmation of lung cancer, and 19 patients, all men, met the criteria for analysis (histopathologic diagnosis of lung cancer and HIV+ by serology). The median age was 47 (range: 36-66). Risk factors for HIV were homosexuality (6 patients), blood transfusion (3), promiscuity (5), intravenous drug abuse (4), and none (3). Six patients had a history of coexistent pulmonary tuberculosis and 5 had Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Median survival from diagnosis of lung cancer was 3 months. Advanced stages of both HIV infection and lung cancer may account for the poor survival. All patients were men and noted to be younger than other patients with lung cancer.
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PMID:Lung cancer in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. 784 61

Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and cervical carcinoma are the malignancies most clearly associated with HIV infection. Other malignancies with no established association with immunodeficiency, in particular, lung cancer and germ-cell malignancies, also occur in persons with HIV infection, and there is clear overlap in the demographic characteristics of patients with these tumors and HIV-infected individuals. Compared with lung cancer in the general population, lung cancer in HIV-infected patients presents at a younger age, with more advanced disease, and more commonly with adenocarcinoma. No correlations between degree of immunodeficiency and stage of lung cancer at presentation or duration of survival have been established. Patients with and without HIV infection who develop germ-cell malignancies are similar in presentation and tumor histology. Treatment for germ-cell malignancies is well-tolerated and appropriate for HIV-infected patients.
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PMID:Cancers not associated with immunodeficiency in HIV infected persons. 791 42

As the HIV epidemic continues and the patients are closely followed throughout the course of the illness from HIV seropositivity to depressed total CD4 counts, the natural history of lung cancer in this population is evolving. HIV-infected patients with lung cancer are in general younger men with significant smoking histories. Adenocarcinoma is the predominant cell type. There has been no correlation between stage of lung cancer and CD4 counts. The lung cancer stage at presentation has also not affected prognosis (no survivors beyond 1 year from diagnosis). While HIV seropositivity has not yet been identified as a risk factor for bronchogenic carcinoma, the current literature suggests that lung neoplasms behave in an aggressive manner in HIV-positive patients. We present two cases to illustrate the value of transbronchial biopsy which should be performed in all patients with masses, nodules, or focal lesions that persist despite appropriate therapy for opportunistic organisms in HIV-positive patients.
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PMID:Bronchogenic carcinoma in patients seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus. 840 64

We report adenocarcinoma of the lung in seven patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We compared age, clinical findings and survival data with a sex-matched control group of HIV-negative patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung. Median age of HIV-infected patients with lung cancer was lower than in control patients with lung cancer. The HIV-infected patients had more systemic symptoms and abnormal physical findings than control subjects. Both groups had smoking histories. Laboratory data were similar but control subjects had lower blood oxygen tensions than did HIV patients; HIV patients had more abnormalities on chest roentgenograms and computed tomography scans than did control subjects. All HIV-infected patients were stage IV. Median survival was 4 weeks. For control patients, 50 percent had stage IV disease; median survival was 25.5 weeks. Thus, patients with HIV infection develop lung cancer at a younger age than sex-matched control subjects and undergo a more fulminant course with shortened survivals.
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PMID:Lung cancer in patients with immunodeficiency syndrome. 843 28

This paper analyzes changes in sex mortality ratios between 1979 and 1987 for adults in 23 developed countries. (A sex mortality ratio is the ratio of male to female death rates.) Previous analyses have shown that during the mid-twentieth century sex mortality ratios increased for all adult age groups. During the 1980s sex mortality ratios continued to increase for 25-34 year olds, but showed mixed trends for other adult age groups. For example, for older adults aged 55-64, sex mortality ratios increased in Southern and Eastern European countries and Japan, but sex mortality ratios decreased in Northern European and Anglophone countries. Trends in several causes of death contributed to these trends in sex mortality ratios. For example, for 25-34 year olds, increases in men's suicide rates and HIV or AIDS mortality contributed to the increases in sex mortality ratios. For older adults, it was hypothesized that decreasing sex differences in cigarette smoking in recent decades would result in decreasing sex differences in lung cancer and ischemic heart disease mortality during the 1980s. The predicted decrease in sex differences in lung cancer mortality was observed in many countries; women had more unfavorable lung cancer mortality trends than men in the Anglophone countries and Northern and Central Western European countries. In contrast, very little evidence was found for the predicted decrease in sex differences in ischemic heart disease. The paper presents additional data concerning the contributions of trends in specific causes of death to changes in sex mortality ratios and briefly reviews evidence concerning probable causes of the observed mortality trends. It appears that recent trends in sex mortality ratios have been influenced by changing sex differences in smoking and a variety of additional factors, such as the effects of improvements in health care interacting with inherent sex differences in vulnerability to ischemic heart disease.
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PMID:Recent trends in sex mortality ratios for adults in developed countries. 843 70

