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Query: UMLS:C0019693 (HIV)
 170,526 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We describe a 13-year-old girl with angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy. The patient's main symptom was a generalized pruritic maculopapular rash located mainly on the upper and lower limbs. In addition to the skin lesions, physical examination revealed enlarged cervical, axillary and inguinal lymph nodes. There were also hepatosplenomegaly and oedema of both hands. Blood examination showed elevated ESR, haemolytic anaemia, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia and eosinophilia. Virus serology including HIV I and II and HTLV I was negative. Histopathological examination of a lesional skin biopsy showed superficial and deep dermal infiltrate extending into the subcutaneous tissue. The infiltrate consisted of lymphocytes, some with atypical nuclei, histiocytoid cells, and few eosinophils. There was also proliferation of dermal blood vessels. Examination of an enlarged cervical lymph node disclosed typical histopathological features of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy and confirmed the diagnosis.
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PMID:[Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with cutaneous manifestations in a 13-year-old girl]. 128 12

The clinical manifestations and some immunological parameters (CD4 lymphocytes, CD4/CD8 ratio, IgM, IgA, IgG levels, skin test) were examined in 226 adult patients (148 males and 78 females) infected with HIV. These included 58 (26%) asymptomatic patients with seropositive test, 109 (48%) with the only clinical manifestation generalized lymphadenopathy; 54 (24%) with AIDS-related infections, 5 (2%) with AIDS. A subsequent follow-up of 3 months to 3 years demonstrated that AIDS developed in 7 patients, 9 died. The period of infection with HIV and death ranged from 1.5 to 9 years. The signs of cell immunodeficiency were found in 70% of the examinees. Recommendations are given on the classification of HIV infection.
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PMID:[Clinical manifestations and the problems of classification of HIV infection]. 128 10

A total of 55 males aged 19.5 to 62 years who were infected with HIV were examined psychopathologically+ and neuropsychologically by A.R. Luria's methods. Twenty-one of these patients were homosexuals. Syphilis was recorded in 34.7% in this group. Lymphadenopathy was the major clinical sign of HIV infection. Symptoms of organic involvements+ of the central nervous system were revealed by a psychopathological method. Neuropsychological studies detected dysfunction of the right cerebral hemisphere, particularly in a group of homosexuals suffering from syphilis.
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PMID:[Clinico-experimental study of mental processes in men with HIV infection]. 128 16

The authors studied the immune status of 14 HIV-infected patients, 6 of whom had lymphadenopathy, 4 were diagnosed as having AIDS-related complex and 4, a full-blown AIDS. Analysis of laboratory findings showed that of predictive value are serum levels of immunoglobulin B, a CD4 cell count less than 200, reduced populations of CD20 and CD16 lymphocytes, and a depressed response to pokeweed mitogen. Based on the clinical manifestations and laboratory results, three stages characterizing the immune system in HIV infection have been identified.
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PMID:[The possibilities of using immunological indices as criteria for determining the stage of HIV infection and the disease prognosis]. 128 13

Prevalence of HIV-Ag in both serum and CSF has been determined in 19 HIV infected patients, including 7 patients without any symptoms or only generalized lymphadenopathy, 5 patients with ARC and 7 patients with AIDS. The results have been correlated with clinically evident neurological disorders. HIV-Ag have been detected in 9 out of 12 patients with ARC (AIDS Related Complex) and AIDS. In 8 of them neurological disorders have been present. Out of the remaining 7 patients in only one HIV-Ag has been detected in CSF (p < 025). No correlation between the presence of HIV antigen in CSF and serum has been noted.
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PMID:[Prevalence of HIV antigens in cerebrospinal fluid and in serum of patients with both asymptomatic and symptomatic HIV infection]. 129 60

Lymphocytes CD8+ have been assayed prospectively in 245 individuals infected with HIV. Percentage and number of CD8+ have been nearly two-fold higher in asymptomatic patients or patients with lymphadenopathy than those in the control group. The number of CD8+ lymphocytes has been rapidly decreasing parallel to the progression of HIV (ARC and AIDS), while their percentage has increased--however insignificantly. There has been a positive correlation between the number of CD4+ and CD8+ cells and all clinical stages of HIV infection.
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PMID:[Quantitative assay of CD8+ (cytotoxic and suppressor) lymphocytes in patients with both asymptomatic and symptomatic HIV infection]. 129 61