Between December 1986 and December 1991, the Italian Cooperative Group on AIDS-related tumours documented 94 HIV related solid tumours. Of 21 germinal testicular tumours collected, ten were seminomas. Cervical carcinoma was observed observed in 28 IVDAs (intraepithelial in 8 and advanced, with rapid progression, in one). Lung cancer associated with HIV infection was reported in 14 patients. Also reported were two cases of colorectal carcinoma, one anorectal carcinoma, one pancreatic carcinoma, one carcinoid, one oral carcinoma. Of the central nervous system tumours, were diagnosed 3 cases of glioblastomas, one medulloblastoma and one meningioma. This retrospective study shows that while oral and anorectal tumours were very rarely observed, a wide spectrum of other HIV-related solid tumours were found in this series. The required therapeutic approaches may not necessarily be influenced by the HIV infection, in contrast with the observed pattern for treatment of EKS and lymphomas in HIV infected subjects.
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PMID:[Solid tumors associated with HIV infection]. 849 70

We report a 65-year-old Japanese woman with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). The eruption first occurred on the legs while she was admitted for treatment of poorly differentiated lung cancer. Approximately eight months after the evolution, cutaneous tumors rapidly spread to the forearms, trunk, and pharynx. At that time, the patient had received systemic corticosteroid (10-40 mg/day of prednisolone) for about three months to reduce pulmonary inflammation. The laboratory data showed anemia, lymphopenia, hypogammaglobulinemia, and a decreased T cell count, although the serological test for HIV infection was negative. The patient was treated with radiation (X-ray for KS of pharynx and electron beam for KS of lower legs) and local intralesional injection of vinblastine. Although both therapies were very effective and well tolerated, she died of bacterial pneumonia and sepsis. Autopsy revealed KS tumors, unknown before death, in both lungs, the esophagus, and the stomach. The left lung cancer had disseminated and metastasized to the right lung, pleura, mediastinum, and abdominal cavity. It is suspected that chronic respiratory distress and systemic use of corticosteroids might have induced the rapid extension of KS.
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PMID:Kaposi's sarcoma associated with lung cancer and immunosuppression. 885 91

The study defines the epidemiological characteristics of HIV-infection in the population of Genoa and estimates the entity of AIDS-cancer association. The cohort includes 317 subjects resident in the Municipality of Genoa, aged above 14 years and notified prior to 31 December 1991 and/or dead from AIDS in the period 1988-1991. From 1984 to 1991, 44 cases of tumour were recorded. The comparison between the rate ratios found in the AIDS patients' cohort and in the general population of Genoa strengthen the significant association highlighted in literature regarding overall cancer, 26.7 (p < 0.05), and in particular, Kaposi's sarcoma, 3239.4 (p < 0.05); non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, 84.8 (p < 0.05); Hodgkin's lymphomas, 20.6 (p < 0.05). Moreover, a significant increase in the risk of testicular seminoma, 61.5 (p < 0.05) and lung cancer, 18.0 (p < 0.05) is confirmed.
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PMID:AIDS related neoplasms in Genoa, Italy. 886 42

The case history of a patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and HIV infection is described, who presented clinically with CNS symptomatology. No association of the tumor with human papilloma virus was found.
Lung Cancer 1996 Sep
PMID:Lung squamous cell carcinoma presenting with brain metastases in an HIV-positive patient. 888 92


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