The case of a 10.5-year-old girl, who was diagnosed with a case of thalassemia major at the age of 8 months and had been on regular blood transfusions since then, is related. Donor screening for HIV was started in mid-1988, thus she had received unscreened blood for a number of years. In February 1991, she presented with a dry persistent cough, moderate grade continuous fever, and breathlessness on exertion for over 2 weeks. Chest X-ray showed bilateral infiltrations. She was put on penicillin and chloramphenicol with a provisional diagnosis of bronchopneumonia. In March 1991, she had to be hospitalized for impending respiratory failure. After treatment with intravenous fluids and parenteral antimicrobials, her condition stabilized and she was discharged. In April 1991, she was readmitted because of complaints of difficulty in swallowing and weight loss. Her chest signs had persisted and she had developed oropharyngeal candidiasis with ulcerations. She also had alopecia, a generalized lymphadenopathy, digital clubbing, and bilateral parotid enlargement. Candidiasis responded to vigorous therapy with clotrimazole. Fine needle aspiration of lymph node showed a reactive hyperplasia. HIV antibodies were detected in the serum with ELISA and confirmed by Western blot. Immunologic tests showed evidence of severe immunodeficiency. The Multitest CMI, which simultaneously tests delayed skin hypersensitivity to seven common recall antigens, was totally nonreactive. She was classified as having AIDS according to World Health Organization criteria for children under 13 years of age. The diagnosis of lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis (LIP) was also made based on the symptoms. Oral prednisolone was given 2 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses for a month. The cough and dyspnea showed great improvement and the parotid swellings disappeared; lymphadenopathy, clubbing, and alopecia, however, persisted. The child was kept on maintenance therapy of prednisolone and on alternate day co-trimoxazole for prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii infection.
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PMID:Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) with lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis (LIP) in a multi transfused child with thalassemia major. 129 97

Histopathologic study on the lymphadenopathy of 38 HIV infected patients in Zambia are reported. The histologic type of lymph node changes might be divided as follows: follicular hyperplasia, mixed follicular hyperplasia, follicular involution, and lymphocyte depletion. The author points out that although each individual histologic change in lymph node is not specific, the summation of changes in lymph node are characteristic. A diagnosis of HIV infection might be considered, and appropriate test is warranted, when histologic changes are found in enlarged lymph nodes at two or more noningunal sites for several months. Lymph node biopsy is recommended and significant in discovering HIV infected cases, making diagnosis of AIDS as well as AIDS-related complex, and evaluation of prognosis of these patients.
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PMID:[Histopathologic study on lymphadenopathy in HIV infected patients]. 129 24

Murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (MAIDS) develops when C57B1/6 mice are inoculated with LP-BM5 murine leukemia viruses. Disease progression in these animals is characterized by lymphadenopathy, polyclonal B-cell activation, severe immunodeficiency, and death. Mice with MAIDS have been used to examine the efficacy of antiretroviral therapies for possible use in AIDS patients. In the present work, MAIDS mice were employed to test the hypothesis that established retroviral infection might be cured by the combined use of a cytotoxic agent (cyclophosphamide) and total body irradiation--a regimen reported to have successfully cured HIV-1 infection in one AIDS patient. Results indicate that the ablation of retrovirus-infected lymphoid cells reduced but did not eliminate LP-BM5 infection. Moreover, this regimen was no more effective at controlling virus proliferation or preventing the polyclonal IgG activation characteristic of murine AIDS than was AZT alone.
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PMID:Effect of cyclophosphamide, total body irradiation, and zidovudine on retrovirus proliferation and disease progression in murine AIDS. 131 Jun 3

We present an HIV-infected patient with lymphadenopathy syndrome in whom an unusually aggressive case of Hodgkin's disease developed. Examination of tissue excised from the lymphoma and of epithelial cells scraped from the tongue of the patient revealed Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The relationship between an enhanced replication of EBV in the epithelium of the tongue and the elevated frequency of Hodgkin's lymphomas containing EBV-DNA among HIV-infected patients is discussed.
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PMID:[Hodgkin's disease in HIV infection--detection of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in tongue epithelium and lymphoma]. 131 34


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